User:FreePeoples/sandbox

Historical Melchizedek
Zedek, from Melchizedek derives his name, is the name of a Phoenician-Canaanite deity, and was associated with pre-Israelite Jerusalem. The text indicates that Melchizedek served El Elyon.

It is apparent that the story of Melchizedek and Abraham was added after the original story was written. There is no consensus on when the story was added, but it may have been inserted in order to give validity to the priesthood and tithes connected with the Second Temple.

Zedek was the name

Blacks and Mormonism

 * Lineage lessons, investigating features, marking baptismal records with C, N, Cain, blood of Cain, or seed of Cain The Mormon Church and Blacks: A Documentary History
 * Todo
 * Racial attitudes of leaders
 * Whether the ban was revelation or not
 * Better summary and inclusion of 1978 Revelation
 * black devil

Performance in the pre-existence
According to Mormon cosmology, before being born the spirits of all people lived with God in a place called the pre-mortal existence. Heavenly Father presented the plan of salvation, but some spirits rejected the plan, sparking the war in heaven. Apostle Orson Hyde taught that black people were born black because they were not very active in the war. Brigham Young countered the teaching, saying that no one was neutral, but that everyone took sides. However, Orson Pratt and Brigham H. Roberts continued to teach that blacks were not active in the war. After Young died, the two competing theories were merged by saying blacks were not neutral, but "less valiant". Still, the teaching was not connected

This justification appeared as early as 1908 in a Liahona magazine article.

Apostles Orson Pratt and Orson Hyde taught that black people were less valiant in the war in heaven, and that their denial of privileges were a result of their decisions in the pre-mortal existence. Brigham Young rejected the teaching, nevertheless, the teaching helped sustain the ban on the priesthood. Joseph Fielding Smith supported the idea in his 1931 book The Way to Perfection, stating that the priesthood restriction on black was a "punishment" for actions in the pre-existence. In a letter in 1947, the First Presidency wrote in a letter to Lowry Nelson that blacks were not entitled to the full blessings of the Gospel, and referenced the "revelations [...] on the preexistence" as a justification. In 1952 Lowry published a critique of the what he termed a racist policy in an article in The Nation. Lowry believes it was the first time the folk doctrine that blacks were less righteous in the pre-existence was publicized to the non-Mormon world.

The LDS church also used this explanation in their 1949 statement explicitly barring blacks from holding the priesthood. An address by Mark E. Peterson was widely circulated by BYU religion faculty in the 1950s and 60s and used the "less valiant in the pre-existence" explanation to justify segregation, a view which Lowell Bennion and Kendall White, among other members, heavily criticized. The apostle Joseph Fielding Smith also taught that black people were less faithful in the preexistence. A 1959 report by US Commission found that the Mormon church in Utah generally taught that non-whites had inferior performance in the pre-earth life.

After the priesthood ban ended in 1978, church leaders refuted the idea that black people were less valiant in the pre-existence. In a 1978 interview with Time Magazine, President Spencer W. Kimball stated that the LDS Church no longer held to the theory that those of African descent were any less valiant in the pre-earth life. Jeffrey R. Holland in a 2006 interview for the PBS documentary The Mormons stated that inaccurate racial "folklore" was invented to justify the priesthood ban, and that reasons for the previous ban are unknown. The LDS Church explicitly denounced any justification for the priesthood restriction based in views on events in the pre-mortal life in the "Race and the Priesthood" essay published in 2013.

The Book of Abraham teaches that some spirits were more intelligent than others (Abraham 3:18-19) and that God chose certain spirits to be rulers. (Abraham 3:22-23) Likewise, the Book of Mormon teaches that those ordained to the priesthood were "called and prepared from the foundation of the world according to the foreknowledge of God, on account of their exceeding faith and good works." (Alma 13:1-10)

LDS apologist A. Keith Thompson argues that the traditional interpretation of Alma that

Teachings on black people and the pre-mortal existence
According to Mormon cosmology, before being born the spirits of all people lived with God in a place called the pre-mortal existence. Heavenly Father presented the plan of salvation, but some spirits rejected the plan, sparking the war in heaven. However, not all the spirits were equal. The Book of Abraham teaches that some spirits were more intelligent than others, and the noble and great ones were made to be rulers. In 1845, Apostle Orson Hyde taught that black people were born black because they were not very active in the war. In 1852, Apostle Orson Pratt taught that God did not send the more noble and intelligent spirits to black families, which he called "degraded parentage". When Brigham Young was asked whether blacks were neutral in 1869, he said there were no neutral spirits. However, it wasn't until 1885 that B. H. Roberts, an influential member of the quorum of the seventy, connected performance in the pre-mortal existence to the priesthood ban. Roberts argued that although blacks were not neutral, they were less valiant than spirits of other races, and that was why they were not allowed to hold the priesthood. By 1907, even though it was not considered doctrine, it was generally believed by most Mormons that blacks were cursed for the choices in the pre-existence.

