User:Gimly24/sandbox

Trying to understand tables coding by copying a similar table to the one i expect to do. Edit : Which i quickly understood.

Measurements Vancouver Coastal Sea wolf
The Vancouver Island Wolf (C. l. crassodon), now known commonly as the Vancouver Coastal Sea Wolf, has been the subject of a few studies on it morphological characteristics.

Wolves are usually classified as adult at the age of 2 year old. This is why I included only the information about that age class (2 years and/or older).

First up, Atkinson and Janz (1986)

There were 9 adult males [Weight (kg), Sex (F or M), Estimated Age (years), Condition (Kidney Fat Index)] :


 * 29.8 kg (M, 5+, Fair)
 * 34.4 kg (M, 2+, Fair)
 * 36.7 kg (M, 7-8, Good)
 * 34.8 kg (M, 3+, Good)
 * 36.2 kg (M, 3+, Poor to Fair)
 * 36.0 kg (M, 5+, Good)
 * 30.8 kg (M, 3+, Good)
 * 34.5 kg (M, 7-8, Good)
 * 33.4 kg (M, 2-3, Fair).

This would give an average (n = 9) of 34.07 kg (rounded : 34.1 kg) and a range of 29.8 to 36.7 kg.

Note : The condition of the wolf is function of the kidney fat index :


 * Best Condition to Worst : G [Good], F [Fair], P [poor] and VP [very poor]

Actually, there were 13 adult males wolves killed (Table 2 : Necropsy results for wolves removed). However, 2 of them were not weighed, 1 was weighed but without his tail and one of his foot (27.5 kg, M, 7+, Good), and another had a very poor [VP] kidney fat index (23.8 kg, M, 2+, Very Poor). There were 6 adult females wolves killed (Table 2). They were :


 * 23.0 kg (F, 4+, Fair) [Weight without tail and one foot]
 * 28.9 kg (F, 7+, Good)
 * 30.6 kg (F, 11+, Poor to Fair)
 * 29.0 kg (F, 2+, Good)
 * 28.3 kg (F, 3+, Good)
 * 23.6 kg (F, 2+, Fair)

This would give an average (n = 5) of 28.08 kg (rounded : 28.1 kg) and a range of 23.6 to 30.6 kg.

The Location was the Nimpkish Valley, on Vancouver Island.

Therefore, I would use the average and range of the 9 adult males with a kidney fat index in-between Poor to Good, discarding the VP male and the one who was weighed without his tail and 1 feet. I would use the average and range of the 5 adult females, discarding the female who was weighed without her tail and a foot.

Then there is the thesis of Scott (1979) :

In the thesis, the individual measurements were taken on 9 captured wolves in-between April 10 and November 1, 1978 near Kelsey Bay, Vancouver Island. Of these, there were 4 adult males and 2 adult females wolves. [Table 6 of the thesis]

The four adult males weighed 38.6, 32.7, 36.7 and 36.7 kg. The mean weight of these 4 adult males was 36.18 kg and the weights ranged from 32.7 to 38.6 kg. The two adult females measured weighed 31.8 and 31.4 kg. The mean weight was 31.6 kg and the weights ranged from 31.4 to 31.8 kg. About other morphometrics of these adult wolves : (M - Male, F- Female) :


 * Total Length (M) [n = 4] : 1777.5 mm (1727 - 1803) | Total Length (F) [n = 2] : 1676.5 mm (1638 - 1715)
 * Tail Length (M) [n = 4] : 458.0 mm (394 - 495) | Tail Length (F) [n = 2] : 432 mm (432 - 432)

There are also measurements given for hind foot length, heart girth and upper/lower canines length.

Finally, the study of Hatter (1988) , also done near Kelsey Bay, Vancouver Island. There were 5 wolves captured in 6 capture events. Of those, 3 were pups : 1 male (twice) and an unknown gender pup and 3 were adult males. They weighed 32.2, 33.8 and 30.8 kg. The average weight is 32.27 kg (Rounded : 32.3 kg).

If we take all adult wolves (excluding those i noted : not weighed, VP, Weighed with tail and foot removed) from the 3 studies (Scott 1979, Atkinson 1986, Hatter 1988), we have 16 adult males and 7 adult females.


 * Adult males [Scott 1979 ; Atkinson 1986, Hatter 1988] (n = 16) : 34.26 kg (Rounded : 34.3 kg) | Range : 29.8 to 38.6 kg
 * Adult females [Scott 1979 ; Atkinson 1986] (n = 7) : 29.09 kg (Rounded : 29.1 kg) | Range : 23.6 to 31.8 kg

Notable Wolves
Those that might deserve a page :


 * Anubis (Mexican gray wolf)
 * AF1042 (Mexican gray wolf) - Longtime breeding female of the Bluestem Pack .She was still alive in 2020 and was 14 years old.
 * B1202F (Denali)
 * B-2M (Idaho Reintroduction in 1995, lived for at least 13 years)
 * B-45F (Idaho) - Went to Oregon in 1999.
 * "Echo" (914F) - Female Wolf collared in Wyoming that travelled south to the Grand Canyon. She was shot on the Arizona/Utah Border in 2014 in a "species misidentification"
 * LAS1F (Lassen Pack)
 * August - found the first pack in Belgium.
 * OR-93M - Oregon wolf who dispersed to California, embarking in a journey to the south of California
 * Pip - Isle Royale Wolf
 * F193 and M183 - The last natural Isle Royale Wolves individuals due to a genetic bottleneck (inbreeding) of the population.
 * W114 - A lone female monitored in Montana and British Columbia in 1979.
 * JNP 112F (Jasper National Park)
 * WA-032M (WSH) - An important wolf of the Teanaway Pack
 * Wolf 8M (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 9F (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 10M (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 21M (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 42F (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 712M (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 755M (Yellowstone)
 * Wolf 911M (Yellowstone)
 * The White Lady (Wolf 1093F) - The longtime dominant breeding female of the Canyon Pack
 * F07 (Switzerland) - One of the first wolves that recolonized Switzerland & probably the wolf having the biggest contribution.

Mammals Suffixes in species names
Commonly called animals names (: "Look a deer ! Look a Whale ! Look a mouse !"

1 word


 * Aardvark
 * Aardwolf
 * Abeomelomys
 * Acouchi
 * Addax
 * Aepeomys
 * Aethomys
 * Agouti
 * Akodont
 * Alpaca
 * Ammodile
 * Angwantibo
 * Anoa
 * Anteater
 * Antechinus
 * Antelope
 * Antsangy
 * Argali
 * Aye-Aye
 * Babirusa
 * Baboon
 * Badger
 * Baiji
 * Bandicoot
 * Banteng
 * Barasingha
 * Barbastelle
 * Bat
 * Bear
 * Beaver
 * Beira
 * Bettong
 * Bharal
 * Bilby
 * Binturong
 * Bison
 * Blackbuck
 * Blesmol
 * Boar
 * Bobcat
 * Bonobo
 * Bontebok
 * Boodie
 * Brucie
 * Bushbaby
 * Bushbuck
 * Bushpig
 * Buffalo
 * Cacomistle
 * Caenolestid
 * Camel
 * Capuchin
 * Capybara
 * Caracal
 * Caribou/Reindeer
 * Cat
 * Cattle
 * Cavy
 * Chamois
 * Cheetah
 * Chevrotain
 * Chimpanzee
 * Chinchilla
 * Chinkara
 * Chipmunk
 * Chiru
 * Chital
 * Civet
 * Coati
 * Colilargo
 * Colobus
 * Colocolo
 * Colugo
 * Conyrat
 * Copyu
 * Coruro
 * Cottontail
 * Cougar/Couguar/Puma
 * Coyote
 * Crateromys
 * Culpeo
 * Cuscus
 * Dasymys
 * Dasyure
 * Deer
 * Degu
 * Delomys
 * Devil
 * Dephomys
 * Desmomys
 * Dhole
 * Dibatag
 * Dibbler
 * Dik-Dik
 * Dingiso
 * Dipodil
 * Djoongari
 * Dog
 * Dolphin
 * Donkey
 * Dorcopsis
 * Dormouse
 * Drill
 * Dromedary
 * Douc
 * Duiker
 * Dunnart
 * Echidna
 * Echiothrix
 * Echymipera
 * Eland
 * Elephant
 * Elk
 * Ermine
 * Falanouc
 * Ferret
 * Fisher
 * Fossa
 * Fox
 * Galago
 * Gaur
 * Gayal
 * Gazelle
 * Gelada
 * Gemsbok
 * Genet
 * Gerbil
 * Gerenuk
 * Gibbon
 * Giraffe
 * Glider
 * Goa
 * Goat
 * Gopher
 * Goral
 * Gorilla
 * Grammomys
 * Grison
 * Grivet
 * Grysbok
 * Guanaco
 * Guenon
 * Guereza
 * Guira
 * Gundi
 * Gymnure
 * Hadromys
 * Hamster
 * Hare
 * Hartebeest
 * Hedgehog
 * Hippopotamus
 * Hirola
 * Hocicudo
 * Hog
 * Horse
 * Howler
 * Human
 * Hutia
 * Hybomys
 * Hyena
 * Hylomyscus
 * Hyrax
 * Ibex
 * Ichthyomyine
 * Ifola
 * Impala
 * Indri
 * Itjaritjari
 * Jackal
 * Jackrabbit
 * Jaguar
 * Jaguarundi
 * Jerboa
 * Jird
 * Juliomys
 * Kakarratul
 * Kaluta
 * Kangaroo
 * Kiang
 * Kinkajou
 * Kipunji
 * Klipspringer
 * Koala
 * Kob
 * Kodkod
 * Kouprey
 * Kowari
 * Kudu
 * Kultarr
 * Kusimanse
 * Lamia
 * Langur
 * Laucha
 * Lechwe
 * Lemming
 * Lemniscomys
 * Lemur
 * Leopard
 * Leopoldamys
 * Lesula
 * Limnomys
 * Linsang
 * Lion
 * Llama
 * Loris
 * Lutung
 * Lynx
 * Macaque
 * Madromys
 * Malbrouck
 * Mammelomys
 * Mandrill
 * Mangabey
 * Manngay
 * Mara
 * Margay
 * Markhor
 * Marmoset
 * Marmot
 * Marten
 * Mastomys
 * Maxomys
 * Meerkat
 * Melanomys
 * Melomys
 * Micaelemys
 * Mink
 * Mole
 * Mongoose
 * Monjon
 * Monkey
 * Moonrat
 * Moose
 * Mouflon
 * Mouse
 * Mulgara
 * Muntjac
 * Muriqui
 * Muskox
 * Muskrat
 * Musquash
 * Mylomys
 * Myomyscus
 * Myotis
 * Nabarlek
 * Narwhal
 * Neacomys
 * Nectomys
 * Nesomys
 * Nesoryzomys
 * Ngadji
 * Nilgai
 * Ningaui
 * Niviventer
 * Noctule
 * Norteño
 * Numbat
 * Nutria
 * Nyala
 * Ocelot
 * Oecomys
 * Okapi
 * Olingo
 * Olinguito
 * Onager
 * Oncilla
 * Opossum
 * Orangutan
 * Orca
 * Oribi
 * Oryx
 * Oryzomys
 * Otter
 * Oyan
 * Paca
 * Pacarana
 * Pademelon
 * Palyoora
 * Panda
 * Pangolin
 * Pankot
 * Paramelomys
 * Peccary
 * Pectinator
 * Pericote
 * Phascogale
 * Pig
 * Pika
 * Pilorie
 * Pipistrelle
 * Pithecheirops
 * Planigale
 * Platypus
 * Pogonomys
 * Polecat
 * Poolkoo
 * Porcupine
 * Porpoise
 * Possum
 * Potoroo
 * Potto
 * Praomys
 * Pronghorn
 * Protochromys
 * Pudu
 * Puku
 * Punaré
 * Quokka
 * Quoll
 * Rabbit
 * Raccoon
 * Rakali
 * Rat
 * Reedbuck
 * Rhagomys
 * Rhebok
 * Rhipidomys
 * Rhinoceros
 * Ringtail
 * Rodent
 * Rousette
 * Sable
 * Saiga
 * Saki
 * Sambar
 * Saola
 * Scolomys
 * Seal
 * Sengi
 * Serotine
 * Serow
 * Serval
 * Sheep
 * Shrew
 * Shrewmouse
 * Siamang
 * Sifaka
 * Sigmodontomys
 * Sitatunga
 * Skunk
 * Sloth
 * Solenodon
 * Springbok
 * Springhaas
 * Springhare
 * Squirrel
 * Steenbok
 * Stenocephalemys
 * Stoat
 * Suni
 * Surili
 * Taeromys
 * Tahr
 * Talapoin
 * Takin
 * Tamandua
 * Tamaraw
 * Tamarin
 * Tapecua
 * Tapeti
 * Tapir
 * Tarkawara
 * Tarrkawarra
 * Tarsier
 * Taruca
 * Tateril
 * Tayra
 * Tenkile
 * Tenrec
 * Thallomys
 * Thomasomys
 * Tiger
 * Titi
 * Toro
 * Triok
 * Tsessebe
 * Tucuxi
 * Tur
 * Uakari
 * Urial
 * Vaquita
 * Vervet
 * Vicuna
 * Viscacha
 * Voalavo
 * Voalavoanala
 * Vole
 * Vontsira
 * Wallaby
 * Wallaroo
 * Walrus
 * Walyadji
 * Warthog
 * Waterbuck
 * Weasel
 * Whale
 * Wildcat
 * Wildebeest
 * Wolf
 * Wolverine
 * Wombat
 * Woodchuck
 * Woodrat
 * Woylie
 * Yak
 * Yirrkoo
 * Yapok
 * Zebra
 * Zebu
 * Zelotomys
 * Zempoaltepec
 * Zokor
 * Zygodont

