User:Fabrickator/reference notes

articles referencing Muslim League Attack book
References (specifically Wikilinks) to the book "Muslim League Attack on Sikhs and Hindus" have been deleted from some articles. because the WP article about this book was deleted. Alternatively, such references could have been replaced with a citation, including a link to the book, e.g. at archive.org. This list is accurate as of 2021-05-02.


 * Dhamthal
 * Gurbachan Singh Talib
 * Hinduism in Pakistan
 * Islam and Sikhism
 * Muslim National Guard
 * Opposition to the partition of India (done)
 * Partition of India
 * Punjabi Hindus
 * Punjabis (further reading)
 * Punjab Muslim League
 * Violence against women during the partition of India

Here are currently working links to this text:


 * archive.org original 1950 version
 * 1950 reprint with introduction
 * Bharatvani.org archived web version
 * altered "Partition of India" web version

Here's a similar list of articles for "Negationism in India: Concealing the Record of Islam":
 * Bias in curricula
 * Bibliography of books critical of Islam
 * Censorship in India
 * Freedom of expression in India
 * Growth of Muslim Population in Medieval India
 * Historical negationism
 * Holocaust denial
 * Islamic rulers in the Indian subcontinent
 * Koenraad Elst
 * Media bias in South Asia

Aero Club of America

 * Automobilists Now Interested in Aerial Navigation (New York Tribune, 8/17/1905)
 * Members of the Automobile Club of America determined to form the Aero Club of America and identified persons to hold certain roles.
 * Augustus Post was named as 2nd Vice President of the putative Aero Club of America.

age of consent and legal fiction references

 * Statutory Rape: A Crime of Violence for Purposes of Immigrant Deportation? (University of Chicago, 2007)
 * The inability to consent does not mean that a minor always protests; it simply means the state does not recognize the minor's ability to act on his or her own behalf. This legal fiction creates a gray area between consent and non-consent that only the Seventh and Ninth Circuits have been willing to address.


 * Takeaways:
 * Actual consent (or lack thereof) exists independent of the age of consent.
 * The legal concept of statutory rape is implied by enacting a statute which declares an age of consent.
 * Modern laws which restrict sex with minors (i.e. in most states of the U.S.) do not rely on an age of consent statute.
 * Statutory Rape: When Is a Crime Not a Crime? (Los Angeles Times, 8/6/1997)
 * Takeaways:
 * Difficult to imagine such a turnaround in attitude about the seriousness of this crime.
 * There seemingly has been little attempt to challenge these laws on the constitutional issues raised.

Ages of consent in North America
Citations purport to support the following claims:
 * The age of consent in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is 15.
 * The penalty for statutory rape of a girl over 13 but under 15 is five years' imprisonment
 * The penalty if the girl is under 13 is life imprisonment.


 * original "refworld" reference
 * http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,VCT,4562d94e2,4784def41e,0.html
 * dead
 * original "state.gov" reference
 * https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/wha/136126.htm
 * this is an interpretation of the statute; the actual text of the statute is not provided
 * wayback copy of "refworld" reference
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20121015234033/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,VCT,4562d94e2,4784def41e,0.html
 * this is an interpretation of the statute; the actual text of the statute is not provided
 * updated link to "refworld" reference
 * http://www.refworld.org/docid/5072b0592.html
 * this interpretation is as provided by the Canadian government
 * Chapter 171 Criminal Code
 * other pertinent sources
 * http://searchlight.vc/searchlight/2006/06/30/sexual-offences/ (dead as of 2020-03-12, no archive available, alternate links follow)
 * http://testwp05.tecnavia.com/searchlight/news/understanding-the-law/2006/06/30/sexual-offences/
 * http://testwp09.newsmemory.com/searchlight/news/understanding-the-law/2006/06/30/sexual-offences/
 * content of the following links may be viewed using "view source" or clicking on browser "stop" link before page completes loading, or possibly by viewing search engine cached copy (e.g. in bing)
 * https://searchlight.vc/searchlight/understanding-the-law/2006/06/30/sexual-offences/
 * https://searchlight.vc/searchlight/understanding-the-law/2019/10/18/sexual-offences-2/
 * https://guides.law.fsu.edu/caribbean/stvincentgrenadines
 * http://www.loc.gov/law/help/guide/nations/stvincent.php
 * https://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/findings/tda2004/saintvincentgrenadines.pdf
 * http://www.easterncaribbeanlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/COMPLETED-P2P.2014.pdf
 * other relevant sites
 * http://judiciary.gov.vc/judiciary/
 * http://www.assembly.gov.vc/assembly/
 * related news articles
 * https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/10/06/occupy-artist-jailed-for-three-weeks-for-indecent-assault/
 * additional observations
 * sources indicate that law is gender-specific
 * sources indicate that act is specific to "sexual intercourse"
 * statute apparently relies on legal fiction that underage persons cannot give consent
 * a separate crime, "indecent assault", may apply to forms of sexual conduct other than sexual intercourse with underage female

American Automobile Association
The organizational meeting of the AAA would occur on March 4, 1902, but two days in adance, the story shown below was published:


 * Automobilists in Convention at Chicago"'The promoters of the plan advocate an interdependent federation of clubs to aid in the development, introduction, and use of motor vehicles. The contemplated premises for organization are, briefly, that all regularly constituted and active automobile clubs of acceptable repute be eligible to membership on an equitable basis of representation in all deliberative matters within the purview of the federation. ... the practical objects which it is believed may be attained by club co-operation are:
 * Protecting of the legal rights of automobile users.
 * Improvements of public highways
 * Development and introduction of the automobile
 * Equitable regulation of automobile racing and trials of endurance and efficiency
 * A medium for counsel and interchange of ... ideas and suggestions
 * When the Automobile Club of America offered its plan of affiliation last fall, there was general opposition, particularly on the part of the big clubs, and when the New York organization decided to abandon the plan, it very properly put the matter up to the opposing clubs, with the request that they issue any call that might be deemed necessary in order to properly launch a national organization. ..."

