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Copied from Bourbon Reforms

Trade and the economy
Within New Spain, economic reforms were implemented through direct labor regulation. José de Gálvez's 1769 "Regulation on Wage and Peonage" specified wages for free labor workers and set conditions for circumstances such as contract fulfillment and debt repayment. Gálvez's decree demonstrated the ways in which Spanish regulations were working in New Spain to make the Crown essential in the local economy, in addition to the broader tax and trade reforms like the "Decree of Free Trade."

Effects
Though the legislation passed by the Bourbons did much to reform the Empire, it was not enough to save it. The racial tensions continued to grow and massive discontent lead to a number of revolts, the most important of which were the Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II and Revolt of the Comuneros. Criollos, Mestizos, and Indians were among the most common to be involved in such revolts. Over time, these uprisings led to the fight for the independence of the American colonies.

Though the legislation passed by the Bourbons did much to reform the Empire, it was not enough to sustain it. The tensions continued to grow and widespread discontent lead to an increasing number of revolts in the Andean region. In the middle of the 18th century, the number of insurrections rose steadily so there were a dozen or more per decade. From 1750-1759 there were 13 recorded, while 20 years later the decade of 1770-1779 witnessed 31. The following decade, the Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II drew mainly upon the frustrations of the indigenous community but also included black slaves and Creole elites. The cross-class alliance was fleeting, and the insurrection was squashed by the Spanish army. The Revolt of the Comuneros, led by a Creole, presented demands in Bogota that would benefit the Creoles and Indians but it was not successful. The inhabitants of New Spain, especially the peasant class, experienced the oppression of Bourbons but didn’t turn to revolt in the same way as their southern neighbors. Rising costs of land, disease, crime and agricultural crises increased tensions in New Spain. Perhaps due to the lack of Aztec identity, when compared to Incan, the circumstances didn’t produce a response like that of the Rebellion of.. And Revolt of Com.. The unrest in the late 18th century is seen by some scholars as a precursor to the eventual independence of the American colonies.

Military
The Creole militias quickly became larger than the Spanish Army, and by 1800, 90% of the militia officers were Creole and nearly all the soldiers were American born. Eventually, the militias would turn against the Spanish and form the foundations of the independence armies. While in retrospect the arming of Creoles may appear unwise for the Spanish, Bourbon military reforms subjected and organized the Creoles. Additionally, the Spanish may not have had a choice as they needed a larger army and could not provide it from Spain.