User:Flibble/Texas Instruments TMS1000



TMS1000 is the name of a family of 4-bit - microcontrollers made by Texas Instruments. Introduced in 1974, the family includes the ICs TMS1000, TMS1070, TMS1100, TMS1200, TMS1270 and TMS1300. As the first single IC complete computer the TMS1000 and its successors had very many applications, eg. As control systems, as well as household appliances and games. The method known from the 1980s electronic game machine Simon was realized based on the TMS1000.

Development
Gary Boone and Michael Cochran developed the TMS1000 which was first used in Texas Instruments SR 10 calculator in 1972, but was not marketed as a product on its own until 1974. Thus it appeared later than the Intel 4004, which is commonly referred to as the first microprocessor. The TMS1000 is considered the first true microcontroller (computer on a chip).

Features
As microcontroller ICs the TMS1000 family contains both a microprocessor and ROM (1 Kilobytein TMS1000, TMS1070, TMS1200 and TMS1270; 2 kilobytes in TMS1100 and TMS1300) and RAM (64 x 4 bits in TMS1000, TMS1070, TMS1200 and TMS1270; 128 x 4 bits at TMS1100 and TMS1300) and other functions such as counters, timers, I / O interfaces that were typically implemented at the time in separate ICs.

The ICs had two general purpose registers of 4 bits size and 43 (or 54 in TMS1100 / TMS1300) commands comprehensive instruction set, as well as a comprehensive one element stack, a shift register - instruction counter, but no interrupts.

TMS1200, TMS1270 and TMS1300 correspond TMS1000, TMS1070 and TMS1100, but had more output ports; former encased in housings with 28 pins, the latter with 40. TMS1070 and TMS1270 could directly higher voltage driven display elements are connected.

Applications

 * The TMS 1000 NL 3228 serves as a processor for a doorbell with 14 melodies.
 * The TMS 1000 NL 3227 controls a game (with seven-segment display), in which a four-digit combination to guess needs. It is a four digits, and the computer responds with two figures on how many digits are correct and in addition are in the right place as many.
 * The TMS 1000 L0011 controls the table model of the Berlin clock.
 * The Texas Instruments Little Professor calculator.
 * Gakken - FX System.
 * The Gakken - GMC-4 educational computer.
 * Texas Instruments TI-35 TP0324-4N scientific calculator.
 * Milton Bradley - Microvision.
 * Milton Bradley - Simon.
 * Milton Bradley - Big Trak.
 * Hornby - Zero 1 Digital train control system.
 * Texas Instruments SR-10 calculator TMS0120NC THIS IS NOT A TMS1000 series, but a TMS0xxx calculator on chip
 * Texas Instruments SR-16 calculator - http://www.seanriddle.com/ticalcs.html


 * Texas Instruments TI-2550-II
 * Texas Instruments TI-2550-III
 * Texas Instruments TI-1200
 * (SR-40P) prototype only
 * TI-5050M
 * Kosmos2
 * TI-5050
 * TI-5200
 * TI-5220
 * Canon L1632
 * Speak and Spell (with a synthesizer chip and ROMs containing the speech)

Quellen

 * http://www.antiquetech.com/?page_id=721
 * http://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/TMS1000/index.html
 * http://www.nyx.net/~lturner/public_html/TMS1000.html
 * http://www.tcocd.de/History/History_de.shtml#1970