User:GT67/epidemiologyofhypertension

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Epidemiology
[[Image:Hypertensive heart disease world map - DALY - WHO2004.svg|thumb|225px|[[Disability-adjusted life year]] for hypertensive heart disease per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004.

{{legend|#b3b3b3|no data}} {{legend|#ffff65|<110}} {{legend|#fff200|110-220}} {{legend|#ffdc00|220-330}} {{legend|#ffc600|330-440}} {{legend|#ffb000|440-550}} {{legend|#ff9a00|550-660}}

{{legend|#ff8400|660-770}} {{legend|#ff6e00|770-880}} {{legend|#ff5800|880-990}} {{legend|#ff4200|990-1100}} {{legend|#ff2c00|1100-1600}} {{legend|#cb0000|>1600}} ]] As of 2000, nearly one billion people or ~26% of the adult population of the world had hypertension. It was common in both developed (333 million) and undeveloped (639 million) countries. However rates vary markedly in different regions with rates as low as 3.4% (men) and 6.8% (women) in rural India and as high as 68.9% (men) and 72.5% (women) in Poland.

In 1995 it was estimated that 43 million people in the United States had hypertension or were taking antihypertensive medication, almost 24% of the adult United States population. The prevalence of hypertension in the United States is increasing and reached 29% in 2004. As of 2006 hypertension affects 76 million US adults (34% of the population) and African American adults have among the highest rates of hypertension in the world at 44%. It is more common in blacks and native Americans and less in whites and Mexican Americans, rates increase with age, and is greater in the southeastern United States. Hypertension is more prevalent in men (though menopause tends to decrease this difference) and in those of low socioeconomic status.

In children
The prevalence of high blood pressure in the young is increasing. Most childhood hypertension, particularly in preadolescents, is secondary to an underlying disorder. Aside from obesity, kidney disease is the most common (60–70%) cause of hypertension in children. Adolescents usually have primary or essential hypertension, which accounts for 85–95% of cases.

Scotland
Current estimates suggest that nearly one-third of the Scottish population, age 16 years and above, has an elevated blood pressure or a history of high blood pressure. The prevalence of high blood pressure increases sharply with age and more than three-quarters of Scottish age 75 years and above have high blood pressure. The table below depicts the prevalence of high blood pressure in Scotland by gender from 2003 to 2010:

The prevalence of high blood pressure of all adults, aged 16 years and above, rose from 32.8% in 2003 to 35.5% in 2010. In 2003, 18.5% of patients were untreated and in 2010, 19.9% of patients were untreated for high blood pressure.