User:Geo7777/Sulfur trifluoride

In chemistry, sulfur trifluoride is an inorganic chemical compound composed of one atom of sulfur and three atoms of flouride. More exactly, it is composed of 64% fluorine and 36% sulfur. This chemical compound with the formula of SF3, is a relatively small compound with only four atoms per molecule. It also has some commecial uses, although it's sister compounds SF4 and SF5 tend to have more uses.

Physical
The compound sulfur trifluoride is a colorless solid, with a boiling point higher than water's boiling point by almost four and three quarter times. It's melting point is high compared to most household compounds, and is almost identical to the melting point of the element indium, the 49th element in the periodic table of elements. The difference is only 7.05°C, with sulfur trifluoride's being 149.55°C. Due to it's small number of atoms in this compound, it's molar mass is only 85.0597 g/mol.

SF3 is typically soluble in water. It can dissolve around 4853 mg per liter. Like most compounds, the solubibity of this compound increases in water. For example, it's solubility in water at 25°C (77°F) is 4853 mg/l, which is almost half the quantity of the 1 liter of water, while it's solubility in water at 15°C (59°F) is significantly lower. Sulfur trifluoride is said to have an estimated density of 1.7706 g/Å3, although it is just an estimation and has not yet been confirmed in a laboratory.

Chemical
Sulfur trifluoride is composed of one positively charged sulfur atom with three fluorine atoms surrounding it. The type of bond formed is covalent, using a simple single bond to connect or "link" the atoms together. The geometry of this molecule can be described that it has a trigonal planar geometry with each angle being 120 degrees, similar to an equilateral triangle in the fact that it has all equal angles.

Sulfur trifluoride is slightly basic, having a pH of 7.4, and share some chemical properties of all bases, even though it is very weak. For example, this chemical still turns red litmus paper blue, and it does, when aqueous, conduct electricity well.

Another chemical property of sulfur trifluoride is its reactivity. Although sulfur trifluoride is not a very reactive compound, it is able to react with other compounds to form new compounds with much more practical uses such as it's reaction with another flourine atom to form sulfur tetrafluoride (SF4); from there it can be reacted with diethylaminotrimethylsilane (Et2NSiMe3) to form diethylaminosulfur trifluoride or DAST (Et2NSF3) and another product. It is necessary to add a fluorine atom to the sulfur trifluoride compound, even though the final product still has SF3 in its chemical formula.

Uses
Even though some of sulfur trifluoride's sister compounds such as SF4, SF5 and even S2F10 have many commercial and laboratory uses, SF3 does not have many practical uses. One use could be using it as a fluorinating reagent like many other fluorine-based compounds. It can also be used for the synthesis of another useful compound, such as for diethylaminosulfur trifluoride's synthesis, along with it's ability to help in the synthesis of bis 2-methoxyethyl amino sulfur trifluoride, a deoxo-fluor reagent.