2 words :


 * African Dormouse
 * African Elephant
 * African Potto
 * Amazonian Nectomys
 * Amazonian Oryzomys
 * Amphibious Rat
 * Andean Deer
 * Antelope Squirrel
 * Arboreal Mouse
 * Arboreal Rat
 * Asian Pangolin
 * Asian Shrew
 * Bactrian Camel
 * Bamboo Bat
 * Bamboo Lemur
 * Bamboo Rat
 * Banded Langur
 * Bandicoot Rat
 * Barred Bandicoot
 * Beaked Whale
 * Bear Cuscus
 * Bear Rat
 * Bearded Pig
 * Bearded Saki
 * Birch Mouse
 * Black Bear
 * Black Howler
 * Black Lemur
 * Black Serotine
 * Black Shrew
 * Black Titi
 * Blossom Bat
 * Bog Lemming
 * Bolo Mouse
 * Bonneted Bat
 * Bornean Gibbon
 * Bornean Maxomys
 * Bottlenose Dolphin
 * Bottlenose Whale
 * Brown Bandicoot
 * Brown Bat
 * Brown Brocket
 * Brown Capuchin
 * Brown Lemming
 * Brown Lemur
 * Brown Mongoose
 * Brown Mouse
 * Bristly Mouse
 * Brush Mouse
 * Brush Wallaby
 * Brushtail Possum
 * Bryde's Whale
 * Bulldog Bat
 * Burrowing Mouse
 * Bush Elephant
 * Bush Rat
 * Bush Squirrel
 * Butterly Bat
 * Cane Mouse
 * Cane Rat
 * Canyon Mouse
 * Caucasian Tur
 * Cave Bat
 * Cave Rat
 * Cerrado Mouse
 * Chaco Mouse
 * China Vole
 * Chinchilla Mouse
 * Chinchilla Rat
 * Chinese Mole
 * Clawless Otter
 * Climbing Mouse
 * Climbing Rat
 * Clouded Leopard
 * Coast Galago
 * Collared Lemming
 * Common Cuscus
 * Common Shrew
 * Congo Shrew
 * Cotton Rat
 * Crested Gibbon
 * Crested Macaque
 * Crested Mangabey
 * Dawn Bat
 * Deer Mouse
 * Desert Jird
 * Desert Mouse
 * Dusky Shrew
 * Dwarf Bat
 * Dwarf Cuscus
 * Dwarf Galago
 * Dwarf Hamster
 * Dwarf Lemur
 * Dwarf Marmoset
 * Dwarf Mongoose
 * Dwarf Porcupine
 * Dwarf Shrew
 * Dwarf Squirrel
 * Earth Rat
 * Edible Rat
 * Egyptian Gerbil
 * Egyptian Jerboa
 * Elephant Seal
 * Elephant Shrew
 * Evening Bat
 * Fallow Deer
 * False Antechinus
 * False Pipistrelle
 * False Serotine
 * Fat Mouse
 * Ferret-Badger
 * Field Mouse
 * Finless Porpoise
 * Flower Bat
 * Flying Fox
 * Flying Lemur
 * Flying Squirrel
 * Forest Bat
 * Forest Dormouse
 * Forest Elephant
 * Forest Genet
 * Forest Hog
 * Forest Mouse
 * Forest Oryzomys
 * Forest Rat
 * Forest Shrew
 * Forest Squirrel
 * Fox Squirrel
 * Freetail Bat
 * Fruit Bat
 * Fur Seal
 * Galàpagos Mouse
 * Garden Dormouse
 * Ghost Bat
 * Giant Hutia
 * Giant Rat
 * Giant Shrew
 * Giant Squirrel
 * Goblin Bat
 * Golden Bat
 * Golden Cat
 * Golden Mole
 * Gracile Opossum
 * Grass Mouse
 * Grass Rat
 * Grass Vole
 * Grasshopper Mouse
 * Grassland Melomys
 * Gray Langur
 * Gray Shrew
 * Gray Squirrel
 * Greater Galago
 * Greater Glider
 * Green Squirrel
 * Grey Kangaroo
 * Grey Mongoose/Gray Mongoose
 * Grizzled Langur
 * Ground Squirrel
 * Guinea Pig
 * Handley's Mouse
 * Hare-Wallaby
 * Hairy Bat
 * Harvest Mouse
 * Heather Vole
 * Hedgehog Tenrec
 * Hero Shrew
 * Highland Hare
 * Highland Hybomys
 * Highland Shrew
 * Hill Rat
 * Himalayan Squirrel
 * Hoary Bat
 * Hog Badger
 * Hoolock Gibbon
 * Hopping Mouse
 * Horseshoe Bat
 * House Bat
 * House Shrew
 * Humpback Dolphin
 * Indian Civet
 * Indian Mongoose
 * Island Dunnart
 * Island Melomys
 * Island Mouse
 * Isthmus Rat
 * Japanese Mole
 * Javan Langur
 * Jumping Mouse
 * Kangaroo Mouse
 * Kangaroo Rat
 * Karroo Rat
 * Key Mouse
 * Killer Whale
 * Leaf Monkey
 * Least Shrew
 * Leopard Cat
 * Lion Tamarin
 * Lowland Olingo
 * Lowland Paramelomys
 * Lowland Shrew
 * Lutrine Opossum
 * Malagasy Mongoose
 * Margareta Rat
 * Marmoset Rat
 * Marsh Rat
 * Mastiff Bat
 * Mimic Bat
 * Mindanao Shrew
 * Minke Whale
 * Mole Mouse
 * Mole Rat
 * Mole Shrew
 * Mole Vole
 * Mona Monkey
 * Monk Seal
 * Montane Mouse
 * Montane Squirrel
 * Montane Voalavo
 * Moss Shrew
 * Mountain Cat
 * Mountain Cavy
 * Mountain Coati
 * Mountain Mole
 * Mountain Rat
 * Mountain Shrew
 * Mountain Squirrel
 * Mountain Vole
 * Mouse-Deer
 * Mouse Lemur
 * Mouse Opossum
 * Mouse Shrew
 * Moustached Bat
 * Multimammate Mouse
 * Mursupial Shrew
 * Mustached Bat
 * Musk Deer
 * Musk Shrew
 * Mysterious Bat
 * Naked Bat
 * Nectar Bat
 * Night Monkey
 * Noctule Bat
 * Olalla Rat
 * Oldfield Mouse
 * Otter Shrew
 * Palm Civet
 * Palm Squirrel
 * Papuan Pipistrelle
 * Patagonian Laucha
 * Patas Monkey
 * Path Shrew
 * Pied Bat
 * Pilot Whale
 * Pine Marten
 * Pine Vole
 * Plains Woodrat
 * Pocket Gopher
 * Pocket Mouse
 * Pouched Bat
 * Pouched Mouse
 * Pouched Rat
 * Prairie Dog
 * Puna Mouse
 * Pygmy Antelope
 * Pygmy Bandicoot
 * Pygmy Dormouse
 * Pygmy Gerbil
 * Pygmy Jerboa
 * Pygmy Marmoset
 * Pygmy Mouse
 * Pygmy Opossum
 * Pygmy Possum
 * Pygmy Shrew
 * Pygmy Squirrel
 * Rabbit Rat
 * Raccoon Dog
 * Rainforest Grammomys
 * Ranee Mouse
 * Rat-Kangaroo
 * Ratlike Hamster
 * Red Bat
 * Red Brocket
 * Red Colobus
 * Red Deer
 * Red Howler
 * Red Kaluta
 * Red Musk Shrew
 * Red Panda
 * Red Pika
 * Red Squirrel
 * Rice Rat
 * Rice Tenrec
 * Right Whale
 * Ringtail Possum
 * River Dolphin
 * River Hog
 * River Otter
 * Rock Hyrax
 * Rock Macaque
 * Rock Mouse
 * Rock Rat
 * Rock Shrew
 * Rock-Wallaby
 * Roe Deer
 * Rope Squirrel
 * Roundleaf Bat
 * Ruffed Lemur
 * Sand Rat
 * Savanna Gerbil
 * Savanna Hare
 * Sea Lion
 * Serotine Bat
 * Servaline Genet
 * Shaggy Bat
 * Shaggy Rat
 * Shrewlike Mouse
 * Shrew Mole
 * Shrew-Mouse
 * Shrew-Rat
 * Shrew Tenrec
 * Silver Vole
 * Silvered Langur
 * Slender Loris
 * Slender Mongoose
 * Slender Opossum
 * Slow Loris
 * Smoky Mouse
 * Snow Vole
 * Snubfin Dolphin
 * Snub-Nosed Monkey
 * Spectral Tarsier
 * Sperm Whale
 * Spider Monkey
 * Spiny Dormouse
 * Spiny Mouse
 * Spiny Rat
 * Spiny Shrew
 * Sportive Lemur
 * Spotted Chevrotain
 * Spotted Cuscus
 * Spotted Deer
 * Spotted Dolphin
 * Spotted Skunk
 * Squirrel Monkey
 * Steppe Lemming
 * Stink-Badger
 * Streaked Tenrec
 * Striped Bat
 * Striped Hamster
 * Striped Mouse
 * Striped Polecat
 * Striped Rabbit
 * Striped Rat
 * Striped Shrew
 * Striped Squirrel
 * Striped Weasel
 * Sumatran Langur
 * Sumatran Niviventer
 * Sun Squirrel
 * Swamp Monkey
 * Swamp Mouse
 * Swamp Rat
 * Swamp Shrew
 * Tailless Bat
 * Taiwan Niviventer
 * Taiwanese Shrew
 * Talaud Melomys
 * Thicket Rat
 * Tiger Cat
 * Tiny Shrew
 * Tomb Bat
 * Tree Hyrax
 * Tree-Kangaroo
 * Tree Mouse
 * Tree Rat
 * Tree Squirrel
 * Tree Vole
 * Trident Bat
 * Tuco-Tuco
 * Twilight Bat
 * Vampire Bat
 * Vesper Mouse
 * Vesper Rat
 * Viscacha-Rat
 * Vlei Rat
 * Volcano Mouse
 * Warty Pig
 * Water Buffalo
 * Water Mouse
 * Water Myotis
 * Water Opossum
 * Water Rat
 * Water Shrew
 * Water Vole
 * Waterside Rat
 * Wattled Bat
 * Weeper Capuchin
 * Whiskered Bat
 * Whistling rat
 * White Bat
 * Wild Ass
 * Wild Dog
 * Wilfred's Mouse
 * Wood Mouse
 * Woolly Bat
 * Woolly Lemur
 * Woolly Monkey
 * Woolly Rat
 * Woolly Opossum
 * Yellow Bat
 * Yellow Muntjac

