User:Globalorthodontist/Causes of Facial Asymmetry

Dental Causes

 * Loss of Deciduous Teeth
 * Congenitally missing tooth/teeth

Skeletal Causes

 * Mandible only
 * Condylar Hyperplasia
 * Condylar Hypoplasia
 * Condylar Neoplasia
 * Condylar Resorption
 * Maxilla only
 * Combination of both (Hemifacial Microsomia, Parry–Romberg syndrome)

Muscular Causes

 * Masseter Hypertrophy
 * Sternocleidomastoid fibrosis (Torticolis)

Functional Causes

 * Malpositioned tooth
 * Constricted maxillary arch

Traumatic Causes

 * Condylar Fracture

Evaluation
Evaluation of facial asymmetry can be done by diagnostic aids listed below. A radiograph such as panoramic x-ray can allow one to measure the length difference between the two ramus of the mandible. A PA Cephalogram allows one to understand the differences between bony structures on the left and the right side of the face.
 * Extra-oral photographs
 * Lateral Cephalograms
 * Frontal Cephalograms
 * Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
 * Radioisotope imaging
 * Dental Casts
 * Panoramic Radiograph
 * Stereophotogrammetry
 * Laser scans

Characteristics
Mandibular asymmetry may present itself in 3 planes of space: Vertical, Transverse or Antero-posterior. It is important to note that these features maybe caused by either skeletal, dental or functional causes of asymmetries.
 * Lower dental midline deviation
 * Canted occlusal plane
 * Due to increased mandibular ramus or condyle
 * Increased supra-eruption of posterior teeth on the affected side
 * Unilateral Crossbite
 * Chin deviation