User:Frcarran1295/sandbox

Hypomethylation of LINES is associated with chromosomal instability and altered gene expression and is found in various cancer cell types in various tissues types. Hypomethylation of a specific L1 located in the MET onco gene is associated with bladder cancer tumorogenesis.

Adding this to the Long interspersed nuclear elements page.

Cancer Epigentics

Parasitic repetitive sequences and centromeres are repressed through methylation

Expression of some repetitive sequences and meiotic recombination at centromeres are repressed through methylation

Under the DNA methylation section.

"The entire genome of a cancerous cell contains significantly less methylcytosine than the genome of a healthy cell. In fact, cancer cell genomes have 20-50% less methylation at individual CpG dinucleotides across the genome." CpG islands found in promoter regions are usually protected from DNA methylation. In cancer cells CpG islands are hypermethylated The regions flanking CpG islands called CpG island shores are where most DNA methylation occurs in the CpG dinucleotide context. Cancer cells are deferentially methylated at CpG island shores. In cancer cells, hypermethylation in the CpG island shores move into CpG islands, or hypomethylation of CpG islands move into CpG island shores eliminating sharp epigenetic boundaries between these genetic elements.

Exercise: adding a citation

In the cancer epigenetics article under DNA methylation, third paragraph down is the paragraph I would like to add to. The article has no mention of methylation in L1s promotes bladder cancer The article just briefly mentions the effect of hypomethylation of transposable elements contributing to geneomic instability, it does not talk about the most common transpoable elements that causes cancer, LINES. A study found hypomethylation of LINES in various types of cancer and various types of tissues, and it correlated with microsatellite instability

Evaluate an Article Histone Modifying Enzymes


 * This would be a good article to contribute to, It is considered mid importance, but is a stub.
 * The article lists 9 histone modifications, but only has 3 links to enzymes.
 * A lot of the sources are outdated and over ten years old.
 * The talk page doesn't seem to have any recent activity.
 * Includes an informative figure that gives good background on the types of ways histones can be modified.
 * It is neutrally written
 * Could use more information about specific classes of enzymes that perform these modifications.

Article Selection

Cancer Epigentics

This page is well done. All of the information that is there is properly cited and detailed. I noticed content missing about the role of differential methylation of repetitive elements and the role they play in carcinogenesis.

Article Evaluation Histone Methylation


 * Gives good background on conditions associated with histone methylation.
 * Gives good background on the histone octomer, and which specific parts of the protein are being modified.
 * Good explanation of the mechanism of how methylation effects gene expression.
 * Article goes in a logical order.
 * Could have more about methylation in cancer cells.
 * Has good references, most of the articles are from the last 10 years.
 * There is not any recent talk going on in this article, even though it is considered a stub.