American Motor League
Originally formed in 1895... here are sources regarding the club and its formation:


 * Automobile Quarterly 1962: First on the Streets of Detroit"In 1895, King organized the American Motor League to promote better roads. On November 28, 1895, he participated in the Chicago Times-Herald auto race, conducted over a 50-mile, snow-covered route from Chicago to Evanston and back".


 * America adopts the automobile, 1895-1910:"The first automobile club in the United States was the American Motor League. Charles B. King suggested its organization in a letter of October 8, 1895, to the Chicago Times-Herald, and it was founded on November 1, 1895, shortly before the Times-Herald race. Charter members included King, the Duryeas, Elwood P. Haynes, and several other industrial pioneers.  This attempt to organize American motorists was premature, and the American Motor League failed to get off the ground."
 * American Motor League Will Meet:"... a meeting will be held at Chicago during the show of the American Motor League, which was organized at the time of the trials promoted by the Chicago Herald on Oct. 29, 1895."
 * Chicago History 1982 Fall & Winter
 * The Thanksgiving Day Race of 1895 (p, 49)
 * pp. 56-57: "... it is proposed to form a National Organization which will have as its object the furtherance of all details connected with this broad subject, and to hold stated meetings, when papers can be read and discussion follow as to the respective merits of all points in question. Such an organization is needed now, and upon its formation would meet with the hearty cooperation of the newspapers, the friends of good roads and the public at large. It is therefore proposed that such an organization be now formed and have as its name the AMERICAN MOTOR LEAGUE.  This title is broad and it is well suited to survive any change that the future may bring.""On November 29, 1895, the day following the great Chicago race, the new club was formed with Charles Duryea and Charles King among its officers. It had been Herman Kohlisaat's wish all along that the motorcar competition he had organized would be more than just a race.  It was."
 * Organization That is Patterned After Old Wheelemen's League:"A reorganization of the body that was formed in 1895 was perfected and officers elected Edwin F. Brown ... chosen President... First vice-president, Charles Duryea ..."

Bare bones of deleted page
(hidden text)

anti-vaxxers
The notion that philosophical freedom precludes measures designed to guard the public health (e.g. as to efforts to reduce the spread of a disease) is rampant silliness. If everybody dies, there is obviously no freedom left for anyone to enjoy. We have demonstrated our ability to control the spread of the disease, but a perfect protection cannot be provided instantaneously. To those who would say that we must not impose restrictions on the public because our tools are not perfect or because some people could be harmed, this response is nonsense. Communicability of disease is fact, we are not living in isolated communities, and the notion of a freedom that comes at the expense of widespread death and disease as requiring protection is nonsensical. Those who will demand a freedom that plausibly puts the public health at great risk cannot be tolerated.

Therefore, I present here those who proffer the right for such a nonsensical demand of freedom:


 * [https://modernagejournal.com/the-italian-prophets-of-elitism/235616/ The Italian Prophets of Elitism}

Automobile Club of America
Originally formed in 1899... here are sources regarding its formation:


 * America adopts the automobile, 1895-1910:"The Automobile Club of America was founded at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York City on June 7, 1899, by nine prominent New York automobilists and soon became the most powerful as well as the first successfully organized local automobile club in the United States. At its first regular meeting on October 16, 1899, the membership committee reported that 85 applications for membership had been received, 35 of which had been accepted. The ACA constitution proided for four classes of member -- honorary, life, active, and associate (that is, nonresident).  Honorary members were limited to 25 and active members to 400, but no limits were set for the number of associate or life members.  Committees were soon formed to initiate action on virtually everymatter of importance having to do with motor vehicles."

Broude and Greene
A few Wikipedia articles make reference to a paper by Gwen J. Broude and Sarah J. Greene. There are in fact two papers:
 * Cross-Cultural Codes on Twenty Sexual Attitudes and Practices (Ethnology, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Oct., 1976), pp. 409-429)
 * alternate link, pdf views in reverse page order (downloads as 3773308)
 * Jstor page with one-page preview
 * Jstor complete
 * Cross-Cultural Codes on Husband-Wife Relationships (Ethnology, Vol. 22; Iss. 3 (1983)) (dead link)
 * Jstor page with one-page preview
 * Jstor complete

Here are the articles that reference the "Broude and Greene" paper:
 * Arranged marriage: cites 1983 paper in revision of 20:58, 9 September 2013 (Cross-cultural codes on Husband-Wife Relationships), drops citation in revision of 02:43, 28 November 2018
 * resolution: reinstate a citation to the original source; note that source refers to 186 societies, while the WP article refers to 142 cultures, so marking it as failed verification (mea culpa if I have messed up on this)
 * History of homosexuality cites 1976 paper (as 1980!) in revision of 19:18, 13 July 2013 (Cross-Cultural Codes on Twenty Sexual Attitudes and Practices)
 * LGBT rights in Mongolia cites 1976 paper in revision of 04:29, 8 June 2018 (Cross-Cultural Codes on Twenty Sexual Attitudes and Practices)

Brown v. Board of Education reasoning
In the 04:56, 2 March 2019 revisionof Brown v. Board, it is stated "The Court did not address the case's issues regarding the high frequency with which the segregated educational facilities for black children in the cases were inferior in quality to those for white children, probably in part because some of the school districts involved had made improvements to their black schools to 'equalize' them with the quality of the white schools." This is cited to page 735 of the 2015 edition of Chemerinsky's "Constitutional Law: Principles and Policies"], which states, in pertinent part: "... the Court said that 'there are findings below that the Negro and white schools involved have been equalized, or are being equalilzed, with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers, and other 'tangible factors' Our decision, therefore, cannot turn on merely a comparison of those tangible factors in the Negro and white schools .. We must look instead to the effect of segregation itself on public education' ... The Court probably characterized the issue this way, in part, because there had been factual findings by some of the district courts of equalization between the black and white schools(footnote 105) and, in part, to reach the basic question: Is separate but equal constitutional in public education? ... the court stated the issue presented as 'Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race ... deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? The court answered ... that state-mandated segregation inherently stamps black children as inferior and impairs their educational opportunities.'"

