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Patrick Manson
Patrick Manson (1844–1922), Scottish physician, who showed that insects are responsible for the spread of diseases such as elephantiasis and malaria. Born in Oldmeldrum, in the former county of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Manson studied at the University of Aberdeen before spending 23 years practicing medicine in East Asia. Returning to the United Kingdom in 1892, he founded the School of Tropical Medicine in London in 1899 and taught there until 1914.

In 1876 Manson began studying the varieties of filariasis infection in humans. Having gained a clear idea of the life history of the invading parasite, a threadworm known as Filaria, he correctly conjectured that the disease was transmitted by a common species of mosquito. He went on to study other parasitic infections, including ringworm, guinea worm disease, and diseases caused by the fluke parasite. In 1894 Manson proposed that mosquitoes might also be responsible for the spread of malaria, and he later collaborated with British physician Ronald Ross in performing the work that proved this hypothesis.