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On May 10, 1943, a devastating fire took place at the National Library of Peru. Over a hundred thousand bound volumes were lost, together with most of the large collection of manuscripts and many maps and geographical works belonging to the Lima Geographical Society. (Kilgour, 1945)

In 1983, Peru's national library appointed a new director Franklin Pease García Yrigoyen. "In his management, he highlights the promulgation of Supreme Decree No. 33-83-ED, which creates the National Library System as an executing body, dependent on the Ministry of Education, which provides the institutional framework for the management of libraries in the country." (For citation verification, Google translate is offered)

The National Library of Peru symbolizes more than a center knowledge and information. The National Library of Peru history is intertwined with the history of Peruvian independence. "The creation of the National Library of Peru is closely linked to the Liberator José de San Martín, who signed a decree on August 28, 1821 -just one month after the declaration of Peruvian independence- through which the National Library of Peru. A year later, on September 17, 1822, its inauguration was completed with a bibliographic collection of 11,256 volumes." (For citation verification, Google translate is offered)

Like many national libraries, the National Library of Peru received much of its collection through donations from religious groups, private collectors and prominent historical figures. "Most of the books came from the collection of the Jesuits and other religious orders, as well as private donations. But the most significant donation came from the Liberator Don José de San Martín who got rid of his personal collection." (For citation verification, Google translate is offered)

The National Library of Peru suffered two major catastrophes in history. After the War of the Pacific, Chilean forces occupied Lima, Peru, which led to the destruction of Library material like manuscripts and maps etc. The second event was the fire in 1943 which also saw destruction to many of the libraries material. However, the National Library of Peru prides itself on being a leading leading library in South America in being a modern library which focuses on new practices as well as the old. "In 2006 the new premises of the BNP were inaugurated. This building is considered one of the most modern and functional in Latin America. Currently, it continues to guarantee access to information for research, scientific and technological development, and reader enjoyment. In addition to maintaining the integrity of the bibliographic documentary material." (For citation verification, Google translate is offered)