This analysis omits the fact that in the 1951 Topeka case, the plaintiffs had in fact stipulated that the facilities were equal. This piece of information is at least as compelling as the claim that some school districts had taken steps to equalize the black schools with the white schools, for it implied that no matter how successful the defendants might be in providing equal facilities, it would not overcome the inequality inherent in "separate but equal" schools.

citations sometimes list editor for a different volume
See The Cambridge History of Africa.

Editors vary by volume, and it appears that citations often list the wrong editor.

Note there are about 400 articles on English Wikipeda that contain references to this set. French Wikipedia has another 100 articles and German Wikipedia has 50. A google search shows substantially larger numbers. Non-article pages don't seem to account for this difference.

As an example, on Mohamed Bach Hamba, the citation for volume 7 has had the wrong editor listed since the article was created in 2013, i.e. Michael Crowder rather than A. D. Roberts.

table of volumes
Volume number, title, and editors are as listed on the title page of each volume. Additional editors may be listed elsewhere in the front matter, e.g. reverse of title page. ISBN numbers are from Wikipedia article The Cambridge History of Africa.


 * Erroneous ISBN at OpenLibrary; volume 5 (item "OL4875409M) is available under the ISBN for volume 3 (and the cover for volume 2 is displayed), reported to OpenLibrary 2022-02-13
 * Item OL16476364W is correctly associated with the ISBN for volume 5, though cover displayed is volume 2.
 * A search at archive.org displays returns results for volumes 2, 3, 4, and 5. The metadata for each of these shows Openlibrary_edition OL4875409M Openlibrary_work OL16476364W.

Google Books links seem to provide acces to most of the content. Sugest using the "embed link" and either paging manually or modifying the desired page number in the link.

archive.org search fails to find volumes which are available on archive.org
A search on archive.org for "the cambridge history of africa" returns volumes 2, 3, 4, and 5.

I found volume 7 on OpenLibrary, which (nevertheless) provided the following archive.org link: https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory07robe (The Cambridge History of Africa/Volume 7/c.1905-c.1940).

So it seems that some things are out of whack.

articles with citations to correct

 * 1900s in Angola: extraneous editors listed
 * 1960s in Angola: volume not specified or implied
 * Ergamenes: volume not specified or implied, ISBN implies v.2, editor matches v.1
 * Gbara: wrong editor specified
 * Jean Ralaimongo: unusable link to defunct Cambridge Histories Online
 * Kasanje Kingdom: volume editor omitted
 * Second Madagascar expedition: volume not specified or implied

credit scoring quibbles

 * creditscoring.com This website purports to identify various misinformation about credit scores.
 * This website identifies many false, misleading, or perhaps merely confusing statements about credit scores.
 * Among the myths is a claim that "the FICO score first appeared in 1989."
 * Federal Reserve
 * Yet this source claims that FICO scores were "first used in 1958".

Additional links:
 * Credit Scoring and Its Effects on the Availability and Affordability of Credit

denial of voting rights
"We stuffed ballot boxes. We shot them. We are not ashamed of it.  With that system--force, tissue ballots, etc.-- we got tired ourselves.  So we called a constitutional convention, and we eliminated, as I have said, all of the colored people whom we could under the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments.'" "If the Democrats carry the legislature of West Virginia, what will happen to the colored people?"
 * A New Slavery: Colored Voters, Read This and Be Warned (Iowa State Bystander 9/21/1900, col 4) alternate link "Democratic leaders in West Virginia are very solitcitous of the negro vote. They profess great friendship for them. Let the negro look at what they do in Virginia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina and indeed all over the south with 'Jim Crow car' laws and disfranchisement of colored voters. Senator Tillman of South Carolina is close to Bryan and is a leader of what he said in the United States senate on Feb. 26, 1900: 'We have 125,000 negroes of voting age, and we had 100,000 whites.  Beat that by honest methods.  Yet you stood up here and insisted that we must give these people a 'free vote and a fair count.'  They had it for eight years'"

Equality Mississippi press releases
Equality Mississippi press releases are frequently available from sources such as glapn.org (commonly scarfed from sodomylaws.org). But the original form of the press release is available from wayback archive, e.g. http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.equalityms.org/*, though there is no direct mapping of the local portion of the url. It appears there are only 32 press release (i.e. in pdf format), though they go back to at least 2001.

Note this domain is currently "on offer" so best to grab these e.g. re-archive to archive.today.

press coverage
Here are pages which track press coverage of Equality Mississippi:


 * 2000 press coverage
 * 2001 press coverage
 * 2002 press coverage

Florida School for Boys subsequent investigation
At the end of Florida_School_for_Boys, the citation for the statement "... anthropologist Dr. Erin Kimmerle was going to return to investigate if anomolies [sic] discovered were, in fact, more graves" provides only the name of the person who made the statement, i.e. no publication is specified, much less a link. There is no information provided on this subsequent investigation.

The sources shown below document the presumed subsequent investigation, mostly all dated August 26 or August 27 (sometimes an update of the August 26 story). Many of these sources are duplicates. The suggestion is to review these stories, figure out what the salient points are to replace the vague statement about some "upcoming" investigation that is not otherwise documented in the current Wikipedia article.