Formally, this justification appeared as early as 1908 in a Liahona magazine article. Joseph Fielding Smith supported the idea in his 1931 book The Way to Perfection, the First Presidency used it in 1947,  and it was officially used by the church in 1949   In 1952 Lowry published a critique of the what he termed a racist policy in an article in The Nation. Lowry said it was the first time the teaching that blacks were less righteous in the pre-existence was publicized to the non-Mormon world. In 1954, the apostle Joseph Fielding Smith taught that the reason someone is "born black and with other disadvantages" was because those who were not faithful in the pre-existence received less blessings on earth. An address by Mark E. Peterson, which was widely circulated by BYU religion faculty in the 1950s and 60s, applied the "less valiant in the pre-existence" explanation to justify segregation, a view which Lowell Bennion and Kendall White, among other members, heavily criticized. A 1959 report by US Commission found that the Mormon church in Utah generally taught that non-whites had inferior performance in the pre-earth life.

After the priesthood ban ended in 1978, church leaders refuted the idea that black people were less valiant in the pre-existence. In a 1978 interview with Time Magazine, President Spencer W. Kimball stated that the LDS Church no longer held to the theory that those of African descent were any less valiant in the pre-earth life. Jeffrey R. Holland in a 2006 interview for the PBS documentary The Mormons stated that inaccurate racial "folklore" was invented to justify the priesthood ban. The LDS Church explicitly denounced any justification for the priesthood restriction based in views on events in the pre-mortal life in the "Race and the Priesthood" essay published in 2013.

Race
The church teaches that foreordination can be a reward for valiant commitment to Jesus Christ and may influence one's earthly circumstances. Birth into one of the Twelve Tribes of Israel is seen as a birthright of dedicated souls. Orson Pratt taught that the noble and great

However, everyone can be adopted into one of the twelve tribes of Israel through faithfulness on Earth, regardless of their foreordination.

Before 1978, church leaders taught that those who were less valiant in the war in heaven were foreordained to born black. In 1845, Apostle Orson Hyde argued that it would be cruel to send good spirits to be born as blacks, but instead God sent the spirits that lent an influence to Satan to be born black. In 1852, Apostle Orson Pratt taught that God did not send the more noble and intelligent spirits to black families, which he called "degraded parentage". When Brigham Young was asked whether blacks were neutral in 1869, he said there were no neutral spirits. However, it wasn't until 1885 that B. H. Roberts, an influential member of the quorum of the seventy, connected performance in the pre-mortal existence to the priesthood ban. Roberts argued that although blacks were not neutral, they were less valiant than spirits of other races, and that was why they were not allowed to hold the priesthood. By 1907, even though it was not considered doctrine, it was generally believed by most Mormons that blacks were cursed for the choices in the pre-existence.

Formally, this justification appeared as early as 1908 in a Liahona magazine article. Joseph Fielding Smith supported the idea in his 1931 book The Way to Perfection, the First Presidency used it in 1947,  and it was officially used by the church in 1949   In 1952 Lowry published a critique of the what he termed a racist policy in an article in The Nation. Lowry said it was the first time the teaching that blacks were less righteous in the pre-existence was publicized to the non-Mormon world. In 1954, the apostle Joseph Fielding Smith taught that the reason someone is "born black and with other disadvantages" was because those who were not faithful in the pre-existence received less blessings on earth. An address by Mark E. Peterson, which was widely circulated by BYU religion faculty in the 1950s and 60s, applied the "less valiant in the pre-existence" explanation to justify segregation, a view which Lowell Bennion and Kendall White, among other members, heavily criticized. A 1959 report by US Commission found that the Mormon church in Utah generally taught that non-whites had inferior performance in the pre-earth life.

