User:GeeJo/Sandbox/Space Chair

Space Chair is a British television and cinema advertisement launched by Toshiba in 2009 to promote its Regza SD LCD televisions. The 60-second piece, following the launch of an armchair into near space attached to a weather balloon, is the second in the "Projects" campaign, following on from Time Sculpture. It formed the cornerstone of a £3,000,000 advertising campaign in late 2009 and early 2010. The campaign was handled by the advertising agency Grey London. It was directed by Andy Amadeo, who co-scripted the commercial with Nils Leonard. Production was contracted to production company Hungry Man, with additional assistance by JP Aerospace. Post-production was handled by The Mill. Space Chair premiered on European and Japanese television on 16 November 2009.

Background
The second half of the 2000s saw electronics conglomerate Toshiba engaged in the high definition optical disc format war, in which it supported the HD DVD format. In 2007, Toshiba made the decision to consolidate its European advertising ventures with a single advertising agency, where previously it had split its £25,000,000 marketing budget between Lowe, Saatchi & Saatchi, Grey Global Group, and Young & Rubicam. In June 2007, Grey won the account with a pitch based around emphasising Toshiba's history in research and development, pushing the company's image as an "innovator in the field". The first television and cinema commercial from the partnership, Light, lighter, aired in January 2008, to a lukewarm reception.

The middling results of the campaign made Grey to reevaluate its approach, leading to a new "Projects" campaign, which would see advertisements "pushing the boundaries of what was possible." The first piece of the "Projects" campaign, titled Time Sculpture, was released in late 2008. Time Sculpture broke a Guinness World Record for the highest number of moving image cameras ever in a film sequence, and went on to win a number of awards within the advertising community, including at the D&AD Awards, and the Midsummer Awards. In 2009, creative team Nils Leonard and Andy Amadeo were assigned by Grey London to create the next entry in the "Projects" campaign. At around the same time, artist Simon Faithfull exhibited his work "Escape Vehicle No. 6" for the British Film Institute in London. The team pitched the idea of taking Faithfull's work, showing the launch of a chair into the upper atmosphere, and re-filming it in high-definition using Toshiba technology. Grey greenlit the project, granting Leonard and Amadeo a working budget of £3,000,000 for the campaign.

Pre-production
After gaining approval for Space Chair, the team approached director of photography Haris Zambarloukos, known for his work on Enduring Love and Mamma Mia!, for advice on how to film the ascent. Zambarloukos consulted with the specialist camera company Polecam, who advised that the only 1080i HD camera on the market which would be small, light, and robust enough was one developed by Toshiba itself, the Toshiba IK-HR1S. The IK-HR1S was not available to the general public, and was mostly used for military reconnaissance or endoscopic surgery.

For the balloon and its associated rig, the team contacted American independent space program JP Aerospace, who had done similar work for the Discovery Channel and National Geographic. With the commercial airtime already purchased, no-one willing to insure the project due to the high risks, and JP Aerospace's own warning that the balloon rigs could come down in unreachable areas as far as 600 miles away, the team requested that three additional rigs be made as backups.

Production
JP Aerospace faced several obstacles in the construction of the balloon rigs. The pre-purchasing of the commercial airtime left only four months for production, where normally the company would spend over a year assembling components. Since the shoot was to take place in the Black Rock Desert in Nevada, United States, it would fall under the purview of the Federal Aviation Administration, whose regulations stipulated that the entire craft weigh no more than 4pound, in case of collisions with aircraft. This weight restriction meant that the cameras couldn't be equipped to transmit footage back to base, so the rig had to be hardy enough to survive re-entry at over Mach 1 and striking the ground. To accomplish this, the rig was equipped with a lightweight parachute, and the equipment racks and camera boom were designed to collapse on impact, reducing damage to the cameras. The weight restriction also meant that a model chair had to be used in place of an actual armchair. The model, constructed of hollowed balsa wood and lightweight fabric, was designed by special effects company Artem for around £2,500.

The rigs were launched on the weekend of 26 September 2009, twelve miles northeast of Gerlach, Nevada. Set-up began two hours before sunrise, with a crew of twelve from JP Aerospace assembling the 9MHz antennae which would track the GPS signal from the rigs, inflating the balloons under canvas covers, and performing checks on the equipment. Each rig was equipped with two cameras, and each camera was equipped with different lenses and set at different angles to capture 512GB of unique footage each.

Two launches were scheduled for the first day. Each launch required someone to pull a canvas rip panel, releasing the balloon, while four people guided the chair and camera rig across the ground to a position underneath the rising balloon. The first rig partially collapsed on take-off, but it remained intact enough to rise for over 82 minutes, reaching a height of 98,268 ft before the balloon shattered and the rig fell for around half an hour before hitting ground. At one point during the ascent, telemetry from the rig recorded a temperature of below -60° before the air became too thin to dissipate heat effectively and the temperature rose again. The cameras on both of the first two rigs were offline, but usable footage was recovered from the second launch, albeit slightly overexposed. Two additional launches were made the following day, with the fourth re-capturing footage unrecoverable from previous launches. Despite the four balloons reaching heights of 98,000 ft, 93,000 ft, 94,000 ft and 82,000 ft, all of the rigs and cameras were recovered within twelve miles of the launch site. The launch reaching 98,268 ft set a new Guinness World Record for Highest Television Commercial. In all, 16 hours of footage were recorded and handed to The Mill for post production. Knowing that many viewers would suspect the piece was constructed from computer-generated imagery, imperfections such as the supporting wires and spots of lens dust were left in to lend an air of authenticity.

Release and reception
Grey London began work on the creation of an online presence for the campaign during production. An interactive website, "wherewillitland.com" was launched and promoted through social networking websites such as Twitter and Facebook. The site allowed consumers to make guesses as to where the launched chairs would land, with the winner receiving a 46 inch Regza SV Series LCD TV. Additional content, including a making-of documentary, was made available at a dedicated section of the Toshiba UK website.

Space Chair premiered on European and Japanese television on 16 November 2009, promoting Toshiba's Regza SD LCD televisions. This initial burst lasted three weeks. After a break of several months, additional advertising space was purchased in February, using a slightly re-cut version of Space Chair to promote Toshiba's Satellite T laptop computers. The campaign received mixed reactions; while it received more than half a million hits online within days of its launch, the lack of up-front credit given to Simon Faithfull's previous work caused some controversy in media circles. Noel Bussey of Campaign magazine said of Space Chair: "The idea, execution, astounding shots of Earth and the 'making of' video are all superb." However, Damon Collins, executive creative director at Young & Rubicam was less impressed with the piece, commenting: "I salute the clients and team for trying something different, [...] but, if pushed, the result still reminded me a little of a Sony ad from about ten years ago where the guy fell from the sky in his armchair." Toshiba, however, were fairly satisfied with the campaign, and entered talks with JP Aerospace about the possibility of shooting another commercial in the same vein in 2010.