 * ABC Action News: Former students worry LIDAR scans won't be enough to discover Dozier secrets
 * Orlando Sentinel (News Service of Florida): Search for bodies isn’t over at Florida’s infamous Dozier School for Boys
 * Palm Beach Post (News Service of Florida): Dozier School in Florida: Search continues for more graves
 * News Service of Florida: Dozier School in Florida: Search continues for more graves
 * News Chief: Search for bodies isn’t over at infamous Dozier School for Boys; remains of 3 Polk boys previously found
 * Florida Times-Union: Dozier School in Florida: Search continues for more graves
 * NWF Daily News: Dozier School in Florida: Search continues for more graves
 * WTSP 10 News: Search for bodies continues at the site of former Florida reform school
 * News4Jax: Search to continue for bodies at Panhandle reform school
 * FlaglerLive: Search for Bodies Will Continue at Dozier Reform School, Site of 55 Graves So Far
 * WLRN: Search To Continue For Bodies At Reform School
 * WGCU: USF Anthropologists Will Return To Infamous Dozier School, In Search Of Remains
 * WUSF: USF Anthropologists Will Return To Dozier School, In Search Of Remains
 * Tallahassee Democrat: Search for bodies will continue at Dozier School for Boys after initial test turns up nothing

Foreign Policy World's Fastest-Growing Religions
The long sad story is that Foreign Policy published a story titled "The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions" in the May 14, 2007 issue, which has been linked from a dozen or more articles; the original link now returns a 404 page, but there is a new live link. In some cases, the link has been replaced by an unrelated link (bellbookandcandlepublications.com). The best rendering is actually available as an archive of the original link.


 * original link: https://foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3835 (now dead)
 * live link: https://foreignpolicy.com/2007/05/14/the-list-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religions/
 * best rendering: https://web.archive.org/web/20070531231438/https://foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3835

Here are known articles referencing this story:
 * Baháʼí Faith by country
 * Christianity and science
 * Christian population growth
 * Christians
 * Demographics of the world
 * Growth of religion
 * Islam by country
 * Islam in Africa
 * Major religious groups
 * Muslim population growth
 * Outline of Sikhism
 * Religion in Africa
 * Religion in Asia
 * Sub-Saharan Africa
 * Traditional African religions

fornication and the common law

 * Reception of English Common Law in the American Colonies
 * 'A new conductor generalis
 * American Law Reglster
 * American Law Register
 * At the Magistrate's Discretion: Sexual Crime and New England Law, 1636-1718
 * "... all sexual acts outside the marriage bed were considered crimes in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries"

Grand Central Terminal substation

 * M42 (sub-basement)
 * A Mammoth Move: Relocating the 50th Street Substation (IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, July/August 2014)
 * 100 Feet Below the Sidewalks of New York: Grand Central Substation (magazine advertisement)
 * Grand Central Terminal's Clandestine Substation (NYC Urbanism)
 * A Mammoth Move: Relocating the 50th Street Substation (IEEE Power and Energy Magazine}
 * Power and Heat for the Grand Central Terminal Area (Railway Age, March15, 1930)

Graysville Melungeons
The Graysville Melungeons was published in Tennessee Anthropologist vol. 4 (1979).

An abstract is also available.

Full title is "The Graysville Melungeons: A Tri-Racial People in Lower East Tennessee."

Referenced in Melungeon.

Other papers posted at melungeon.org are referenced in various articles:
 * Chestnut Ridge people
 * Dominickers
 * Holmes County, Florida
 * Monacan Indian Nation
 * Redbone (ethnicity)
 * We-Sorts

greg king (author)

 * Greg's description of his early interest in the Romanov's (along with comments by co-author Penny Wilson)
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20150923145142/http://forum.alexanderpalace.org/index.php?topic=30.30
 * note that citation had been removed by JoelleJay at 23:44, 29 November 2021
 * Press Release: New Editor-in-Chief Appointed – Welcome Greg King!!!
 * http://erhj.blogspot.com/2013/07/eurohistory-new-editor-in-chief.html
 * Book Review: “Resurrection of the Romanovs” by Greg King and Penny Wilson
 * https://persephonemagazine.com/2012/05/book-review-resurrection-of-the-romanovs-by-greg-king-and-penny-wilson/
 * Tragedies at sea: Outstanding historical writing (The Mercury (Manhattan, Kansas))
 * https://archive.ph/20211210222323/https://themercury.com/features/library-column-tragedies-at-sea-outstanding-historical-writing/article_e3e7e36b-09a9-5910-b679-9f6487e462eb.html
 * Coffee’s Dark History, the Sinking of the World’s Most Glamorous Ship and Other New Books to Read
 * https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/coffees-dark-history-sinking-worlds-most-glamorous-ship-and-other-new-books-read-180974635/
 * Why no nation would rescue Nicholas II and his family from revolutionary Russia
 * https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/why-no-nation-would-rescue-nicholas-ii-and-his-family-from-revolutionary-russia/2018/08/02/bf5fcf0e-6a77-11e8-bea7-c8eb28bc52b1_story.html
 * The Mad King: The Life and Times of Ludwig II of Bavaria
 * https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-55972-362-6
 * King and Wilson archived website
 * Atlantis Magazine: Special "Fate of the Romanovs" Issue: On-Line Edition
 * https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kingandwilson.com/fotrextras/*
 * Fate of the Romanovs: An On-Line Resource, Including Previously Unpublished Historical Documents
 * https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kingandwilson.com/FOTRresources/*
 * Atlantis Magazine: In The Courts of Memory
 * https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kingandwilson.com/AtlantisArticles/*
 * Book Reviews
 * https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kingandwilson.com/BookReviews/*
 * Romanovs Filmography
 * https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kingandwilson.com/filmography/*
 * Nothing But The Night
 * publication date: 20 September 2022
 * Nothing But the Night explores the murder trial of Leopold & Loeb.