3 words or more :


 * African Fat Mouse
 * African Forest Mouse
 * African Highland Shrew
 * African Mole Rat
 * Amazon Climbing Mouse
 * Amazon Red Squirrel
 * Amazonian Arboreal Rice Rat
 * American Least Shrew
 * Angolan Epauletted Fruit Bat
 * Arboreal Chinchilla Rat
 * Arboreal Rice Rat
 * Armored Tree-Rat
 * Asian Long-Fingered Bat
 * Asian Roundleaf Bat
 * Asian Sheath-Tailed Bat
 * Asiatic Yellow Bat
 * Atlantic Forest Nectomys
 * Atlantic Forest Oecomys
 * Atlantic Forest Oryzomys
 * Atlantic Forest Rat
 * Atlantic Spiny Rat
 * Atlantic Tree-Rat
 * Bald-Faced Saki
 * Bent-Wing Bat
 * Bent-Winged Bat
 * Big Brown Bat
 * Big-Eared Bat
 * Big-Eared Brown Bat
 * Big-Eared Free-Tailed Bat
 * Big-Eared Mouse
 * Big-Eyed Bat
 * Big-Footed Bat
 * Big-Footed Mouse
 * Black-Banded Squirrel
 * Black Crested Gibbon
 * Black-Handed Titi
 * Blind Mole Rat
 * Borad-Clawed Shrew
 * Broad-Headed Oryzomys
 * Broad-Nosed Bat
 * Broad-Toothed Rat
 * Broaded-Muzzled Myotis
 * Broaded-Nosed Bat
 * Brown Four-Eyed Opossum
 * Brown Horseshoe Bat
 * Brown-Toothed Shrew
 * Brush-Furred Mouse
 * Brush-Furred Rat
 * Brush-Tailed Porcupine
 * Brush-Tailed Rat
 * Buffed-Cheeked Gibbon
 * Bushy-Tailed Cloud Rat
 * Chinese Flying Squirrel
 * Collared Fruit Bat
 * Crab-Eating Rat
 * Crested Mastiff Bat
 * Crimson-Nosed Rat
 * Dark Rice Rat
 * Desert Dwarf Hamster
 * Desert Pocket Mouse
 * Disk-Winged Bat
 * Dog-Faced Bat
 * Dog-Like Bat
 * Dune Mole Rat
 * Dwarf Epauletted Fruit Bat
 * Dyak Fruit Bat
 * Epauletted Fruit Bat
 * Ethiopian Brush-Furred Rat
 * False Rice Rat
 * False Vampire Bat
 * Fat-Tailed Jerboa
 * Fat-Tailed Mouse Opossum
 * Fig-Eating Bat
 * Fish-Eating Rat
 * Five-Toed Jerboa
 * Flat-Headed Bat
 * Forest Brush-Furred Rat
 * Forest Grass Akodont
 * Forest Horseshoe Bat
 * Forest Roundleaf Bat
 * Fork-Marked Lemur
 * Four-Eyed Opossum
 * Free-Tailed Bat
 * Fruit-Eating Bat
 * Funnel-Eared Bat
 * Ghost-Faced Bat
 * Giant Deer Mouse
 * Giant-Flying Squirrel
 * Giant Free-Tailed Bat
 * Giant Mouse Lemur
 * Giant Pouched Rat
 * Giant Rice Rat
 * Golden-Mantled Flying Fox
 * Gray-Brown Musk Shrew
 * Gray Flying Fox
 * Gray Mouse Opossum
 * Great Leaf-Nosed Bat
 * Greater Funnel-Eared Bat
 * Greater Short-Tailed Bat
 * Groove-Toothed Rat
 * Groove-Toothed Swamp Rat
 * Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
 * Hairy-Footed Dunnart
 * Hairy-Footed Gerbil
 * Hairy-Nosed Wombat
 * Hairy-Tailed Rat
 * Harpy Fruit Bat
 * Hog-Nosed Bat
 * Hog-Nosed Skunk
 * Indian Field Mouse
 * Iron-Gray Dwarf Lemur
 * Island Deer Mouse
 * Island Kangaroo Rat
 * Japanese Field Mouse
 * Japanese Horseshoe bat
 * Large-Eared Roundleaf Bat
 * Large-Footed Bat
 * Large-Footed Myotis
 * Large Free-Tailed Bat
 * Large-Eared Giant Mastiff Bat
 * Large-Headed Shrew
 * Large-Spotted Civet
 * Large-Toothed Shrew
 * Leaf-Eared Mouse
 * Leaf-Nosed Bat
 * Lesser Bamboo Lemur
 * Lesser Horseshoe Bat
 * Lesser House Bat
 * Lesser Short-Tailed Bat
 * Lesser White-Toothed Shrew
 * Little Collared Fruit Bat
 * Little Fruit Bat
 * Little Mastiff Bat
 * Little Yellow Bat
 * Little Yellow-Eared Bat
 * Long-Beaked Echidna
 * Long-Clawed Akodont
 * Long-Clawed Mouse
 * Long-Clawed Shrew
 * Long-Eared Bat
 * Long-Eared Hedgehog
 * Long-Eared Myotis
 * Long-Fingered Bat
 * Long-Haired Shrew
 * Long-Nosed Bat
 * Long-Nosed Long-Tongued Bat
 * Long-Nosed Rat
 * Long-Nosed Squirrel
 * Long-Tailed Bat
 * Long-Tailed Dunnart
 * Long-Tailed Giant Rat
 * Long-Tailed Hamster
 * Long-Tailed Melomys
 * Long-Tailed Pouched Rat
 * Long-Tailed Shrew
 * Long-Tailed Shrew Tenrec
 * Long-Tailed Tenrec
 * Long-Tongued Bat
 * Lowland Forest Mouse
 * Luzon Forest Mouse
 * Luzon Forest Rat
 * Luzon Giant Cloud Rat
 * Luzon Shrew Rat
 * Luzon Tree Rat
 * Masked Flying Fox
 * Mauritian Flying Fox
 * Mexican Broad-Clawed Shrew
 * Mexican Cotton Rat
 * Mexican Small-Eared Shrew
 * Mindanao Roundleaf Bat
 * Monito del Monte
 * Monkey-Faced Bat
 * Montane Forest Mouse
 * Montane Shrew Rat
 * Mosaic-Tailed Rat
 * Mountain Ground Squirrel
 * Mountain Spiny Rat
 * Mouse-Eared Bat
 * Mouse-Like Hamster
 * Mouse-Tailed Bat
 * Mouse-Tailed Dormouse
 * Musky Fruit Bat
 * Nail-Tail Wallaby
 * Naked-Backed Bat
 * Naked-Backed Fruit Bat
 * Naked-Tailed Shrew
 * Needle-Clawed Bushbaby
 * Nepalese Horseshoe Bat
 * One-Striped Grass Mouse
 * Palau Flying Fox
 * Palawan Tree Squirrel
 * Parti-Coloured Bat
 * Pencil-Tailed Tree Mouse
 * Pig-Tailed Macaque
 * Plains Gray Langur
 * Pygmy Flying Squirrel
 * Pygmy Fruit Bat
 * Pygmy Rice Rat
 * Pygmy Rock Mouse
 * Pygmy Roundleaf Bat
 * Red-Backed Vole
 * Red Bush Squirrel
 * Red-Cheeked Squirrel
 * Red Flying Fox
 * Red-Handed Howler
 * Red Rock Hare
 * Red-Sided Opossum
 * Rice Water Rat
 * Right Whale Dolphin
 * Rock Elephant Shrew
 * Round-Eared Bat
 * Round-Eared Elephant Shrew
 * Round-Eared Sengi
 * Rufous Horseshoe Bat
 * Rufous Mouse Lemur
 * Rufous-Nosed Rat
 * Sac-Winged Bat
 * Saddle-Back Tamarin
 * Saharan Spiny Mouse
 * Salt Flat Mouse
 * Samoan Flying Fox
 * Scaly-Tailed Squirrel
 * Sheath-Tailed Bat
 * Short-Eared Gerbil
 * Short-Eared Rock-Wallaby
 * Short-Nosed Fruit Bat
 * Short-Tailed Bandicoot Rat
 * Short-Tailed Bat
 * Short-Tailed Gerbil
 * Short-Tailed Mouse
 * Short-Tailed Opossum
 * Short-Tailed Rat
 * Short-Tailed Shrew
 * Single Leaf Bat
 * Slit-Faced Bat
 * Small-Clawed Otter
 * Small-Eared Shrew
 * Small-Footed Myotis
 * Small-Footed Shrew
 * Small Rice Rat
 * Small-Toothed Rat
 * Soft-Furred Mountain Rat
 * Soft-Furred Paramelomys
 * Soft-Furred Rat
 * Soft-Furred Spiny Rat
 * Spear-Nosed Bat
 * Spiny Pocket Mouse
 * Spiny Tree Rat
 * Spot-Nosed Monkey
 * Sprite Gracile Opossum
 * Squirrel Galago
 * Stick-Nest Rat
 * Stripe-Backed Shrew
 * Stripe-Faced Bat
 * Striped-Faced Fruit Bat
 * Striped Grass Mouse
 * Striped Mole Rat
 * Striped Shrew-Rat
 * Sucker-Footed Bat
 * Sumatran Banded Langur
 * Sword-Nosed Bat
 * Tailless Fruit Bat
 * Tailless Leaf-Nosed Bat
 * Tent-Making Bat
 * Thick-Thumbed Bat
 * Three-Striped Dasyure
 * Three-Striped Opossum
 * Three-Striped Squirrel
 * Three-Toead Jerboa
 * Three-Toed Sloth
 * Trident Leaf-Nosed Bat
 * Trumpet-Eared Bat
 * Tube-Nosed Fruit Bat
 * Tufted-Tailed Rat
 * Two-Toed Sloth
 * White-Bearded Gibbon
 * White-Bellied Free-Tailed Bat
 * White-Bellied Rat
 * White-Breasted Hedgehog
 * White-Cheeked Gibbon
 * White Dzhungarian Dwarf Hamster
 * White-Eared Giant Rat
 * White-Eared Opossum
 * White-Faced Capuchin
 * White-Footed Rat
 * White-Fronted Capuchin
 * White-Handed Shrew
 * White-Shouldered Bat
 * White-Sided Dolphin
 * White-Toothed Rat
 * White-Toothed Shrew
 * White-Winged Flying Fox
 * Woolly Horseshoe Bat
 * Woolly Mouse Opossum
 * Wrinkle-Lipped Bat
 * Yellow-Eared Bat
 * Yellow House Bat
 * Yellow-Shouldered Bat
 * Yellow-Toothed Cavy

