User:GPHistofSci/sandbox

Article Evaluation
Thomas Bradwardine
 * Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?

Yes, everything is relevant. Some events under the Life section are hard to follow and could use some simplification.


 * Is the article neutral? Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?

Yes, the article seems to be neutral. One claim seems speculative, "perhaps loth to lose his trusted confessor".


 * Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented?

No.


 * Check a few citations. Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article?

Yes, the links work and support the claims in the article. However, many sources listed do not have links.


 * Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?

Many facts stated in the Life section do not have noted references. The sources I could check seem to be unbiased.


 * Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?

Many of his more prominent theories and their influence on other important figure could be expanded.


 * Check out the Talk page of the article. What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?

Something mentioned in the talk page is the distinction of Calculus and Algebra. Related, when reading the Wiki article about the Oxford Calculators there is a direct contradiction to an otherwise identical statement:

"Yet "Bradwardine and his Oxford colleagues did not quite make the breakthrough to modern science" (Cantor 2001, p. 122). The most essential missing tool was calculus." Thomas Bradwardine

"Yet "Bradwardine and his Oxford colleagues did not quite make the breakthrough to modern science."[6] The most essential missing tool was algebra." Oxford Calculators
 * How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects?

It is part of many WikiProjects and is rated start-low importance.


 * How does the way Wikipedia discusses this topic differ from the way we've talked about it in class?

Very similar to what is mentioned in our textbooks.

Article Sources
Rachel Lloyd (chemist)

Green Ideas, Green Vietnam: Environmentalism in the Sixties (2003)

Rachel Lloyd: Early Nebraska chemist (1995)

Civilization of the ancient Mediterranean: Greece and Rome (1988)

Easy and Lucid Guide to Rachel Abbie Holloway Lloyd

Article Ideas
First woman published in American Chemistry Journal (ACS website)

notes from nebraska chemist source: -In nebraska 7 years, health -Initial appointment 1 year associate professor -First position chestnut st female seminary philadelphia -1883 louisville school of pharmacy for women in louisville ky and hampton college -Royal college of science and the School of Mines? -1891 no chemist only teacher -Member of camera club and scientific -Joined american chemical society in 1891 -Died in beverly new jersey

In Memorium good source?

More detail about beet research

Possible new section "Professional Work" explaining published work, affiliation with professional societies etc. -3 papers on acrylic acid in American Chemical Journal (Dr Rachel Lloyd: American Chemist)

Article Draft
Edits/additions done in bold. Added Sections on Teaching and Final Years, will add more to final years. Other draft ideas and edits can be found on Dmlcx9 and DGrieshaber sandboxes.

Early years
Lloyd (née Rachel Abbie Holloway) was born in Flushing, Ohio to a large Quaker farming family. Both of her parents were teachers until her father became the Post Master in Smyrna, Ohio. She lost her family at a young age; all three of her siblings died in infancy, her mother when she was five, and her father when she was twelve.'''At the age of 13 Rachel Lloyd (Holloway) began attending Friends School in Flushing, Ohio and continued her young education at Westtown School in West Chester, Pennsylvania. Her final year of schooling was completed at Miss Margaret Robinson's School for Young Ladies, where she would also begin teaching. During her time at Robinson's School she met Franklin Lloyd, a chemist with Powers and Weightman. On May 11, 1859,''' when she was 20 years old, Rachel and Franklin got married. Lloyd noted that Franklin kept a chemical laboratory in their home, which is where her interest in the field originated. The couple had two children: Fannie Lloyd (1860–1860) and William C. Lloyd (1865–1865), both of whom died in infancy, Frannie of "disease of the brain" and William of jaundice. Franklin also died in 1865, shortly after William's death. After her husband's death, Lloyd was left with a substantial sum of money and used it to travel Europe from 1867-1872, seeking medical help for rheumatism and neuralgia. However, financial difficulties forced her to return to the US to look for work. Lloyd supported herself for some time as a science teacher at the Chestnut Street Female Seminary before making the decision to formally pursue her interest in chemistry.

Studies
In the summer of 1876, Lloyd began attending courses in botany and chemistry at the Harvard Summer School, where she did research with Charles F. Mabery. She attended Harvard Summer School and continued her research for the next eight years, coauthoring three published papers between the years of 1881-1884. It was in these years that Lloyd met Rachel Bodley, her future colleague in the American Chemical Society, and, in 1880, Hudson Henry Nicholson, her future colleague at the University of Nebraska. During this time, Lloyd continued to teach. In 1883, she helped found the Louisville School of Pharmacy for Women in Kentucky, along with Joseph P. Barnum.

In 1884, Lloyd decided to study at the University of Zurich, which at the time was the only institution where women were permitted to attempt a doctorate in chemistry. Lloyd was awarded her doctorate in 1886, at the age of 48, making her the first American woman to receive a European doctorate. Her dissertation was on the conversion of phenols to aromatic amines under Professor August Viktor Merz. During this time, she also became interested in the emerging sugar beet industry.

Teaching
'''Lloyd began teaching immediately after finishing her early education at Miss Margaret Robinson's School for Young Ladies. Her next teaching position would be at the Chestnut Street Female Seminary, where she taught chemistry, in 1873, following her travels in Europe. During her time as a student Lloyd still held multiple positions at other educational institutions. In 1880 Lloyd held the position of Lady Principal of Foster School for Girls in Clifton Springs, New York. Following this she was an Instructor of Chemistry at both Hampton College for Women and the Louisville School of Pharmacy for Women. Lloyd worked for a small period of time at the Normal School of Science and Royal School of Mines in London before her most notable position in 1887 at the University of Nebraska. In 1894 Lloyd was the Instructor of Science at Hillside Home School in Spring Green, Wisconsin.'''