Hebdo killings

 * POLICE CHIEF INVESTIGATING CHARLIE HEBDO ATTACK REPORTEDLY COMMITS SUICIDE (modify "info-wars" to "infowars" in wayback link)

Huxman and Brown v. Board

 * Brown v. Board of Education (UMKC School of Law)
 * The Brown v. Board Of Education Of Topeka trial: An Account (Famous Trials)
 * Brown v. Board of Education, District Court (NPS)
 * The Constitution, Courts and Public Schools (Yale)
 * The Brown Decision. Fact or Myth in Connecticut? (Yale)
 * With an Even Hand: Brown v. Board at Fifty (Library of Congress)
 * Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy (James Patterson)
 * A Historical and Social Perspective on Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka with Present and Future Implications alternate link (Hugh W. Speer, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare)
 * p. 82 In a recorded interview, Huxman stated:
 * "The Supreme Court had ducked (the issue).. I intended to put the question up there so they’d have a little difficulty getting around it."
 * Jack Greenberg comments on Huxman (in Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy)
 * Huxman wrote the district court's decision with the intention of putting the Supreme Court "on the spot" regarding the need to overturn Plessy.

Summarizing the logic of the Brown v. Board decision (non-citable source):
 * Given the finding of material equality in physical facilities, the Court concluded that no feasible remedy existed within the framework of "separate but equal" to rectify the constitutional violations caused by segregation. Consequently, the Court determined that the only appropriate course of action was to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson and declare segregation in public education unconstitutional.


 * Huxman sided with the African American plaintiffs (John Brown to Bob Dole: movers and shakers in Kansas history)
 * As presiding judge on the three-judge federal district court panel that tried Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in June 1951, Judge Huxman sided with the African American plaintiffs...

John von Neumann 1966 documentary
Here are links to the 1966 documentary, allegedly property of American Mathematical Society:


 * YouTube (All Realms Revealed)
 * YouTube (David Hoffman)
 * YouTube (Fadi Akil)
 * YouTube (lemmuz) (archived copy)

List of Duke University people: Gates foundation gift for DukeEngage
This citation supports the claim of a gift from the Gates Foundation to fund the DukeEngage program.


 * original
 * http://media.www.dukechronicle.com/media/storage/paper884/news/2007/02/13/News/Dukeengage.Launches-2716017.shtml
 * dead
 * wayback copy
 * http://web.archive.org/web/20070611153412/http://media.www.dukechronicle.com/media/storage/paper884/news/2007/02/13/News/Dukeengage.Launches-2716017.shtml
 * link to 2nd page is broken
 * original story
 * https://issuu.com/dukechronicleprintarchives/docs/the_chronicle_2007-02-13_sm
 * digitized newspaper is inconvenient to use
 * download is subject to restrictions
 * alternate story: today.duke.edu
 * https://today.duke.edu/showcase/engage/release.html
 * alternate story: nytimes.com
 * https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/13/education/13service.html
 * alternate story: gatesfoundation.org
 * https://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases/2007/02/Duke-University-Civic-Engagement-Initiative
 * alternate story: dukengage.duke.edu
 * https://dukeengage.duke.edu/about-dukeengage/milestones/

List of Duke University people: Gates foundation gift for AIDS research
This citation supports the claim of a $46.5 million gift from the Gates Foundation in 2006 to fund AIDS research.


 * original
 * http://www.dukechronicle.com/media/storage/paper884/news/2006/08/25/News/Duke-Nets.46.5m.For.Aids.Research-2240337.shtml?norewrite200608272254&sourcedomain=www.dukechronicle.com
 * wayback copy
 * http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.dukechronicle.com/media/storage/paper884/news/2006/08/25/News/Duke-Nets.46.5m.For.Aids.Research-2240337.shtml?norewrite200608272254&sourcedomain=www.dukechronicle.com
 * links redirect to non-functional url
 * original story
 * https://issuu.com/dukechronicleprintarchives/docs/the_chronicle_2007-02-13_sm
 * digitized newspaper is inconvenient to use
 * download is subject to restrictions
 * alternate story: dallasvoice.com
 * https://www.dallasvoice.com/international-aids-expert-to-head-duke-institute-on-global-health-1021463.html

Mein Kampf in Arabic translator
Luis al-Haj is credited as the translator of the 1963 translation of Mein Kampf in Arabic. He goes by several aliases/spelling variations:
 * Luis al Haj
 * Luis al Hajj
 * Luis al Hadj
 * Louis El-Hage
 * Ounsi el-Hajj (identified as the son of Louis El-Hage)
 * Luis/louis Heiden (disputed)

Murder of Charles Gale
On March 2, 1901, a person by the name of Charles Gale (originally identified as George Gale) went into the Peniel Mission Restaurant at 39 Bowery in New York City, and ordered some food. When done, he indicated he was unable to pay the check of six cents. As reports have it, 4 restaurant employees beat him up, such harsh treatment evidently being the custom in this neighborhood for customers unable to pay, in order to discourage restaurants from being cheated.

Gale died shortly thereafter, evidently as a result of the beating. Two of the employees who beat him were tried for murder, but they were convicted for assault only, on the theory that Gale had died due to a heart problem. The two employees each received a one-year jail sentence.

sources:


 * Waterbury Democrat (Connecticut), March 2, 1901 col. 4
 * Beat Him To Death
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn93053725/1901-03-02/ed-1/seq-1/


 * The Providence news, March 02, 1901 col.6
 * Ate 6 Cents Worth and Was Killed
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn91070630/1901-03-02/ed-1/seq-1/


 * Alexandria Gazette, March 2, 1901
 * Unable to Pay, Was Beaten to Death
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85025007/1901-03-02/ed-1/seq-2


 * The Evening World, March 2,1901 (col 2)
 * Man Killed for 6 Cents
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1901-03-02/ed-1/seq-8/


 * New York Times, March 3, 1901.
 * Killed in a Bowery Mission Restaruant: Man Beaten by Employees Because He Couldn't Pay Six Cents
 * https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/03/03/101069841.pdf