Individuals Wild/Captive Animals mentioned in wikipedia articles but without their own

 * "Old Gray Guy"/Wolf No. 93 [Isle Royale National Park Wolf] - Wolves and moose on Isle Royale
 * "Scotland Last Wolf" [?] - 1743
 * "Ireland Last Wolf" - 1780s
 * Sankebetsu Brown Bear - Sankebetsu brown bear incident
 * "Clyde", "Teddy" [Kodiak Bears] - Kodiak bear

Weights of Mammals on Wikipedia (Artiodactyla)
348 extant species according to List of artiodactyls

4 suborders : Ruminantia, Suina, Tylopoda and Whippomorpha

Current Indian Muntjac
The Indian muntjac or the common muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak), also called the southern red muntjac and barking deer, is a deer species native to South and Southeast Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. In popular local language, it is known as Kaakad or Kakad (काकड़)

This muntjac has soft, short, brownish or grayish hair, sometimes with creamy markings. It is among the smallest deer species. It is an omnivore and eats grass, fruit, shoots, seeds, bird eggs, and small animals, and occasionally scavenges on carrion. Its calls sound like barking, often when frightened by a predator, hence the common name "barking deer". Males have canines, short antlers that usually branch just once near the base, and a large postorbital scent gland used to mark territories.

Name
The species was formerly classified as Cervus muntjac.

Characteristics
The Indian muntjac has a short but very soft, thick, dense coat that is more dense in cooler regions. Its face is darker and the limbs are dark to reddish brown and the coat color seasonally varies from darker brown to yellowish and grayish brown and is white ventrally. Its ears have much less hair, but otherwise are the same color as the rest of the head. Male muntjacs have short antlers, about 10 cm long, that protrude from long body hair-covered pedicels above the eyes. Females have tufts of fur and small bony knobs instead of antlers. Males also have elongated (2 - 4 cm), slightly curved upper canines, which can be used in male-male conflicts and inflict serious injury. The body length of muntjacs varies from 89 - 135 cm, with a 13 to 23 cm long tail, and shoulder height ranging from 40 to 65 cm. Adult weight ranges between 13 to 35 kg, with males being larger than females. Muntjacs are unique among the deer, having large, obvious facial (preorbital, in front of the eyes) scent glands used to mark territories or to attract females. Males have larger glands than females.

Distribution and habitat
The Indian muntjac is among the most widespread, but least known of all mammals in South Asia. It is found in Bhutan, Bangladesh, southern China, northeastern India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Malay Peninsula, the Riau Archipelago, Sumatra, Bangka Island, Belitung, Java, Bali, and Borneo. It is found in tropical and subtropical deciduous forests, grasslands, savannas, and scrub forests, as well as in the hilly country on the slopes of the Himalayas, at altitudes ranging from sea level up to 3000 m. They never wander far from water.

M. muntjac is a terrestrial mammal. A close survey of its microhabitat on Hainan Island was conducted from 2001 to 2002 by tracking with radio collar the localities of three females and two males. Results showed a favoritism towards shrub grassland, thorny shrub land, and dry savanna over woods, cultivated grass plots, and deciduous monsoon forests. Food availability was higher at foraging sites than at bed sites, but bed sites had taller and denser vegetation. No significant difference in wet vs dry was found in food abundance, so habitat selection seemed to be based upon maximum tree height and canopy diameters.

Ornithodoros indica has been recorded to be a parasite of the Indian muntjac, but it does not likely influence the distribution of this deer.

Distribution of subspecies
There were 15 subspecies included under the species in MSW3 :
 * M. m. annamensis, Indochina
 * M. m. aureus, peninsular India
 * M. m. bancanus, Belitung and Bangka Islands
 * M. m. curvostylis, Thailand
 * M. m. grandicornis, Burmese muntjac, Burma
 * M. m. malabaricus, South India and Sri Lanka
 * M. m. montanus, Sumatran or mountain muntjac, Sumatra
 * M. m. muntjak, Javan muntjac, Java and south Sumatra
 * M. m. nainggolani, Bali and Lombok Islands
 * M. m. nigripes, black-footed or black-legged muntjac, Vietnam and Hainan Island
 * M. m. peninsulae, Malaysia
 * M. m. pleicharicus, South Borneo
 * M. m. robinsoni, Bintan Island and Lingga Islands
 * M. m. rubidus, north Borneo
 * M. m. vaginalis, Burma to southwest China

1-2 of them have since been elevated to species status : M. malabaricus and M. vaginalis (northern red muntjac).

Ecology and behavior
The Indian muntjac is also called "barking deer" due to the bark-like sound that it makes as an alarm when danger is present. It is also called Kakar. Other than during the rut (mating season) and for the first six months after giving birth, the adult Indian muntjac is a solitary animal. Adult males in particular are well spaced and marking grass and bushes with secretions from their preorbital glands appears to be involved in the acquisition and maintenance of territory. Males acquire territories that they mark with scent markers by rubbing their preorbital glands (located on their face, just below the eyes) on the ground and on trees, scraping their hooves against the ground, and scraping the bark of trees with their lower incisors. These scent markers allow other muntjacs to know whether a territory is occupied or not. Males often fight with each other over these territories, sufficient vegetation, and for primary preference over females when mating using their short antlers and an even more dangerous weapon, their canines. If a male is not strong enough to acquire his own territory, it will most likely to fall victim to a predator. During the time of the rut, territorial lines are temporarily disregarded and overlap, while males roam constantly in search of a receptive female.

Predators of these deer include tigers, leopards, clouded leopards, pythons, crocodiles, dholes, wolves, Indian pariah dogs, bears, fishing cats, jungle cats, Asian golden cats, golden jackals and striped hyenas. Foxes, raptors and wild boars prey on fawns. They are highly alert creatures. When put into a stressful situation or if a predator is sensed, muntjacs begin making a bark-like sound. Barking was originally thought of as a means of communication between the deer during mating season, as well as an alert. However, in more recent studies, it has been identified as a mechanism used solely in alarming situations meant to cause a predator to realize that it has been detected and move elsewhere or to reveal itself. The barking mechanism is used more frequently when visibility is reduced and can last for over an hour regarding one incident. Muntjacs exhibit both diurnality and nocturnality.

Diet
The Indian muntjacs are classified as omnivores. They are considered both browsers and grazers with a diet consisting of grasses, ivy, prickly bushes, low-growing leaves, bark, twigs, herbs, fruit, sprouts, seeds, tender shoots, bird eggs, and small, warm-blooded animals. Indian muntjacs are typically found feeding at the edge of the forest or in abandoned clearings. The muntjacs found in the Nilgiri-Wayanad area of south India are always sited in the large tea estates, as they feed mostly on tea seeds. Their large canine teeth help in the processes of retrieving and ingesting food.

Reproduction
The Indian muntjacs are polygamous animals. Females become sexually mature during their first to second year of life. These females are polyestrous, with each cycle lasting about 14 to 21 days and an estrus lasting for 2 days. The gestation period is 6–7 months and they usually bear one offspring at a time, but sometimes produce twins. Females usually give birth in dense growth so that they are hidden from the rest of the herd and predators. The young leaves its mother after about 6 months to establish its own territory. Males often fight between one another for possession of a harem of females. Indian muntjacs are distinguished from other even-toed ungulates in showing no evidence of a specific breeding season within the species. Adults exhibit relatively large home range overlap both intersexually and intrasexually, meaning that strict territorialism did not occur but some form of site-specific dominance exists.

Evolution and genetics
Paleontological evidence proves that Indian muntjacs have been around since the late Pleistocene epoch at least 12,000 years ago. Scientists are interested in studying muntjacs because between species, they have a wide variation in number of chromosomes; in fact, the Indian muntjac has the lowest recorded number of chromosomes of any mammal, with males having a diploid number of 7 and females having 6 chromosomes. They are the oldest known members of the deer family, and the earliest known deer-like creatures had horns instead of antlers, but the muntjac is the earliest known species to actually have antlers. Ancestor to muntjacs is the Dicrocerus elegans, which is the oldest known deer to shed antlers. Other fossils found that deer species experienced a split of the Cervinae from the Muntiacinae, the latter of which remained of similar morphology. Muntjacs of this time during the Miocene were smaller than their modern counterparts. Molecular data have suggested that Indian and Fea's muntjacs share a common ancestor, while giant muntjacs are more closely related to Reeve's muntjac. Although the muntjac deer has a long lineage, little has been studied in terms of their fossil record. The female Indian muntjac deer is the mammal with the lowest recorded diploid number of chromosomes, where 2n = 6. The male has a diploid number of seven chromosomes. In comparison, the similar Reeves's muntjac (M. reevesi) has a diploid number of 46 chromosomes.

Threats
They have played a major role in Southern Asia, being hunted for sport and for their meat and skin. Often, these animals are hunted around the outskirts of agricultural areas, as they are considered a nuisance for damaging crops and ripping bark from trees.

