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(Artificial intelligence (AI), sometimes called machine intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals. Leading AI textbooks define the field as the study of "intelligent agents": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals. Colloquially, the term "artificial intelligence" is often used to describe machines (or computers) that mimic "cognitive" functions that humans associate with the human mind, such as "learning" and "problem solving".)The definition of artificial intelligence can be divided into two parts, namely "artificial" and "intelligence". "Manual" is easier to understand, and less controversial. Sometimes we will have to consider what is manufactured by humans, or whether the human's own intelligence is high enough to create artificial intelligence, and so on. But in general, "artificial system" is an artificial system in the usual sense.

There are many questions about what "intelligence" is. This involves other issues such as consciousness (CONSCIOUSNESS), self (SELF), thinking (MIND) (including unconscious thinking (UNCONSCIOUS_MIND)) and so on. The only intelligence that a person understands is the intelligence of the person himself, which is a generally agreed view. But our understanding of our own intelligence is very limited, and we also have limited understanding of the necessary elements that constitute human intelligence, so it is difficult to define what is "intelligence" made by "manual". Therefore, the research of artificial intelligence often involves the research of human intelligence itself. Other intelligence on animals or other man-made systems is also generally considered to be research topics related to artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has received more and more attention in the computer field. It is also used in robots, economic and political decision-making, control systems, and simulation systems. Professor Nelson gave a definition of artificial intelligence: "Artificial intelligence is a subject of knowledge-the science of how to express knowledge and how to obtain and use knowledge." And another Professor Winston of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA He believes: "Artificial intelligence is the study of how to make computers do intelligent tasks that only humans could do in the past." These statements reflect the basic ideas and basic content of artificial intelligence. That is to say, artificial intelligence is the study of the laws of human intelligence activities, the construction of artificial systems with a certain degree of intelligence, the study of how to make computers perform tasks that required human intelligence in the past, that is, the study of how to use computer software and hardware to simulate certain human intelligence The basic theories, methods and techniques of behavior. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science and has been known as one of the world's three cutting-edge technologies (space technology, energy technology, artificial intelligence) since the 1970s. It is also considered to be one of the three cutting-edge technologies (genetic engineering, nanoscience, artificial intelligence) in the 21st century. This is because it has achieved rapid development in the past 30 years, has been widely used in many disciplines, and has achieved fruitful results. Artificial intelligence has gradually become an independent branch, both in theory and practice. Into a system. Artificial intelligence is the subject of studying the computer to simulate certain human thinking processes and intelligent behaviors (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, planning, etc.). It mainly includes the principles of computer realization of intelligence, and the manufacture of computers similar to human brain intelligence. Can achieve higher level applications. Artificial intelligence will involve disciplines such as computer science, psychology, philosophy, and linguistics. It can be said that almost all disciplines of natural sciences and social sciences have a scope far beyond the scope of computer science. The relationship between artificial intelligence and thinking science is the relationship between practice and theory, and artificial intelligence is at the technological application level of thinking science. It is an application branch. From the perspective of thinking, artificial intelligence is not limited to logical thinking. It is necessary to consider image thinking and inspirational thinking to promote the breakthrough development of artificial intelligence. Mathematics is often regarded as the basic science of many disciplines. Mathematics also enters the fields of language and thinking. Intelligence disciplines must also borrow mathematical tools. Mathematics not only plays a role in standard logic and fuzzy mathematics, but also in artificial intelligence disciplines. They will promote each other and develop faster.

(As machines become increasingly capable, tasks considered to require "intelligence" are often removed from the definition of AI, a phenomenon known as the AI effect. A quip in Tesler's Theorem says "AI is whatever hasn't been done yet." For instance, optical character recognition is frequently excluded from things considered to be AI, having become a routine technology. Modern machine capabilities generally classified as AI include successfully understanding human speech, competing at the highest level in strategic game systems (such as chess and Go), autonomously operating cars, intelligent routing in content delivery networks, and military simulations.)

[Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science. It attempts to understand the essence of intelligence and produce a new intelligent machine that can respond in a similar way to human intelligence. Research in this field includes robotics, language recognition, image recognition, Natural language processing and expert systems, etc. Since the birth of artificial intelligence, the theory and technology have become increasingly mature, and the field of application has continued to expand. It is conceivable that the technological products brought by artificial intelligence in the future will be the "containers" of human wisdom. Artificial intelligence can simulate the information process of human consciousness and thinking. Artificial intelligence is not human intelligence, but it can think like humans and may exceed human intelligence.]

(Artificial intelligence was founded as an academic discipline in 1955, and in the years since has experienced several waves of optimism, followed by disappointment and the loss of funding (known as an "AI winter"), followed by new approaches, success and renewed funding. For most of its history, AI research has been divided into sub-fields that often fail to communicate with each other.These sub-fields are based on technical considerations, such as particular goals (e.g. "robotics" or "machine learning"), the use of particular tools ("logic" or artificial neural networks), or deep philosophical differences. Sub-fields have also been based on social factors (particular institutions or the work of particular researchers).)

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