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Types of Futurists

Futurists can be categorized into three main categories: layperson, professional, and academic. The main distinction between these groups is that professional and academic futurists have extensive training or formal education in futures studies, whereas a layperson does not.

Laypersons are interested in the future. The popularity of “Pop” futures can generally be contributed to this group. “Pop” futures are works, such as Alvin Toffler's "Futureshock," that appeal to the general public.

Professional futurists are those who have formal training or education in futures studies, or foresight. Within the U.S., the University of Houston and the University of Hawaii offer a master's in futures studies. Foresight professionals can be further classified as insiders versus outsiders. Insiders generally work as employees of an organization and can be found in strategic planning, research & development, marketing, etc. Outsiders generally work individually or as part of a consulting firm to provide foresight to clients and organizations.

Academic futurists have additional education, such a PhD, and credentials and can be found at colleges and universities. Academics are generally more concerned with theory and conceptualizing a foresight framework than with executing foresight work.