After the priesthood ban ended in 1978, church leaders refuted the idea that black people were less valiant in the pre-existence. In a 1978 interview with Time Magazine, President Spencer W. Kimball stated that the LDS Church no longer held to the theory that those of African descent were any less valiant in the pre-earth life. Jeffrey R. Holland in a 2006 interview for the PBS documentary The Mormons stated that inaccurate racial "folklore" was invented to justify the priesthood ban. The LDS Church explicitly denounced any justification for the priesthood restriction based in views on events in the pre-mortal life in the "Race and the Priesthood" essay published in 2013.

refs

 * Good quotes
 * They are not kept in reserve in order to come forth to receive such a degraded parentage ""privilege of being born of such noble parentage""
 * Orson's speech

Gathering

 * Jews needed to fall because of wickedness (Jacob 4:14)
 * Jews were scattered because of wickedness. Jesus came to them because they were wicked. (2 Nephi 10:4-6)
 * Jews need to suffer and be damned - Brigham Young - http://mit.irr.org/brigham-young-id-rather-preach-devil-jews-3-dec-1854 and

Moses
The Book of Deuteronomy, records Moses blessing the twelve tribes. This was probably written sometime between the eleventh and the sixth century before common era. For the tribe of Joseph, he declares:


 * "Blessed of the Lord is his land, with the precious things of heaven, with the dew, and the deep lying beneath, with the precious fruits of the sun, with the precious produce of the months, with the best things of the ancient mountains, with the precious things of the everlasting hills, with the precious things of the earth and its fullness, and the favor of Him who dwelt in the bush. Let the blessing come ‘on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers. His glory is like a firstborn bull, and his horns like the horns of the wild ox; Together with them he shall push the peoples to the ends of the earth; They are the ten thousands of Ephraim, And they are the thousands of Manasseh.”.” -

LDS Teaching about Lamanites
The Doctrine and Covenants, which is consider scripture in the LDS Church, also discusses the Lamanites. It records callings of several missionaries to teach the Lamanites, including the Lenape.(D&C 32:2)  It teaches that before Christ will return, the Lamanites will "blossom as a rose". (D&C 49:24) It also identifies the Lenape as Lamanite

Latter Day Saint scriptures identify some of the Native American people as Lamanites. According to the Doctrine and Covenants, a book considered scripture in the Latter Day Saint movement, God identified the Lenape as Lamanites while calling Oliver Cowdery, Peter Whitmer Jun and Parley P. Pratt to teach them, additionally giving Oliver Cowdery power to build up God's church among the Lamanites. Also according to the Doctrine and Covenants, Later in the Doctrine and Covenants' tesxt.

In 1830, Joseph Smith said he had received a revelation of God to call Oliver Cowdery to teach the Lamanites. (D&C 28:8) Smith also said God gave Cowdery power to build up God's church among the Lamanites. (D&C 30:6) Later, Smith said God called Peter Whitmer Jun and Parley P. Pratt to go with Oliver Cowdery to teach the Lamanites.(D&C 32:1-2)  The men believed God was referring to the Native Americans, and began teaching among the Lenape. Smith also said God told him that the city of Zion would be built on the borders by the Lamanites.(D&C 28:9) Smith later identified this as Missouri. (D&C 54:8) These revelations were later incorporated in the Doctrine and Covenants, which is a sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement.

Since then, Mormons have continued to identify the Lamanites as the primary ancestors of the indigenous peoples of the Americas.

Ephraim

 * https://bycommonconsent.com/2006/02/15/british-israelism/
 * Maus https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1032&context=mormonhistory
 * Ephraim from North https://josephsmithfoundation.org/joseph-smith-prophecies-about/
 * Ephraim Anglo-Saxon https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1979/12/the-kingdom-builders?lang=eng
 * In the latter days, many members will be literal descendants, according to President Joseph Fielding Smith, who said, "The great majority of those who become members of the Church are literal descendants of Abraham through Ephraim, son of Joseph” (Doctrines of Salvation, 3:246.)

Bloodlines
A person can know if they are part of the House of Joseph through a blessing received through the Church's patriarch called the patriarchal blessing.

Israelite origin hypothesis

 * View of Hebrews
 * James Adair (historian)

Old

 * Thesis but good references

Toelle
 * Grant attacks in 1851
 * Dialogue

Timpanogos
 * Farmer
 * Black Hawk
 * Manuscripts of Brigham Young
 * History to go
 * Indian Depredations
 * Timpanogos Tribe
 * Gold Rush
 * Establishing Zion
 * Herald - Talks about how the Timpanogos were able to escape.
 * Wild Bill Hickman and Old Elk
 * After the war
 * Mailed Fist
 * Charles Hancock captures Peteetneet's son

Goshute
 * To go

Paiutes
 * Boundaries Between
 * Annual Reports - says where major population centers were and the tribe they belonged to.

Indian reservations
 * Edward Cooper appointed in September of 1850. First order address the issue of slavery
 * Deplorable conditions of reservations under LDS leadership
 * Beck journal timeline

LDS
 * Jensen