Mammals red links
From List of mammal genera


 * Clade Aegodontia
 * Parvorder Ursida
 * Subfamily Delphinapterinae
 * Subfamily Molossinae
 * Subfamily Neotraginae
 * Subfamily Nyctimeninae
 * Subfamily Phyllonycterinae
 * Superfamily Balaenoidea
 * Tribe Didelphini
 * Tribe Epomophorini
 * Tribe Glossophagini
 * Tribe Lonchophyllini
 * Tribe Lonchorhinini
 * Tribe Marmosini
 * Tribe Micronycterini
 * Tribe Miroungini
 * Tribe Myonycterini
 * Tribe Phyllostomatini
 * Tribe Pteropodini
 * Tribe Scotonycterini
 * Tribe Thylamyini
 * Tribe Vampyrini

Chiroptera (Bats)
From Anoura, Barbastella, Cassistrellus, Chiroderma, Coleura, Cynomops, Desmodus, Eptesicus, Eumops, Glauconycteris, Glischropus, Glossophaga, Hipposideros, Histiotus, Ia (genus), Kerivoula, Laephotis, Lasiurus, Lonchophylla, Lonchorhina, Lophostoma, Macronycteris,Megaderma, Mimetillus, Mimon, Miniopterus, Molossus (bat), Mops (bat), Murina, Myonycteris, Myotis, Mystacina, Noctilio, Nycticeinops, Nyctimene (genus), Pipistrellus, Platyrrhinus, Plecotus, Pseudoromicia, Pteronotus, Pteropus, Rhinonicteris, Rhogeessa, Saccolaimus, Scotonycteris, Scotophilus, Sturnira, Submyotodon, Thyroptera, Tylonycteris, Uroderma, Vampyressa, Vampyrodes, Template:Hipposideridae, Template:Molossidae, Template:Phyllostomidae, Template:Vespertilioninae nav, List of horseshoe bats, List of bats, List of fruit bats, Hipposideridae, Megadermatidae, Vespertilioninae


 * Anoura carishina - ?
 * Anoura javieri - ?
 * Barbastella maxima (extinct)
 * Barbastella pacifica - Japanese barbastelle
 * Cassistrellus yokdonensis - Yok Don helmeted bat
 * Chiroderma scopaeum - Mexican big-eyed bat
 * Chiroderma gorgasi - Gorgas's big-eyed bat
 * Coleura kibomalandy - ?
 * Cynomops kuizha - ?
 * Cynomops mastivus - ?
 * Cynomops tonkigui - Waorani dog-faced bat
 * Desmodus archaeodaptes (extinct)
 * Eptesicus langeri - Langer's serotine
 * Eptesicus orinocensis - Orinoco serotine
 * Eptesicus ulapesensis - Ulapes serotine
 * Eumops chimaera - ?
 * Glauconycteris atra - Blackish butterfly bat
 * Glischropus aquilus - Dark thick-thumbed bat
 * Glossophaga antillarum - Jamaican long-tongued bat
 * Glossophaga bakeri - Baker's long-tongued bat
 * Glossophaga mutica - Merriam's long-tongued bat
 * Glossophaga valens - Ecuadorian long-tongued bat
 * Hipposideros celebensis - Sulawesi roundleaf bat
 * Hipposideros collongensis (extinct)
 * Hipposideros conquensis (extinct)
 * Hipposideros fasensis - ?
 * Hipposideros gentilis - Andersen's leaf-nosed bat
 * Hipposideros kunzi - Kunz's Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat
 * Hipposideros minor (extinct)
 * Hipposideros morloti (extinct)
 * Hipposideros nicobarulae - Nicobar leaf-nosed bat
 * Hipposideros omani (extinct)
 * Hipposideros parnabyi - ?
 * Hipposideros schlosseri (extinct)
 * Hipposideros swinhoei - Swinhoe's roundleaf bat
 * Hipposideros tephrus - Maghreb leaf-nosed bat
 * Histiotus cadenai - Cadena-García's big-eared brown bat
 * Histiotus colombiae - Colombian big-eared brown bat
 * Histiotus diaphanopterus - Transparent-winged big-eared brown bat
 * Ia lanna (extinct)
 * Kerivoula crypta - Cryptic woolly bat
 * Kerivoula depressa - Flat-skulled woolly bat
 * Kerivoula dongduongana - Indochinese woolly bat
 * Kerivoula furva - Dark woolly bat
 * Kerivoula malpasi - Sri Lankan woolly bat
 * Kerivoula pusilla - Bornean woolly bat
 * Laephotis kirinyaga - East African serotine
 * Laephotis robertsi - Roberts's serotine
 * Lasiurus arequipae - Arequipa cinnamon red bat
 * Lonchophylla fornicata - Arched nectar bat
 * Lonchophylla inexpectata - Unexpected nectar bat
 * Lonchophylla orienticollina - Eastern Cordilleran nectar bat
 * Lonchorhina mankomara - Chiribiquete sword-nosed bat
 * Lophostoma yasuni - Yasuni round-eared bat
 * Macronycteris cryptovalorona - ?
 * Megaderma brailloni (extinct)
 * Megaderma gaillardi (extinct)
 * Megaderma jaegeri (extinct)
 * Megaderma janossyi (extinct)
 * Megaderma lugdunensis (extinct)
 * Megaderma mediterraneum (extinct)
 * Megaderma vireti (extinct)
 * Megaderma watwat (extinct)
 * Mimetillus thomasi - Thomas's mimic bat
 * Mimon koepckeae) - Koepcke's spear-nosed bat
 * Miniopterus approximatus (extinct)
 * Miniopterus arenarius - Sandy long-fingered bat
 * Miniopteris blepotis - Javanese long-fingered bat
 * Miniopteris eschscholtzii - Eschscholtz's long-fingered bat
 * Miniopterus nimbae - Nimba long-fingered bat
 * Miniopterus rummeli (extinct)
 * Miniopterus villiersi - Villiers's bent-winged bat
 * Molossus trinitatus - ?
 * Mops congica - ?
 * Mops leonis - ?
 * Murina chrysochaetes - golden-haired tube-nosed bat
 * Murina fanjingshanensis - Fang He tube-nosed bat
 * Murina feae - Fea's tube-nosed bat
 * Murina guilleni - Guillen's tube-nosed bat
 * Murina jinchui - Jinchu's tube-nosed bat
 * Murina kontumensis - Kon Tum tube-nosd bat
 * Murina liboensis - Libo tube-nosed bat
 * Murina loreliae - Lorelie's tube-nosed bat
 * Murina peninsularis - Peninsular tube-nosed bat
 * Murina rongjiangensis - Rongjiang tube-nosed bat
 * Murina shuipuensis - Shuipu tube-nosed bat
 * Myonycteris leptodon - Sierra Leone collared fruit bat
 * Myotis alticraniatus - Indochinese whiskered myotis
 * Myotis ancricola - Valley myotis
 * Myotis armiensis - Armién's myotis
 * Myotis bakeri - Baker's myotis
 * Myotis bartelsii - Bartels's myotis
 * Myotis browni - Brown's whiskered myotis
 * Myotis caucensis - Colombian black myotis
 * Myotis clydejonesi - Clyde Jones's myotis
 * Myotis handleyi - Handley's myotis
 * Myotis larensis - Lara myotis
 * Myotis pilosatibialis - Northern hairy-legged myotis
 * Myotis sowerbyi - Sowerby's whiskered myotis
 * Mystacina miocenalis (extinct)
 * Noctilio lacrimaelunaris - (extinct)
 * Nycticeinops bellieri - Bellier's serotine
 * Nycticeinops grandidieri - Grandidier's serotine
 * Nycticeinops happoldorum - Happolds's serotine
 * Nycticeinops macrocephalus - Large-headed serotine
 * Nyctimene wrightae - New Guinea tube-nosed bat
 * Pipistrellus simandouensis - Simandou pipistrelle
 * Platyrrhinus albericoi - Alberico's broad-nosed bat
 * Platyrrhinus aquilus - Darien broad-nosed bat
 * Platyrrhinus guianensis - Guianan broad-nosed bat
 * Platyrrhinus incarum - Incan broad-nosed bat
 * Platyrrhinus nigellus - Geoffroy's rayed bat
 * Plecotus begognae - ?
 * Pseudoromicia isabella - Isabelline serotine
 * Pseudoromicia kityoi - Kityo's serotine
 * Pseudoromicia mbamminkom - Mbam Minkom Serotine
 * Pseudoromicia nyanza - Nyanza serotine
 * Pteronotus alitonus - ?
 * Pteronotus mesoamericanus - ?
 * Pteronotus rubiginosus - ?
 * Pteropus ennisae - ?
 * Rhinolophus chaseni - ?
 * Rhinolophus gorongosae - Least horseshoe bat
 * Rhinolophus lobatus - Peters' horseshoe bat
 * Rhinolophus refulgens - ?
 * Rhinonicteris aurantia (Pilbara form) - ?
 * Rhogessa permutandis - Nicaraguan little yellow bat
 * Saccolaimus kenyensis (extinct)
 * Scotonycteris bergmansi - ?
 * Scotonycteris occidentalis - ?
 * Scotophilus alvenslebeni - ?
 * Scotophilus altilis - East African yellow bat
 * Scotophilus colias - Eritrean yellow bat
 * Scotophilus nigritellus - Western greenish yellow bat
 * Sturnira giannae - Gianna's yellow-shouldered bat
 * Submyotodon caliginosus - Himalayan broad-muzzled bat
 * Submyotodon petersbuchensis (extinct)
 * Thyroptera robusta (extinct)
 * Tylonycteris fulvida - Blyth's bamboo bat
 * Tylonycteris malayana - Malayan bamboo bat
 * Tylonycteris tonkinensis - Tonkin bamboo bat
 * Uroderma bakeri - Baker's tent-making bat
 * Uroderma convexum - ?
 * Uroderma davisi - ?
 * Vampyressa elisabethae - ?
 * Vampyressa sinchi - ?
 * Vampyrodes major - ?

