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The recombinant clones can be further analyzed by isolating and purifying small amounts of plasmid DNA from the transformed colonies and restriction enzymes can be used to cut the clone and determine if it has the fragment of interest. If the DNA is necessary to be sequenced, the plasmids from the colonies will need to be isolated at a point, whether to cut using restriction enzymes or performing other assays.

The constant is not affected by the concentration or purity of an enzyme. The value of  is dependent on both the enzyme and the substrate, as well as conditions such as temperature and pH.

GFP Tagging
X-gal is an expensive material, thus other methods have been developed in order to screen bacteria. GFP tagging is a technique that has been develop as a viable alternative. The concept is similar to α-complementation in which a DNA insert can disrupt the coding sequence within a vector and thus disrupt the GFP production resulting in non-fluorescing bacteria. Bacteria that have recombinant vectors (vector + insert), will be white and not express the GFP protein, while non-recombinant (vector), will and fluoresce under UV light.