User:Garimaatreja/sandbox

ADULTERATED FOOD
"Adulteration" is a legal term meaning that a food product fails to meet federal or state standards. Adulteration is an addition of another substance to a food item in order to increase the quantity of the food item in raw form or prepared form, which may result in the loss of actual quality of food item. These substances may be other available food items or non-food items. Among meat and meat products some of the items used to adulterate are water or ice, carcasses, or carcasses of animals other than the animal meant to be consumed.

CONTENT
1.DEFINITION OF FOOD ADULTURATION

2.TYPES OF ADULTERATION

3.HARMFUL EFFECTS OF FOOD ADULTERATION

4.ADULTERATION IN FOOD STUFF AND HARMFUL EFFECTS

1.Food also meets the definition of adulteration if: or it has been prepared, packed, or held under unsanitary conditions (insect, rodent, or bird infestation) whereby it may have become contaminated with filth or rendered injurious to health.

2.Further, food is considered adulterated if: it contains a dietary ingredient that presents a significant or unreasonable risk of illness or injury under the conditions of use recommended in labeling (for example, foods or dietary supplements containing aristolochic acids, which have been linked to kidney failure, have been banned. A valuable constituent has been omitted in whole or in part or replaced with another substance; damage or inferiority has been concealed in any manner; or a substance has been added to increase the product's bulk or weight, reduce its quality or strength, or make it appear of greater value than it is (this is "economic adulteration"

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is responsible for providing safe food to citizens. The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954, laid down guidelines to provide pure and wholesome foods to consumers. The Act was last amended in 1986 to make punishments more stringent and to empower consumers further.

Food adulteration is the addition or mixing of inferior, harmful, substandard, useless or unnecessary substances to foods. This spoils the nature and quality of food items and is considered food adulteration.

TYPES OF ADULTERATION
1. Milk Adulteration'''

In India, which is the land of cows, large quantities of milk are adulterated. Milk adulteration involves adding water to milk and removing the beneficial fats from milk. Often soya milk, starch, groundnut milk, and wheat flour are added to milk. This makes the milk less nutritious and it results in milk being useless for the consumer.

2. Adulteration of Fats and Oils It is easy to adulterate oils and fats. But it is difficult to detect such adulteration. Ghee is often mixed with hydrogenated oils and animal fats. Synthetic colours and flavours are added to other fats to make them appear like ghee.

3. Food Grain Adulteration

Food grain adulteration involves mixing sand or crushed stones to increase the weight of food grains. Cereal grains and pulses are mixed with plastic beads that resemble grains in colour and size. Very often, water is also sprayed on grains to increase the weight.

4. Other Adulterations

Chilli powder is often mixed with brick powder, while tea leaves are often mixed with used tea leaves. These adulterations are very harmful to the consumer and they should be addressed by consumer organizations and consumers seriously.

ADULTERATION IN FOOD STUFF AND ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS
1. Bengal Gram dhal & Thoor Dhal adulterated with Kesai dhal causes lahyrism cancer 2. Used tea leaves cause liver Disorder 3. Coffee Powder adulterated with Tamarind seed, date seed powder cause diarrhoea 4. Milk adulterated with Unhygenic water & Starch  cause stomach disorder 5. Sugar adulterated with Chalk powder cause Stomach - Disorder 6. Black powder adulterated with Papaya Seeds and light berrys cause stomach, liver problems 7. Mustard powder adulterated with Argemone seeds cause epidemic dropsy & glucoma 8.Edible oils adulterated with Argemone oil  cause loss of eyesight, heart diseases 9.Turmeric powder adulterated with yellow aniline dyes are Carcinogenic 10.Non-permitted colourants like metanil yellow are Highly Carcinogenic