 * St. Louis Republic, March 3, 1901. Page 4, col. 2
 * Failed to Pay and was Killed
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84020274/1901-03-03/ed-1/seq-4/


 * The Times (Richmond, VA). March 3, 1901 col 4
 * For Six Cents: Man is Beaten to Deatho n the New York Bowery
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85034438/1901-03-03/ed-1/seq-8/


 * New-York Tribune, March 4, 1901. Page 5, col. 6
 * Autopsy on Man Killed
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-03-04/ed-1/seq-5/


 * New York Times, March 4, 1901. page 1, col. 1
 * Autopsy on Bowery Restaurant Victim
 * https://archive.org/details/sim_new-york-times_1901-03-04_50_15960/page/n11/


 * Highland Recorder, March 8, 1901 col. 3
 * Beaten to Death for Six Cents
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn95079246/1901-03-08/ed-1/seq-1/


 * The Abbeville Press and Banner. April 3, 1901 col.2
 * Killed for a Six-Cent Lunch
 * https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026853/1901-04-03/ed-1/seq-7/


 * New York Times, June 21, 1901. Page 13, col. 5
 * Verdict Surprised the Court; Was Assault in Third Degree Against Man Accused of Murder
 * https://archive.org/details/sim_new-york-times_1901-06-21_50_16054/page/n13/


 * The Worker, June 30, 1901. Page 2, col. 3
 * It is very fitting that the men who ... (no headline; first line of story)
 * Story makes reference to Hugh O. Pentecost.
 * https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/pubs/the-people-the-worker/010630-worker-v11n13.pdf

National Motorists Association
There are three distinct organizations that use or have used this name:
 * National Motorists Association operating in the U.K.
 * National Motorists Association in the U.S., operating from approximately 1922 to 1924 and possibly beyond (the successor organization, American Motorists Association, is included with this organization)
 * National Motorists Association in the U.S., started in 1982 as Citizens’ Coalition for Rational Traffic Laws

The interest here is in the association that formed in 1922 as a splinter group of local auto clubs  affiliated with American Automobile Association and which, a couple of years later, was purportedly re-united with AAA after AAA agreed to modifications of its governance and operations, but this is disputed. (When doing an exact search on the organization, be aware it's often identified as National Motorist Association.)


 * Motorists Organize Great Association (5/18/1922)
 * Motor Trade Doings (9/17/1922, section VII, page 7, col.4)
 * There's nothing interesting here, it merely announces the release of the N.M.A. radiator emblem, but this is listed here to save the effort of trying to locate the source when it comes up on a search.
 * New Traffic Troubles in Cities of Many States (12/29/1923)
 * Explains plan to call a convention of police from 12 cities to establish uniform motor laws. No mention of participation by other motorist organizations.
 * Maine State Automobile Association Joins With the National Motorists Association (2/21/1924)
 * Big National Motoring Organizations in Merger (3/1/1924)
 * Serving the Motorist The Work of the National Motorists' Association (The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 11/1924)
 * Motor Clubs Should Be Leading Groups, N.M.A. Head Declares (6/14/1925)
 * This article advocates that touring information should be provided to motorists regardless of automobile club membership.
 * Two Auto Bodies Will Continue To Function Apart (9/15/1925)
 * American Motorists Association (8/25/1927)
 * This reports the organizational meeting of American Motorists Association as the successor to National Motorists Association, which purportedly "ended as a separate entity" in July 1924.  Newspaper stories of the AMA continue to appear through 1936 and even later, but with little mention of affiliated state or local associations.
 * Extra-Slow Driving Urged Near Schools (10/4/1931)
 * The A.M.A. advocates for low speed limits in school zones.
 * In the Motor World (6/18/1933)
 * A.M.A. remains active as late as 1933, introducing individual memberships.
 * When Cities Made Monuments to Traffic Deaths (Bloomberg, 6/10/2022)
 * This mentions the N.M.A. only incidentally, objecting to the "safety monuments" as memorials to stupidity.

These links will help locate newspaper stories referencing "National Motorists Association" and the successor name of "American Motorists Association":
 * Chronicling America search for National Motorists Association
 * California Newspaper search for National Motorists Association
 * Chronicling America search for American Motorists Association
 * California Newspaper search for American Motorists Association

Nebraska Studies
The "Nebraska Studies" website was restructured at some point, e.g. urls referring to generally the same content were changed from being based on section numbers (or something along those lines) to a textual description. It seems that dysfunctional redirects are implemented, breaking many or most of the Wayback links. There are also some discrepancies, e.g. content relating to events happening in 1909 is mentioned in a section that's sometimes called "after World War I". Sigh.


 * Racial Tensions in Nebraska after World War I
 * formerly titled: Racial Tensions in Omaha
 * live url: http://www.nebraskastudies.org/en/1900-1924/racial-tensions/
 * preferred url: https://archive.today/20120911040602/http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0700/stories/0701_0130.html
 * even in this preferred url, the text "Racial Tensions in Nebraska after World War I" appears
 * to reduce confusion, suggest specifying the more accurate title of "Racial Tensions in Omaha"

Note there are somewhere around 90 articles citing Nebraska Studies.... one down, 89 to go.

newspaper clippings

 * California Five Views An Ethnic Sites Survey
 * Native Sons of the Golden West
 * Ruth Roemer obituary
 * Ruth Roemer

Notes on the Network
Notes on the Network identifies a small set of documents about the design of the telephone network. Links to these documents are generally available at http://explodingthephone.com/docs.php ... a searchable index can be accessed at http://explodingthephone.com/search.php ... Other sources include the document repository at https://www.telephonecollectors.info/ and archive.org.

Hopefully, this section will get updated to include working links to each of the pertinent documents.

