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= John S. Werner =

John S. Werner is an American scientist who studies human vision and its changes across the life span. He is a Distinguished Professor at the University of California, Davis in the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, and Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior. (ref 1). His work has been cited ~ 12,000 times (ref 2).

Education
Werner graduated in 1974 from the University of Kansas with BA (with highest distinction) and MA degrees. He received his doctoral degree in 1979 from Brown University. His research was supervised by Billy Rex Wooten and Lewis P. Lipsitt. With support from a NATO-NSF fellowship, he conducted postdoctoral research in the laboratory of Jan Walraven at the Institute for Perception in Soesterberg, The Netherlands (ref. 3). Later, he received a DAAD fellowship to work with Lothar Spillmann in the Department of Neurology at the University of Freiburg.

Research
Werner’s research is concerned with the transformations of signals, quantified psychophysically (ref. 4), from photoreceptors to postreceptoral processes, and color appearance (ref. 5). His work demonstrates changes in sensitivity of all three cone pathways from infancy (ref 6) to old age (ref. 7). His laboratory has also developed methods for imaging the living human retina in three dimensions (ref 8), studies of diseases of the retina (9) and for quantifying vasculature of the retina and choroid (ref. 10). Despite large changes in early stages of processing over the life span, color appearance is relatively stable, implying mechanisms of compensation, presumed to occur in cortex (refs 11,12).

Teaching
Werner has taught a variety of courses from introductory psychology to more advanced courses for undergraduates, graduate students and medical residents. He has mentored PhD students at the University of Colorado, Boulder, and the University of California, Davis, who now hold tenured positions in Asia, Europe, and North America. Werner has been a visiting professor at the University of Freiburg, University of Potsdam, University of Regensburg and University College London.

Werner has co-edited books that are widely used in graduate courses, including Visual Perception: The Neurophysiological Foundations (ref 13), Color Vision: Perspectives from Different Disciplines (ref 14) and The Visual Neurosciences (refs 15, 16).

Awards & Honors
Werner is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Psychological Association, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology and the Gerontological Society of America. Other honors and awards include:

American Academy of Optometry, W. Garland Clay Award  (1991)  ref 17

Humboldt-Preis für Naturwissenschaftler  (1994) ref 18

University of Colorado, Ninetieth Annual Distinguished Research Lecture  (1999) ref. 19

Jules and Doris Stein Research to Prevent Blindness Professorship (2000) ref 20

NIH (NIA) MERIT Award (2001), Lighthouse International (New York), Pisart Award in Vision Science (2008) ref 21

Optical Society of America, Robert M. Boynton Lecture (2013) ref 22

University of Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, Visiting Scholar (2014), International Colour Vision Society

Verriest Medal (2015) ref 23, Colour Group of Great Britain, W.S. Stiles Memorial Lecture (2016) ref 24