User:Gloriazhao0905/sandbox

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Challenges
Cross culture communication refers to the interaction between people which often involves individuals hailing from different identities, cultures, and values. However, although our connection to others becomes much closer than before because of globalization, cross-cultural problems such as cultural conflicts will inevitably appear. The challenge of the cross-cultural communication could be caused by: different spoken languages, different application of nonverbal communication and cultural difference caused by specific religion.

Different application of nonverbal communication Nonverbal communication refers to all the non-verbal information generated by the encoder in a specific context in certain communicative environment, which plays a pivotal role in being used to study the cultural inconsistency. It is composed of facial expression, eye contact, posture, gesture and etc. However, nonverbal communication may cause confusion in the circumstances of cross-cultural communication because of three factors. Firstly, the same nonverbal signals may have a different meaning to people in different cultures. Secondly, when interacting, several nonverbal signals may cause vague or ambiguous explanation. Thirdly, individual differences such as personality, gender, or society status can also create diverse patterns nonverbal communication in the circumstances of different culture.

Existence of cultural variability

Cultural difference can often lead to misunderstanding because of the lack of correspondence in different cultural backgrounds. In the campus, students from European countries or China may not understand some terms such as tenured, because such forms do not exist in some universities in Europe and China. In the workplace, such experiences such as misunderstanding in terms, sensitivities and communication that is less open often happens to people who are new to the company. In addition, returnees who graduated from a famous universities, or returned from a well-established company and are also regarded as experts in their own field experienced distrust from the top local management.

The upper and upper middle classes

These kind of people which mainly consists of the rich, the businessman, industrialists and etc. are viewed as one of the barriers to the cross-cultural communication. They tend to be integrated into their own transnational socio-cultural systems. It is showed that they make little contribution to the development process of cross-cultural communication because they ignore their responsibility to provide direction and guidance to expatriates or experts in arranging projects that are correct and relevant for the development of their countries.