Dasyuromorphia
From Antechinus, Sarcophilus


 * Antechinus mimetes - Mainland dusky antechinus
 * Antechinus vandycki - Tasman Peninsula dusky antechinus
 * Sarcophilus moornaensis - ? (Extinct)
 * Sarcophilus prior - ? (Extinct)

Didelphimorphia (Opossums)
From Philander, Marmosa, List of didelphimorphs, Monodelphis, Thylamys, Gracilinanus


 * Gracilinanus peruanus - ?
 * Marmosa germana - North-western woolly mouse opossum
 * Marmosa jansae - Jansa's woolly mouse opossum
 * Marmosa limae - ?
 * Marmosa meridae - ?
 * Marmosa parda - Peruvian woolly mouse opossum
 * Marmosa perplexa - Anthony's woolly mouse opossum
 * Marmosa rapposa - Bolivian woolly mouse opossum
 * Marmosa rutteri - Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum
 * Marmosa simonsi - Simons's mouse opossum
 * Marmosa waterhousei - Waterhouse's mouse opossum (Marmosa waterhousii)
 * Marmosa zeledoni - Zeledon's mouse opossum
 * Marmosops pakaraimae - Pantepui slender opossum Voss, Lim, Díaz-Nieto, Jansa, 2013
 * Monodelphis arlindoi - Arlindo's short-tailed opossum
 * Monodelphis sanctaerosae - Santa Rosa short-tailed opossum
 * Monodelphis touan - Touan short-tailed opossum
 * Monodelphis vossi - Voss's short-tailed opossum
 * Philander canus - Common four-eyed opossum
 * Philander melanurus - Dark four-eyed opossum
 * Philander nigratus - Black four-eyed opossum
 * Philander pebas - Pebas four-eyed opossum
 * Philander quica - Southern four-eyed opossum
 * Philander vossi - Northern four-eyed opossum
 * Thylamys citellus - ? (Thomas 1912c)
 * Thylamys fenestrae - ? (Marelli 1932)
 * Thylamys pulchellus - Argentine fat-tailed mouse opossum (this common name already redirects to Thylamys sponsorius)

Rodentia (Rodents)
From Abrothrix, Akodon, Batomys, Bullimus, Carpomys, Cerradomys, Chiropodomys, Coendou, Crateromys, Cratogeomys, Cryptomys, Ctenomys, Dasymys, Diplothrix, Eligmodontia, Erethizon, Fukomys, Galea, Geocapromys, Geomys, Golunda, Gyldenstolpia, Hapalomys, Heteromys, Holochilus, Hydrochoerus, Hylomyscus, Jaculus, Juliomys, Lagostomus, Lophuromys, Microcavia, Micromys, Microtus, Neacomys, Nephelomys, Neusticomys, Niviventer, Oenomys, Oligoryzomys, Otomys, Ototylomys, Oxymycterus, Peromyscus, Petromus, Phyllotis, Plagiodontia, Prosciurillus, Puertoricomys, Pygeretmus, Rattus, Rhipidomys, Scapteromys, Sciurus, Sicista, Soricomys, Spalax, Stenocephalemys, Sundasciurus, Tamiops, Thomomys, Thrichomys, Thryonomys, Tympanoctomys, Vernaya, Zapus, Bathyergidae, Octodontidae, Thryonomyidae, Hutia, List of rodents


 * -
 * -
 * -
 * -
 * -
 * Abrothrix hirta - hairy soft-haired mouse
 * Abrothrix manni - Mann's soft-haired mouse
 * Abrothrix xanthorhina
 * Akodon glaucinus
 * Akodon tartareus
 * Batomys cagayanensis
 * Bullimus carletoni - Carleton's forest rat
 * Carpomys dakai
 * Cerradomys akroai - Akroa rice rat
 * Chiropodomys maximus
 * Chiropodomys primitivus
 * Coendou baturitensis - Baturité porcupine
 * Coendou longicaudatus - Amazonian long-tailed porcupine
 * Crateromys ballik
 * Cratogeomys planiceps - Flat-headed pocket gopher
 * Cryptomys holosericeus - Greater grey mole-rat
 * Cryptomys mahali - Mahali mole-rat
 * Cryptomys natalensis - Natal mole-rat
 * Ctenomys bidaui - Bidau's tuco-tuco
 * Ctenomys contrerasi - Contreras's tuco-tuco
 * Ctenomys thalesi - Thales's tuco-tuco
 * Ctenomys viarapaensis (extinct)
 * Dasymys shortridgei
 * Diplothrix yangziensis
 * Eligmodontia hirtipes - Hairy-footed gerbil mouse
 * Erethizon bathygnathum (extinct)
 * Erethizon cascoensis (extinct)
 * Erethizon kleini (extinct)
 * Erethizon poyeri (extinct)
 * Fukomys hanangensis - Hanang mole-rat
 * Fukomys occlusus
 * Fukomys whytei - Whyte's mole-rat
 * Galea comes - Southern highland yellow-toothed cavy
 * Galea leucoblephara - Lowland yellow-toothed cavy
 * Geocapromys caymanensis - Cayman hutia (Extinct)
 * Geocapromys megas (Extinct)
 * Geocapromys pleistocenicus (Extinct)
 * Geomys jugossicularis - Hall's pocket gopher
 * Geomys lutescens - Sand Hills pocket gopher
 * Geomys streckeri - Strecker's pocket gopher
 * Golunda aouraghei (extinct)
 * Golunda dulamensis (extinct)
 * Golunda gurai (extinct)
 * Golunda jaegeri (extinct)
 * Golunda kelleri (extinct)
 * Golunda tatroticus (extinct)
 * Gyldenstolpia planaltensis - Cerrado giant rat
 * Hapalomys suntsovi - Suntsov's marmoset rat
 * Heteromys nubicolens - Cloud-dwelling spiny pocket mouse
 * Holochilus nanus - Amazonian marsh rat
 * Holochilus oxe - Brazilian north-eastern marsh rat
 * Hydrochoerus ballesterensis (extinct)
 * Hylomyscus heinrichorum - Heinrich's wood mouse
 * Hylomyscus mpungamachagorum - Mahale wood mouse
 * Hylomyscus pygmaeus - Pygmy wood mouse
 * Hylomyscus simus - Flat-nosed wood mouse
 * Hylomyscus stanleyi - Stanley's wood mouse
 * Hylomyscus thornesmithae - Mother Ellen's wood mouse
 * Jaculus hirtipes - African hammada jerboa
 * Jaculus thaleri - Thaler's jerboa
 * Juliomys ximenezi - Aracuaria Forest tree mouse
 * Lagostomus telenkechanum (extinct)
 * Lophuromys laticeps - Albertine Rift brush-furred rat
 * Lophuromys margarettae - Margaret's brush-furred rat
 * Lophuromys rita - Congolese brush-furred rat
 * Lophuromys simensis - simien brush-furred rat
 * Microcavia jayat - Jayat's mountain cavy
 * Microcavia maenas - Thomas's mountain cavy
 * Microcavia sorojchi - Sorojchi mountain cavy
 * Micromys bendai (extinct)
 * Micromys caesaris (extinct)
 * Micromys chalceus (extinct)
 * Micromys cingulatus (extinct)
 * Micromys coronensis (extinct)
 * Micromys kozaniensis (extinct)
 * Micromys liui (extinct)
 * Micromys paricioi (extinct)
 * Micromys praeminutus (extinct)
 * Micromys steffensi (extinct)
 * Microtus elbeyli - Elbeyli vole
 * Microtus lydius - Turkish vole
 * Neacomys aletheia - Upper Juruá bristly mouse
 * Neacomys amoenus - pleasant bristly mouse
 * Neacomys elieceri - Eliecer's bristly mouse
 * Neacomys jau - Jaú bristly mouse
 * Neacomys macedoruizi - Macedo Ruiz's bristly mouse
 * Neacomys marajoara - Marajó bristly mouse
 * Neacomys rosalindae - Rosalind's bristly mouse
 * Neacomys serranensis - Serrano bristly mouse
 * Neacomys vargasllosai - Vargas Llosa's bristly mouse
 * Neacomys vossi - Voss's bristly mouse
 * Neacomys xingu - Xingu bristly mouse
 * Nephelomys ricardopalmai - Ricardo Palma's rice rat
 * Neusticomys vossi - Voss's fish-eating rat
 * Niviventer bukit - Bukit white-bellied rat
 * Niviventer fengi - Tibetan white-bellied rat
 * Niviventer huang - South China white-bellied rat
 * Niviventer lotipes - Hainan white-bellied rat
 * Niviventer mekongis - Mekong white-bellied rat
 * Oenomys tiercelini
 * Oligoryzomys transitorius
 * Otomys fortior - Charada vlei rat
 * Otomys helleri - Heller's vlei rat
 * Otomys thomasi - Thomas's vlei rat
 * Otomys zinki - Mount Kilimanjaro vlei rat
 * Ototylomys chiapensis - La Pera big-eared climbing rat
 * Oxymycterus itapeby - Itapevi hocicudo rat
 * Peromyscus bakeri - Baker's deer mouse
 * Peromyscus carletoni - Carleton's deer mouse
 * Peromyscus carolpattonae - Carol Patton's deer-mouse
 * Peromyscus gardneri - Gardner's deer-mouse
 * Peromyscus laceianus - Northern white-ankled mouse
 * Peromyscus latirostris - wide-rostrum deer mouse
 * Peromyscus nudipes - Talamancan deer mouse
 * Peromyscus nicaraguae - Nicaraguan deer mouse
 * Peromyscus oaxacensis - Oaxacan deer mouse
 * Peromyscus salvadorensis - Salvadoran deer mouse
 * Peromyscus tropicalis - Chimoxan deer mouse
 * Petromus antiquus (extinct)
 * Petromus minor (extinct)
 * Phyllotis pearsoni - Pearson's leaf-eared mouse
 * Phyllotis pehuenche - Pehuenche leaf-eared mouse
 * Plagiodonta spelaeum - Small Haitian hutia (extinct)
 * Prosciurillus alstoni - Alston's Sulawesi dwarf squirrel
 * Prosciurillus topapuensis - Roux's Sulawesi dwarf squirrel
 * Puertoricomys corozalus (Corozal rat)
 * Pygeretmus pumilo (dwarf fat-tailed jerboa)
 * Rattus facetus - Lore Lindu xanthurus rat
 * Rattus sakeratensis - Little Indochinese field rat
 * Rhipidomys albujai - Albuja's climbing rat
 * Rhipidomys similis - Greater Colombian climbing rat
 * Rhipidomys tenuicauda - Turimiquire climbing rat
 * Scapteromys meridionalis - Plateau swamp rat
 * Sciurus argentinius (South Yungas red squirrel)
 * Sicista cimlanica - Tsimlyansk birch mouse
 * Sicista talgarica - Talgar birch mouse
 * Sicista terskeica - Terskey birch mouse
 * Sicista zhetysuica - Zhetysu birch mouse
 * Soricomys montanus - Southern Cordillera shrew-mouse
 * Spalax munzuri? - Munzur mole-rat
 * Stenocephalemys sokolovi - Sokolov's Ethiopian rat
 * Stenocephalemys zimai - Zima's Ethiopian rat
 * Sundasciurus altitudinis - Sumatran mountain squirrel
 * Sundasciurus natunensis - Natuna squirrel
 * Sundasciurus tahan - Upland squirrel
 * Tamiops macclellandii (Himalayan striped squirrel)
 * Tamiops rodolpheii (Cambodian striped squirrel)
 * Thomomys atrovarius - Black-and-Brown pocket gopher
 * Thomomys nayarensis - Nayar pocket gopher
 * Thomomys sheldoni - Sierra Madre Occidental pocket gopher
 * Thrichomys fosteri - Foster's punaré
 * Thryonomys asakomae (extinct)
 * Tympanoctomys cordubensis (extinct)
 * Vernaya prefulva (extinct)
 * Vernaya pristina (extinct)
 * Vernaya giganta (extinct)
 * Vernaya wushanica (extinct)
 * Zapus luteus - Southern meadow jumping mouse
 * Zapus montanus - Central Pacific jumping mouse
 * Zapus oregonus - Oregon jumping mouse
 * Zapus pacificus - South Pacific jumping mouse
 * Zapus saltator - Northwestern jumping mouse
 * Genus Puertoricomys
 * Subfamily Heteropsomyinae
 * Subfamily Heptaxodontinae
 * Subfamily Plagiodontinae
 * Subfamily Tachyoryctinae
 * Tribe Phyllotini
 * Tribe Reithrodontini
 * Tribe Thomasomyini