This is from The History of Phone Phreaking website:


 * Notes on Distance Dialing and its predecessors and successors
 * Technical -- Notes on Distance Dialing and its predecessors and successors
 * General Switching Plan for Telephone Service, 1930 (1 Mbyte)
 * Nationwide Operator Toll Dialing, 1945 (3 Mbytes)
 * Notes on Nationwide Dialing, 1955 (7 Mbytes)
 * Notes on Distance Dialing, 1956 (9 Mbytes)
 * Notes on Distance Dialing, 1968 (15 Mbytes)
 * Notes on Distance Dialing, 1975 (21 Mbytes)
 * Notes on The Network, 1980 (29 Mbytes)

The Exploding the Phone website is essentially a migrated version of History of Phone Phreaking, but if you want to look at the available content without being limited to the navigation pages provided, you may want to look at the wayback archive of History of Phone Phreaking. It can be tedious to do that, but at least you know you can see all the files there (unless Wayback missed some files when crawling it). If you want to navigate the "phone phreaking" website, you need to start from a pre-2013 link from the Wayback copy of the historyofphonephreaking home page.

racial segregation in the united states
This fails to integrate information about "pupil placement laws", which were enacted by various states with the practical effect of ignoring the integration required by "brown v. board".

religion in the public schools references

 * Pew Research: Religion in the Public Schools
 * Religion’s Legal Place in the Schoolhouse
 * California's Hindu Textbook Controversy: Redefining Hindu American Identity
 * Fateh! New NC State Standards for Social Studies Move Forward

revisionisthistory.com redirected incorrectly
These should be getting redirected to pushkin.fm.

In Brown v. Board of Education, http://revisionisthistory.com/episodes/13-miss-buchanans-period-of-adjustment should redirect to https://www.pushkin.fm/podcasts/revisionist-history/miss-buchanans-period-of-adjustment.

Rockville Press
The rockvillepress.com website is dead, but there is some potentially interesting archived content, described as being "sampled text from Charles Darwin Slept Here:


 * Publication Announcement
 * Index
 * A Galapagos Timeline
 * A Patagonian Timeline
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20131005004013/http://www.rockvillepress.com/GIANTS/PDF/11-MISSION.PDF Chapter 1: Magellan Finds His Strait]
 * Chapter 7: The Second Voyage of the Beagle
 * Chapter 9: The Geography of Herman Melville
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005004013/http://www.rockvillepress.com/GIANTS/PDF/11-MISSION.PDF Chapter 11: Mission to Patagonia
 * Chapter 13: Death at San Julian
 * Chapter 15: Margret and the Baroness
 * Chapter 18: Who Killed the Iguanas?
 * Detailed Description of the Straits of Magellan
 * The Literary Life of the Late Thomas Pennant
 * A Description of Patagonia ...
 * Navigation and Voyage ... from Seville to Maluco ...
 * An Autobiographical Fragment
 * Sketch of the Surveying Voyages ...
 * Other Positions
 * Australis Details
 * Australis Itinerary
 * Australis Darwin Lecture Series
 * Fakes, Facsimiles and Forgeries
 * Purchase Details
 * HMS Beagle Surveys
 * Herman Moll 1726
 * Rio Santa Cruz
 * Hassler Glacier in the Straits of Magellan
 * Francis Albo's Log Book
 * Simone de Alcazaba Expedition
 * Duke of Argyll's Great Lesson
 * England, Azores, and Cape Verde Islands]
 * Joseph Banks' Journal
 * Navigation and Voyage ... from Seville to Maluco
 * Second Voyage of HMS Beagle
 * Letter to the King of Portugal
 * Burney's History of the Voyages and Discoveries

Sidney Poitier overlooked
These are notes suitable to recover the overlooked obituary of Sidney Poitier. The challenge of these overlooked obituaries is that the links provided by the "overlooked" obituary aren't necessarily working.


 * Rare, Early Glimpses of Sidney Poitier
 * January 25, 1959: A 'Defiant One' Becomes a Star
 * February 15, 1964: Poitier Reflects on Oscar Victory
 * February 28, 1989: Sidney Poitier on 40 Years of Change (Michael E. Ross)
 * April 16, 2000: Sidney Poitier's Demons (Brent Staples)

Steele Dossier wikilinks to add

 * Ben Schreckinger
 * Bill Neely
 * Deborah Haynes
 * Digby (blogger) (Heather Digby Parton)
 * Jack Shafer
 * Jennifer Jacobs
 * Michael D. Shear
 * Mike Leonard (journalist)
 * Rosie Gray

Stephanie Wildman sources

 * Critical race feminism: a reader (via archive.org) (includes "The Legacy of Doubt ...")
 * Privilege Revealed: How Invisible Preference Undermines America (via archive.org) [anthology]
 * Privilege revealed: how invisible preference undermines America (via openlibrary.org)
 * The Legacy of Doubt: Treatment of Sex and Race in the Hill-Thomas Hearings (via digitalcommons)
 * The Legacy of Doubt: Treatment of Sex and Race in the Hill-Thomas Hearings (via academia.edu)

contents of "Privilege Revealed: How Invisible Preference Undermines America":
 * Making Systems of Privilege Visible
 * Privilege in the Workplace: The Missing Element in Antidiscrimination Law
 * Privileges in Residential Housing
 * Privilege and the Media: Treatment of Sex and Race in the Hill-Thomas Hearings Create a Legacy of Doubt
 * Obscuring the Importance of Race: The Implication of Making Comparisons Between Racism and Sexism (or Other Isms)
 * The Dream of Diversity and the Cycle of Exclusion
 * The Quest for Justice: The Rule of Law and Invisible Systems of Privilege
 * Teaching and Learning toward Transformation: The Role of the Classroom in Noticing Privilege

sex education pamphlet
Newspaper stories on the charges file against Mary Dennett for distribution of her pamphlet "The Sex Side of Life":


 * Elderly Scientific Woman Fined $300 for Sex Pamphlet (The Washington Times, April 29, 1929)
 * Sex Author is Fined $300 By U.S. Judge (Indianapolis Times, April 29, 1929)
 * Move to Save Mrs. Dennett from Jail (The Washington times, April 30, 1929)

telecom sources
This is just a tiny handful of random telecom sources.


