User:FCollins95/Sex reversal

-Forrest Edits:

Reptiles in Sex Reversal

-Sex Reversal in Reptilian Embryonic Stages

->Begin by talking about primitive reptiles and how TSD functions

-"Reptiles that do not undergo GSD will experience sex determination by temperature (TSD) (REF). TSD is a primitive form of sex determination that has been thought to be a precursor to GSD (REF). Since temperature plays a role in sex determination for these reptiles, the sex of an organism can be shifted."

-> Look at Wibbels paper on how he was able to adjust temperature

-Gwen edits:

Gonochoristic fish

-change to just fish in general and include sections on gonochorism and sequential hermaphrodites

-ask morris about paper on fish that he said was cool

-sequential hermaphrodite:

- can change throughout life cycle

-differentiation of gonads

-gonochorism:

-environmental factors or genetics

-lack of males or females-- equilibrium

-Kobayashi, Y., Nagahama, Y., & Nakamura, M. (2013). Diversity and plasticity of sex determination and differentiation in fishes. Sexual development : genetics, molecular biology, evolution, endocrinology, embryology, and pathology of sex determination and differentiation, 7(1-3), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1159/000342009

-Doni Edits:

Sex reversal in mammals

-> In mammals and other vertebrates, where genetic sex determination occurs through XX/XY or ZZ/ZW genetic chromosomal system, 'sex reversal' arises when the gonadal or sexual phenotype mismatches with the genetic sex. For example, the development of an ovary and female phenotype in an XY individual.

-> Additionally, hormonal factors play a significant role in sex reversal among mammals.

-> Sex reversal in mammals can also interact with ecological factors such as habitat destruction, climate change, and resource availability.

-> Changes in environmental conditions may influence the frequency of sex reversal within mammalian populations, ultimately affecting population dynamics and ecosystem functioning.

-> Sex reversal in mammals leads to behavioral adaptations within populations.

-> In wild mammalian populations, sex reversal can have implications for wildlife management and conservation efforts.

-> The impact of sex reversal in threatened or endangered species is essential for effective population management strategies.

-> Reference

Weber C, Capel B. Sex reversal. Curr Biol. 2018 Nov 5;28(21):R1234-R1236. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.043. PMID: 30399341; PMCID: PMC8941919.

Keijondra,s Edits:

Sex reversal in birds has this sex steroid manipulation which is sex steroids that are hormones that interact with vertebrae and hormone receptors

- Sex hormones for this includes androgens, estrogens, and progestogens

-Aromatase inhibitors is a class drug that is used for treatment in breast cancer however, I feel it should not be used for birds because no where it says anything about birds in this case but only used for postmenopausal for men and women

Estrogen is a definite requirement in birds for the female sex differentiation. Estrogen can induce fermentation of the male chickens. However, this means this can make female chickens quite masculine.