Pandas

 * Bao Bao
 * Jia Yueyue and Jia Panpan
 * Kang Kang (giant panda)
 * Lan Lan
 * Meng Xiang

Bears

 * Hank the Tank | American Black Bear
 * Terrible Ted (bear) | American Black Bear
 * Brutus (bear) | Brown Bear
 * Sackerson | Brown Bear (Is in one wikiproject but that is considered inactive)

Primates

 * Jo Mendi II | Chimpanzee
 * Kokomo Jr. | Chimpanzee (At least 2 of them)
 * Macaco Tião | Chimpanzee
 * Moja (chimpanzee) | Chimpanzee
 * Pankun | Chimpanzee
 * Jovian (lemur) | Coquerel's sifaka (Is in one wikiproject but that is considered inactive)
 * Mah-Jongg (lemur) | Ring-tailed lemur
 * ANDi | Rhesus Monkey | Genetically modified
 * Ramu (monkey) | Rhesus Monkey
 * Rancho (monkey)

Domestic Animals

 * Blue Peter pets | Cats, Parrots, Dogs, Tortoises (i know parrots are not mammals but anyways)
 * Baxter LePage | dog | Jack Russell Terrier Mix
 * Belka and Strelka | 2 dogs | they went to space
 * Dilyn | Dog | Jack Russell cross
 * Finn (dog) | dog | German Shepherd
 * Gardner-Webb University live mascots | Dogs | Bulldogs
 * Hurricane (dog) | dog | Belgian malinois
 * Mali (dog) | Dog | Belgian malinois
 * Moonie (dog) | Dog | Chihuahua
 * Negro Matapacos | Chilean black dog
 * Norbert (dog) | Dog | Mixed Breed
 * Pete (Theodore Roosevelt's dog) | Dog
 * Ulk (dog) | Dog | Great Dane
 * Sanggeun | Dog
 * Silver Streak (dog) | Dog | German shepherd
 * Taro and Jiro | 2 Dogs | Sikhalin Huskies

Bovines

 * Durham Ox - Individual | Steer
 * Karvardi - Individual | Nelore cattle bull
 * Meadow (calf) - Individual | Black Angus calf
 * Missy (cow) - Individual | Holstein cow
 * Murciélago - Individual | Navarra fighting bull
 * Outlaw (bull) - Individual | Brahma longhorn bull
 * RORA Elevation - Individual | Holstein/Friesian bulls
 * Noah (gaur) - Individual | Gaur

Sheep

 * Tracy (sheep) - Individual | transgenically modified sheep
 * Amur and Timur - Individuals | Tiger and Goat

Cetaceans

 * Port and Starboard (orcas) - Individuals | Killer whales (2)
 * Hope (whale) - Individual | Blue Whale

Elephants

 * Abhimanyu (elephant) - Individual | - Asian
 * Charlie (elephant) - Individual
 * Chengalloor Ranganathan - Individual | Asian
 * Chinna Thambi (elephant) - Individual | Asian
 * John L. Sullivan (elephant) - Individual | Asian
 * Pampadi Rajan - Individual | Asian
 * Tillie (elephant) - Individual | Asian
 * Tuffi - Individual | Asian

Wolves

 * Tiger of Sabrodt - German Wolf
 * Wolf of Soissons - French Wolf

Others Individuals

 * Popeye (seal) - Harbor Seal
 * Sivuqaq (walrus) - Walrus
 * Hole in the Horn Buck - White-Tailed Deer
 * James Jordan Buck - White-Tailed Deer
 * Scarface (lion) - Lion | African
 * Clara (rhinoceros) - Indian Rhinoceros
 * Elizabeth Ann (ferret) - Black-Footed Ferret
 * Nun Cho Ga - Woolly mammoth
 * Hart (deer) - Red deer

Specific mammal(s) or groups of mammals related

 * Geniohyus - extinct genus of mammal
 * Thyrohyrax - extinct genus of mammal
 * Ovicaprid - Goats/Sheeps Together
 * Society for the Protection of the European Bison - bison related
 * Fermilab bison herd - Bison herd
 * Deer of Ireland - Deer related
 * Reindeer in Russia - Reindeer related
 * Caribou herds and populations in Canada - caribou related
 * International Hedgehog Registry - Hedgehogs Pedigrees
 * Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma - Sheep and goats disease
 * Eastern Mindanao gymnure - Should be in wikiprojectMammals ASAP
 * Fresh water skin disease - Marine Cetaceans disease
 * Aggression in cattle - Cattle related
 * Doppler shift compensation - Bat related
 * Stray dog attacks in India - Dog related
 * Spiculosis - Dog pathology
 * Malay civet cat - Viverrid related
 * Life cycle of the tiger - tiger related
 * Warren - Lagomorph related
 * Lethal dwarfism in rabbits - Rabbit genetics
 * Grueneberg ganglion - rodent related
 * Severe combined immunodeficient mice - Mice related
 * Diversity of venomous mammals - Mammal related
 * List of large carnivores known to prey on humans - Carnivore related
 * List of mammals of Nunavut - just in list of lists i think
 * List of threatened mammals of the United States - just list of list
 * Mammalian vision - Mammal related

Breeds

 * Jarmelista - Cattle Breed
 * Marinhoa - Cattle Breed
 * Preta cattle - Cattle Breed
 * Tabapuan - Cattle Breed
 * Podolian cattle - Group of cattle breeds
 * Pulikulam - Cattle Breed
 * Red Chittagong - cattle breed
 * Sibi bhagnari - Cattle breed
 * Mocho Nacional - Cattle Breed
 * Tory Island Cattle - Cattle breed
 * Limia cattle - Cattle Breed
 * Cachena - Cattle breed
 * Siboney de Cuba - Cattle breed
 * Kasaragod Dwarf cattle - Cattle breed
 * Dutch Improved Red Pied - Cattle breed
 * Boškarin - Cattle breed
 * Criollo Mexicano - Cattle breed
 * Abaza goat - Goat Breed
 * Galician goat - Goat Breed
 * Abaza goat - Goat breed
 * Chamba goat - Goat breed
 * Asmari goat - Goat breed
 * Azpi Gorri - Goat breed
 * Payoya goat - Goat breed
 * List of Iberian goat breeds - Goat breed
 * Lohi sheep - Sheep Breed
 * Calico sheep - type of sheep
 * American Blackbelly - Sheep Breed
 * Tsigai - Sheep breed
 * Afrino sheep - Sheep breed
 * Orkhon sheep - sheep breed
 * Guligas - Sheep breed
 * List of North American sheep breeds - sheep breeds
 * List of French sheep breeds - sheep breeds
 * List of North American sheep breeds - Sheep related
 * Bhirum pony - Pony breed
 * M'Bayar - Horse breed
 * Balearic horse - Horse breed
 * Bhadawari - Water Buffalo breed
 * Kunming dog - Wolf-Dog breed
 * Elkhound - Dog breeds
 * Southern Hound - Dog breed
 * List of Hungarian dog breeds - Dog breeds
 * Erbi Txakur - Dog breed
 * Valdueza - Dog breed
 * Sleuth hound - Dog breed
 * List of North American pig breeds - Pig related

Others

 * Pig Olympics - Pig-Related
 * Spraint - Otter Dung
 * Small Hog Operation Payment
 * Fat free lean index - Index of hog quality
 * Big Four (polo)
 * Hominoid Personality Questionnaire - Personality rating instrument for non-human primates
 * Gunn rat
 * G. Rollie White Downs
 * Bel Air Racetrack
 * PIPA Beach Polo World Series
 * Over Thirty Months Scheme
 * Er Enish
 * Fly grazing - agriculture
 * Bedford House Stables
 * Dog Parker
 * Nâçerî
 * Lucy's Law
 * Dog café
 * Russian Institute of Medical Primatology
 * Tagging of Pacific Predators
 * Sealskin
 * Walrus attack
 * Laystall
 * Out-wintering pads
 * Adoption (farming and cattle raising)
 * Feed ban
 * Beef cattle vaccination in Australia
 * Wildlife Acoustics
 * Cow-hocked
 * Angular limb deformity - Pathology
 * Cud
 * Irwin screen

[Category:Mammal taxa] - to review [Category:Dogs] - to review [Category:Cats] - to review [Category:Pigs] - to review [Category:Rabbit breeds] - to review [Category:Extinct mammals by continent] - to review [Category:Mammals by continent] - I'm now at africa [Category:Mammals by country] - to review

WikiProject Mammals WikiProject Dogs WikiProject Equine WikiProject Cats WikiProject Horse racing WikiProject Zoos WikiProject Primates WikiProject Rodents WikiProject Missouri WikiProject Agriculture WikiProject Italy WikiProject Biography WikiProject Formula One WikiProject United States WikiProject North Dakota WikiProject Architecture WikiProject Rodeo WikiProject Basketball WikiProject Cetaceans WikiProject Animal anatomy WikiProject Japan WikiProject New Zealand WikiProject Australia WikiProject Turtles WikiProject Africa WikiProject Kenya WikiProject UK geography WikiProject United Kingdom WikiProject Geology WikiProject Central Asia WikiProject Canada WikiProject India WikiProject France WikiProject Trinidad and Tobago WikiProject Ireland WikiProject Law Enforcement WikiProject Indonesia WikiProject Chile WikiProject Oklahoma WikiProject Ukraine WikiProject Georgia (country) WikiProject Plants WikiProject Biota of Great Britain and Ireland WikiProject Russia WikiProject Armenia WikiProject Lincolnshire WikiProject Equine WikiProject Transport WikiProject Death WikiProject Former countries WikiProject Holy Roman Empire WikiProject Germany WikiProject Bavaria WikiProject Animal rights WikiProject Virginia WikiProject Palaeontology WikiProject California WikiProject Pakistan WikiProject Karachi WikiProject Sweden WikiProject Slovenia WikiProject Medicine WikiProject Greece WikiProject Byzantine WikiProject Middle Ages WikiProject Sports WikiProject Brazil WikiProject Food and drink WikiProject Belgium WikiProject Czech Republic WikiProject Michigan WikiProject Mammals/Bats Task Force WikiProject Festivals WikiProject Animals WikiProject Lancashire and Cumbria WikiProject Palestine WikiProject Alaska WikiProject Paraguay WikiProject Korea WikiProject Books WikiProject Argentina WikiProject Ohio WikiProject Animals in media WikiProject Nepal WikiProject New York (state) WikiProject Molecular Biology WikiProject Turkey WikiProject Iran WikiProject Yorkshire WikiProject China WikiProject Companies WikiProject Crime Military history WikiProject WikiProject Spain WikiProject Internet culture WikiProject Articles for creation WikiProject Oregon ^

Mogera
.