University of Nebraska
In 1887, the University of Nebraska offered Lloyd an appointment as associate professor of analytical chemistry to join the departmental chair, Hudson Henry Nicholson as second faculty member in the new Chemistry Department. Lloyd encouraged both young men and young women to enroll; during Lloyd's tenure, the Nebraska section of the American Chemical Society had more women participants than any other section. Between 1888 and 1915, 10 of the 46 chemistry students were women.

Lloyd's scientific impact was based on her pioneering studies of sugars in sugar beets, using analytical techniques such as the saccharometer. Lloyd's studies made use of test plots of sugar beets in various parts of Nebraska. Her scientific reports on sugar production in sugar beets first appeared in 1890, helping establish the economic viability of sugar beet farming in the latter part of the 19th century, critical to Nebraska farmers. Following the passage of the Hatch Act of 1887, the University of Nebraska was awarded a grant of $15,000 to create the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station. Lloyd rose to full professor in 1888 and continued to teach until 1894, when she resigned due to ill health. After her death, Acting Chancellor Charles E. Bessey said in a memorial lecture at the University of Nebraska, ″She was not only an eminent chemist, she was a great teacher, and more than that, she was the beloved advisor and counselor of students.″ '''This is further supported by her involvement in the Camera Club and the Scientific Club, through which she connected with students.

University of Nebraska Time Capsule
'''In May 2014, a time capsule was opened at the University of Nebraska Lincoln. The capsule came from the cornerstone of the building that had previously housed the Chemistry Department and had been planted there in 1916. The capsule had initially been forgotten but was discovered when someone searching for information on Rachel Lloyd discovered a newspaper article about the capsule's burial that had mentioned her. The capsule contained newspapers from the time of its burial, information about what was happening at the school at the time, photos of members of the chemistry department, and other items related to the chemistry department as it had been in 1916. Included in these photos is a high resolution photo of Lloyd, which is often used in articles about her life and work. Arguably the most important item in the capsule was a biography of Lloyd's life, titled "In Memoriam: Rachel Lloyd, Ph.D". The book was written by her brother-in-law, Clement Lloyd, and contained information about her life that was not found elsewhere. '''DGrieshaber (talk) 13:25, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

Final Years
She lived in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area for the last seven years of her life, to be closer to friends and relatives. Lloyd passed on March 7, 1900 due to heart failure and was buried with her husband and children in the Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia.

peer reviewSimeonbauer (talk) 15:46, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
Simeonbauer (talk) 15:46, 18 October 2019 (UTC) Your draft does a grand job of going into detail on her work at the University of Nebraska. As a suggestion, more of her research would be cool, but good work anyway! I think expanding on what she studied and research is most important. On a reflection to my own article, more context and information needs to be added. Better organization should be applied to my article.

Peer Evaluation Pencil and Notepad (talk) 15:45, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
The contributions to this article, overall, were very beneficial to strengthening the article. In particular, the sections on Teaching and the contributions to her early years. The early years section additions really give insight into the hardships of her childhood and sets the stage for her later career. As for the Teaching section, that was a major portion of her career that had seemingly been un tapped before you edit. I would suggest adding what subject(s) she taught at each school, if possible. On top of that, more specific dates on some of the job locations would be helpful. These would help form the time frame of this part of her life and ease the understanding of her career. I suggest keeping the section on the time capsule, since it shows where a portion of the info on her was found. The most important thig you could do is to edit formatting and keep adding the details bridging the gaps. I found that the tidbits about the time capsule were fascinating and I would love to see if there is anything like that for my article.

Peer Review by MrScaryDude (talk) 15:48, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
Hello, I'm peer reviewing the Rachel Lloyd Drafting in your sandbox

In the Early Years section of the Biography section, I would suggest changing " On May 11, 1859, when she was 20 years old, they were married." to " On May 11, 1859, when she was 20 years old, Franklin and Rachel were married" for clarity. When Rachel's travel to Europe is mentioned, I think it would be a good idea to mention what she was seeking medical help for. Did she have a disease or condition?

In the University of Nebraska section, changing "join the departmental chair, Hudson Henry Nicholson as second person in the new Chemistry Department" to "join the departmental chair, Hudson Henry Nicholson as second faculty member in the new Chemistry Department" to improve use more precise language. Also, you may consider changing "This is further supported by her involvement in the Camera Club and the Scientific Club, a way she connected with students" to ""This is further supported by her involvement in the Camera Club and the Scientific Club, through which she connected with students.

MrScaryDude (talk) 15:48, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

Peer Review by Brrgdw (talk) 16:10, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
Needs more citations. There should be a citation for pretty much every claim, because there’s no way of knowing that the citation at the end of the paragraph isn’t just for the last sentence. Mismatch of “ and ‘ when quoting that Frannie died of “disease of the brain’ Traveled to Europe seeking medical help for what? I like the separate “teaching” section. I think that’d be a good idea for our article. Perhaps add more dates, instead of just putting the order of the positions. (And, once again, many more citations are needed.) Interesting stuff about the time capsule! Brrgdw (talk) 16:10, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

Peer Review Response
Our peer reviews recommended more citations. All of our added work is cited, however in some cases an entire paragraph cites one source, the citations can be moved to each sentence for better clarity. Another issue discussed in the peer reviews was the lack of some dates. Some dates I can add in, however a lot of the dates provided in sources are questionable, and the source is unsure of the exact time frames. The peer reviews also mention adding more details on Rachel's research and what exactly Rachel had that was making her sick. I will look into this, but most information on her research is very technical and doesn't seem imperative to understanding her importance in history. It could be more suited for an article on sugar beets. Another thing that could be changed is the structure of the sentences. There were some cases where the wording used wasn't precise and could lead to confusion.