 * Nationwide Operator Toll Dialing
 * http://doc.telephonecollectors.info/dm/47_48_BTM_win_p180_Nationwide_Operator_Toll_Dialing.pdf
 * Numbering Plan Area Codes 1997 Update (PL-NANP-038)
 * https://nationalnanpa.com/pdf_previous/08_02_99/pl_nanp_038.pdf
 * Automatic Switching for Nationwide Telephone Service (BSTJ September 1952)
 * https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Bell-System-Technical-Journal/50s/Bell-1952-sep.o.pdf
 * Two 1A ESS COs to be Replaced in 2010 (Telecom Digest Vol 29 Issue 40)
 * http://telecom-digest.org/telecom-archives/archives/back.issues/recent.single.issues/archive2.php?volume=29&issue=040
 * Now For Something Completely The Same (#1AESS Retirement)
 * http://position-light.blogspot.com/2017/04/now-for-something-completely-same-1aess.html
 * Western Electric/Lucent Modern Telephone Switching Systems
 * https://telephoneworld.org/telephone-switching-systems/western-electric-lucent-modern-telephone-switching-systems/
 * Nokia Support Portal: 1AESS Nokia No Longer Provides Support
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20180615110958/https://support.alcatel-lucent.com/portal/web/support/product-result?productId=null&entryId=1-0000000000314
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20161004152223/https://support.alcatel-lucent.com/portal/web/support/product-result?productId=null&entryId=1-0000000000314
 * Nationwide Numbering Plan (BSTJ Volume 31 Issue 5)
 * https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6771009
 * Nokia Support Portal Welcome Page
 * https://customer.nokia.com/support/s/
 * Phrack Inc.
 * http://phrack.org/issues/25/3.html
 * Odessa: Last 1AESS Switch Taken Out of Service
 * https://telephoneworld.org/telephone-switching-systems/western-electric-lucent-modern-telephone-switching-systems/
 * http://cd.textfiles.com/hackersencyc/PHREAK/SYSINFO/ESS04.HTM
 * http://position-light.blogspot.com/2017/04/now-for-something-completely-same-1aess.html
 * Switching it up: Bidding farewell to a network workhorse (RCR Wireless)
 * https://www.rcrwireless.com/20171109/network-infrastructure/switching-bidding-farewell-network-workhorse
 * UnderUnderstood: A Conspiracy Theory About Area Codes
 * https://underunderstood.com/podcast/episode/area-code-conspiracy-theory/
 * first off, if the claims made in this source were true, it would be an "urban legend", not a "conspiracy theory", which is enough to cast serious doubt on the neutrality of this source
 * this also contains a link to the spreadsheet containing details on the area codes: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1UcQnSlZFMWoZZH3z6BO6DxGT4PAuI_b4v5QqSDYgf18/edit?usp=sharing
 * Note that Minnesota should be listed with area codes 218 and 612, but only 218 is listed and it is identified as a single-area code state
 * The conspiracy claim relies on claims made about correlations between population and area code weight (i.e. number of clicks); aside from this error in their data, they do not discuss methodology
 * examples of methodology issues:
 * there is no indication that single-code and multi-code states were done differently
 * it would be appropriate for the analysis to be based on ranks rather than raw values, since the hypothesis is (in essence) that the largest population area gets assigned to the lowest-weight area code.
 * of course, there can be an indefinite number of alternative explanations for how area codes were assigned, but given the ambiguity of the situation, such observations can only constitute theories.
 * first direct-dialed coast-to-coast call
 * pre-announcement: Dial-It-Yourself Gets First Tryout (Evening Star, 11/4/1951, p. C-12, col 2)
 * Coast-to-Coast Phone Dialing Inaugurated (Evening Star, 11/10/1951, p. A-22, col 8)
 * 1951: First Direct-Dial Transcontinental Telephone Call
 * As published on the AT&T website... whoops, they got the mayor's name wrong
 * Start Long Distance Dial Service (The Daily Record, 11/21/1951, p. 2, col 6)
 * Swapped which mayor dialed the other
 * coverage in Australian newspapers
 * Cables In Brief (Advertiser, 11/11/1951)
 * First Trunkline Dialled Call (Northern Star, 11/12/1951)
 * Dialed Trunk Calls in U.S. (Daily Telegraph, 11/12/1951)
 * 3000 Mile Dial Call (Glen Innes Examiner, 11/12/1951)

Texas age of consent discussions

 * Special:Permalink/1123697103 (Talk:Ages of consent in the United States#Texas)

The Comics Journal

 * Jack Kirby (5/23/2011)
 * Steven Arnold (1/22/2024)

Upton Tea
Upton Tea has a number of archived pages about tea. There are 3 or 4 articles on enwiki referencing these pages, which may need to be updated to point to archived versions. There's some sort of discrepancy betwen the "issue number" when the content was provided and the "current" issue number from which it's linked. There are also some pages which give a table of contents or something similar. Need to update this with details.

Wikipedia as a court source
The idea that a court would accept Wikipedia content as a valid source struck me as quite alarming, given what seems the comparative ease with which one can post erroneous content, without the content necessarily being verified or otherwise validated.


 * Wikipedia as a court source
 * Wikipedia Signpost/2006-07-03/Wikipedia cited by the England and Wales High Court
 * Wikipedia Signpost/2007-01-29/Court citations
 * Wikipedia Signpost/2012-08-20/In the news
 * Wikipedia Signpost/2017-08-05/In the media
 * Wikipedia in judicial opinions