The White Lady
The White Lady (2005 - 2017), also identified as the longtime dominant breeding female of Yellowstone National Park's Canyon Pack, was a female gray wolf. She was famous, just like her maternal lineage, for being an white-colored wolf and being the lead female of the Canyon Pack with her black mate, Wolf #712M, from 2008 to 2016/2017. On April 11 2017, The White Lady was illegally shot and lethally injured inside the national park. This provoked a lot of reactions, suggestions and concerns from many parties and organizations after the National Park Service alongside the Yellowstone Wolf Project confirmed in April (2017) that the popular white female wolf was found by a hiker with labored breathing (due to being shot), and that after the wolf project examined her state, she had to be euthanized.

Hayden Valley Pack (April 2005 - October 30 2007?)

The White Lady was born in the Hayden Valley Pack in April of 2005 to wolves #540F and #541M. This pack formed in 2003 when a group of uncollared wolves were sighted. A trait noted about the members of this pack were that all wolves were very light in color (light gray) or almost white. The dominant breeding female, White Lady's Mother, wolf #540F (collared in 2006), was born in the Nez Perce Pack in 2000 to the light gray wolf #48F & #72M. 540F's mate, wolf #541M (collared in 2006), was born in the Swan Lake Pack in 2001 to gray wolves #152F and #206M. The Hayden Pack always managed to survive in the Hayden Valley withstanding harsh winters and elk wintering outside of their home range. The stable but small pack size and the small litters produced each spring throughout their existence might have been influence by their habitat. In 2006, White Lady's mother had long been reknown for her white pelage amongst the park visitors. Furthermore, the easily accessible Hayden Valley (the core of the pack territory) permitted thousands of visitors to see and enjoy the park wolves. However, habituation to humans and the possibility of visitors having fed this oftenly sighted pack led the National Park Service and the Yellowstone Wolf Project to begin an hazing process [correcting wolf(wolves) behavior in multiple manners to break certain behaviors that can be dangerous and/or hazardous for the safety of people and for their own safety]. An other impact of the close proximity/habituation/potential feeding of wolves by humans was the collaring of the breeding pair #540F and #541M. This served as a purpose to track the movements of the pack amongst others, but also to study how their relations with the park roads. In the spring of 2007, The White Lady, a nearly two years old female, bred with a black interloper (a male from outside the pack, which typically do not remain in the area after copulating). Her mother (540F) bred her father (541M). The denning season followed and that year, members and/or volunteers of the Wolf Project recorded two first in the pack history : The birth of two litters of pups and the birth of a black-colored wolf. ****

The White Lady gave birth to 1 black pup from her mating with the black interloper (which possibly came from the Mollie's Pack), while her parents gave birth to 4 gray pups.***

During 2007, the much larger Mollie's Pack (both in terms of numbers of wolves and the size of wolves) began invading the Hayden's Territory to expand their territory and hunting grounds. This invasion, marked with multiples interactions between the two packs (ex : howling, scent marking), peaked on October 30 2007. Both of White Lady's parents, 541M and 540F, were killed by the rival pack. The loss of the breeding pair sent the remaining members running for their lives, with no territory. Of these, a female ** and 4 pups (including WL's black pup) were known to have escaped/survived. However, one pup is suggested to have died to another inter-pack clash with the large Gibbon Meadows Pack.

[A gray-colored pair of wolves "can't" produce a black wolf (the dominant coat gene) while a gray-black pair can produce a gray or black and black-black can produce a gray or a black] [b = gray, B = black | B is dominant, b is not-dominant] [Gray-Gray [bb x bb] = "100%" gray pups | Gray-Black [1st] [bb x Bb] : bB, bb, bB, bb = "50% gray, 50% black" | Gray-Black [2nd] [bb x BB] : "100% black" [bB, bB, bB, bB] | Black-Black [1st] [Bb x Bb] : BB, Bb, Bb, bb = 75% black, 25% gray | Black-Black [2nd] [BB x Bb] : BB, Bb, BB, Bb = 100 % black | Black-Black [3rd] [BB x BB] : BB 100 %]

The Canyon Group

The White Lady entered the 2008 breeding season (Late January - Start of March with peak activity in Mid-February) alone. Two males from the Mollie's Pack, #587M (gray) and a black male** soon joined the White Lady. Shortly afterwards, another gray male, most likely from Mollie's, joined the group. The latter was sometimes known as "Limper" by wolf watchers.**. The White Lady gave birth to two pups in 2008, but none survived to year end. The group spend most of their time in the general area of the Hayden Pack former territory.

The Canyon Pack

In February 2009, the black male wolf was collared as wolf #712M, and was recognized as the mate of the White Lady. The pack's core territory remains in the Hayden Valley area although they ranged up north to Mammoths Hot Springs. They denned in the latter area in late april and the wolf project, after documenting the activity patterns of the pack, cautiously and preventively haze them when they were appeared in the developed areas of Mammoth or road developpments. Aswell, they closed the trails and den area to human access. All these actions taken by the wolf team was to prevent human-wolf habituation possible problems and also human disturbance of pups and wolves at dens.

[In the summer of 2008, the pack frequently travelled the road in Hayden Valley and approached vehicles. This was never observed in the summer of 2009, suggesting an efficient hazing procedure and wolf management, which caused a behavior change in the pack's wolves]**

The Canyon Pack as a result of these actions, relocated back to their core summer range territory (Hayden) in the middle of May. The only surviving pup noticed with the pack after returning to Hayden Valley [note : The wolf experts did not notice pups back at the den before, therefore, how many pups were born in the litter is unknown, but at least 1]**. The pup is suggested to have died in the summer. Wolf #587M, an old member of the pack left in 2009, leaving the pack to only 3 adults : White Lady (F), 712M (M) and the uncollared gray male [that wolfwatchers tend or would tend to name "Limper"].

2010

The pack comprised of the same 3 adults until (The White Lady and the 2 male wolves) until the birth of White Lady's litter of pups, of which 3 survived to the end of year. This marked the first time that the pack successfully raised pups to year-end (from birth in april-december 31), having failed to do so in 2008 & 2009. They were subject to wolf management early in the year, when they hunted elk in the Mammoth Hot Springs (a developed area). They denned near the Hayden Valley Pack old densite in the Hayden Valley and offered thousands of visitors great viewing opportunities from the roads in the summer and fall, while the wolf management staff ensured the safety of both parties by closing areas near the den and rendez-vous sites. They followed wintering elk back on the Northern Range with winter.

2011

As quoted in the 2011 Yellowstone Wolf Project Annual Report : "As in previous years, the Canyon pack was one of the most visible and habituated packs in the park in 2011". Furthermore, it noted that the pack is still led by the uncollared white female [White Lady] and 712M. After 4 years (2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011) the yearly movements dynamics of the pack is predictable; they winter in Mammoth and spent the remaining seasons in Hayden. The White Lady had 3 pups in 2011. Two out of three survived to year-end (a female pup was killed by the Blacktail Deer Plateau Pack in December). [One of her daughter born in 2010 had to be hazed several times after showing some signs of human habituation, after she was seen being fed by visitors in the spring.]**

The pack at year end consisted of the White Lady, 712M, 3 other wolves aged 1 or above and 2 pups for a count of 7 wolves.**

2012

In 2012, the pack is still led by the aging black male 712M and the uncollared white female [White Lady] and these two wolves were again referred as two of the most commonly seen wolves by park visitors and staff. The pair gave birth to two gray pups. The pack is almost continuously monitored by the staff because of their high tolerance and frequent proximity to visitors. The pack consisted at year-end of The White Lady and her black mate 712M, black female 831F (yearling daughter), 3 other wolves aged 1 or above and 2 pups.

[712M was recollared in the spring of 2012. A black female (831F) born in the pack in 2011 was also collared that spring]

2013

White Lady and 712M had 3 pups, all of which survived to year-end. The pack numbers fluctuated throughout the year with black female 831F dying, an uncollared black female going missing in the breeding season and an uncollared gray female having potentially joined the Blacktail Deer Plateau Pack. At year-end, the pack consisted of The White Lady and her mate 712M, 3 other wolves aged 1 or above and 3 pups for a count of 8 wolves.

2014

For the first time in the Canyon's Pack History, the pack did not produce pups. The White Lady and her mate 712M continued to lead the pack as it dwindled to only 3 wolves at year-end : White Lady, 712M and another wolf aged 1 or above. Many wolves in the pack dispersed or died during the year (as the year-end counts of 8 wolves in 2013 implies). It is to note that only wolf #712M has a radio-collar and that uncollared wolves are harder to locate and identify.

A light gray adult female born in the pack joined wolf #755M, the former breeding male of the Lamar Canyon Pack, and formed the 2014's "755M's Group" which would be also be known as the "Wapiti Lake Group".

2015

The pack breeding pair, White Lady and 712M, gave birth to at least 2 pups, as observations of the pack in October 2015 numbered at least 2 of them. The pack territory shifted closer to the Old Faithful geyser basin. This is possibly due to the growing neighboring and related pack : Wapiti Lake which consist of 712M-White Lady's 5 years old daughter, 755M and their 4 pups.

The Canyon Pack consisted at year-end of the longtime breeding pair (White Lady-712M), 2 other wolves aged 1 or above and 2 pups.

2016

In 2016, 712M's radio-collar battery malfunctioning, the wolf team relied on sightings and camera-traps to monitor the pack and estimate their numbers. The aging leaders are still The White Lady (11 years old) and her black mate 712M (10 years old). However, the only pup seen with the pack might not be hers as suggested by the annual report. The pack consisted of The White Lady, her mate 712M, 3 other wolves aged 1 or above and 1 gray pup at the latest observation of the pack in 2016.

2017 - Dissolution

In the spring of 2017, the White Lady was nearing twelve years of age [the oldest wolves recorded in Yellowstone National Park all reached 12 years of age] and had difficulties keeping up with the pack. On april 11 2017, she was illegally shot inside the national park and suffered lethal injuries. She was found shortly afterwards by a person who contacted the wolf project, reporting an injured wolf. The staff, after assessing that her injuries were extremely severe and fatal, decided to euthanize her.

Her longtime mate, wolf #712M, disappeared after her death and the sightings of remaining Canyon members ceased by the end of the summer. Only one uncollared female remained and she paired with an uncollared black male. Unfortunately, the pair travelled north of Yellowstone National Park in the winter, and were harvested in Montana's Management Unit 390 during the wolf hunt.

This marked the end of the nearly 10 years reign of the pack.

Legacy**

The uncollared gray female born to The White Lady and 712M in 2010, formed the Wapiti Lake Pack in 2014 with 755M. Her coat, just like her mother and grand-mother, lighten with age [Some gray colored wolves coats lighten with age; the same applies to some black wolves, like 712M, whose black coat grayed with age, ressemblant of an old black dog coat]. She led the pack from 2014 until she went missing in the middle of 2021. A huge number of wolves descends from the Wapiti Lake White "Alpha" Female, and many of them having formed their own packs or having joined existing packs as a breeder.

The Wapiti Lake Pack is one of the many packs of the national park currently monitored.