User:GoatCheesePizza/sandbox

Lead Section:
The lead section is a very brief introduction to what topic the articles covers and it's interconnectedness to many other fields, but the phrasing is slightly nebulous and makes it difficult to understand what the topic actually is. For example, the first sentence states the various relationships that exist within information privacy, but gives little intuition as to how they work. The lead section is very concise and doesn't introduce any ideas that aren't covered in the article, but it doesn't explicitly cover what the articles sections are.

Content:
The article seemed to stay very directly on topic with each subsection and idea being closely connected to the overall umbrella of information privacy. A variety of aspects of information privacy were covered from. This includes but is not limited to ways in which your personal information may be collected, various policy approaches to address the issues of large entities sharing individuals private information, and the different types of information that can be collected. I don't feel as if there were any sections or bits of information that distracted from the core topic at hand.

There is some degree of variance in terms of the dates of the sources with the distribution being from the early 2000's to the end of the 2010's. This is understandable for some parts where the article discusses an event that occurred in that year, but significant issues arise when sources are cited for general ideas that are changing rapidly be the year. For example, the internet section of information types has various sources that are dated to the early 2000's. Additionally, the article mentions the importance of knowing the most current information on privacy law because this field is constantly changing, yet the sources for this is from 2013. It stands to reason that more current sources might be more appropriate in order to gather the most current information.

In addition to potentially needing more current information, the educational information piece could use more description to make it more consistent with how information is portrayed in the rest of the article. The information types section of the article provides a general understanding of a few mediums in which different information about you is collected. How such information is used and potentially how to avoid the collection in the first place are also included. This is true except for the section on educational information which describes specific incidence of the United Kingdom's Education Secretary advocating for making specific student information more accessible. The process of how this could occur is described, but it doesn't contain much general knowledge about education information. Perhaps general details of education information isn't available, but it could be useful to include this instead of only a specific incidence. This being said, it is importance to have balance in terms of which section get proportional coverage.

Consistent with the fact that a specific instance was presented in a more general section, the discussion around various aspects of information privacy seems to be concentrated much more in areas such as the United States and the United Kingdom. A variety of links to specific examples in countries across the world are provided, but points that are described in greater detail are almost all from these two countries. While it's possible that information privacy is more important and relevant in these countries, the allocation of article space in this way is a potential cause for concern. It is possible that this article is too focused in these geographic regions and under-represents what is being documented in the rest of the world. If this were true, it would go against Wikipedia policy of accurately portraying informational it is present in academic sources.

The article in general has some significant discrepancies into how much detail is put into different areas. For example, the United States Safe Harbor program and passenger name record issues section is the largest individual section, despite being about a few agreements made between the United States and the European Union. This contrasts with the fact that entire areas types of information privacy only get a few sentences and the authorities on information privacy is a bullet point list. As always, this discrepancy could be due to their relative importance and coverage in reliable sources, but it is a concern.

Tone:
In general, the article gives off a very neutral tone that details the various aspects of information privacy, while describing the fact of certain laws or ways in which your information may be collected. There appears to be very little overall persuasion, but a couple key sentences contain what appears to be value-based wording. Under the educational information types section, the article states that "improved" regulation would might allow for a form of data collection. It is not clear what improved means in this context and this appears to be a value-based statement because there is not definitive better regulations. Additionally, this section stated the United Kingdom's Education Secretary's analysis of the situation and it is not clear if his statements are the majority opinion or if there exists other prominent ways of viewing the situation. Later in the article, the word "unfortunately" is used to describe the possibility of voter fraud and other concerns associated with electronic voting. The negative sentiment about possible election hacking is expressed in the source for this paragraph, but it is not clear who is making this statement in the context of the article. From the surface, it appears to be a plain value-based judgement that could persuade the readers into an opinion on the subject. However, it is only a minor detail because it is a singular word.

As previously discussed, the majority of examples that the article goes through occur in the United States and United Kingdom. This means that there is a possibility for the attitudes of these countries towards information privacy regulations to be overrepresented as opposed to other places in the world. This concern is increased considering that the article indicates how varied privacy laws are around the world.

Sources:
While the overall quality of the sources in this article meet wikipedias criteria, a few of them raise significant questions that present problems for the overall article. Not all the facts in the article are backed by reliable secondary sources of information. A few of them are actual company promotional websites that are intended to sell products, while entire sections such as Financial don't have a reference at all. The sources that are appropriate according to wikipedias quality standards do seem to reflect a variety of diverse opinions from authors that reflect the available literature of the topic. Some of the links don't work at all which is another serious problem. Some of the weakly cited references could certainly be replaced with a more reliable source that are more academic.

Organization and Writing Quality:
The article is well-written overall, with the lead section perhaps being the most confusing part. This is a concern because it is the very first thing a viewer reads, but it doesn't make the article incomprehensible in any way. There are no grammatical or spelling errors and the various sections accurately reflect the major subdivisions.

Images and Media:
The article contains no media or images.

Talk page discussion:
There hasn't been too many active discussion for the past couple of years with only a few suggestion that have received a response. The majority of the recent discussion posts are centered around adding more information to sections that are lacking it, improving the organization of the article by adding more subdivisions, and concerns over sources cited. Going back a few years, the discussion was centered around which information should be included in what sections and other source concerns. The definitions of some of the information covered in the article is murky and this contributed to these discussions. The article is rated C-class and is associated with three WikiProjects: Computing, Internet, and Mass Surveillance. While we haven't had extensive lectures on the subject, the article doesn't appear to be different from the ways in which we have discussed information privacy in meetings.

Overall impressions:
The article contains some very informative sections that appear to cover the topics well with a variety of cited sources, but this isn't true for the overall article. It is crucial that the broken links and sources that include promotion websites are removed or replaced. This would add to the strength of the article and allow it to reflect more accurately on the subject. Additionally, the amount of space given to various sections could be improved. The article is close to being well-developed, but some major factors are holding it back.

Lead Section:
The lead section is incredibly informative and well-written, but some parts are a little too long. The introductory sentence is much more than a description of the topic and gets into a variety of details. It only mentions one of the three sections of the article. No information is presented that isn't contained in the overall article. Overall, the lead section provides a concise yet understandable introduction to the topic, but its individual parts could use some organizing.

Content:
Every single detail of this article is extremely relevant to the topic. There is not very much information included at all, which means that what is included is directly a part of the topic. The content is generally pretty up to date considering the fact most of the sources cited are from the mid-late 2010s and the oldest is from 2008. No content is directly missing that makes it so that a necessary information isn't covered, but the sections could be expanded upon to include more detail. The article doesn't mention any historically underrepresented topics or populations.

Tone and Balance:
This article is very obviously neutral and presents viewpoints on the subject accurately. It's contents are almost entirely fact-based so there is no opinion involved in any statements made. It details what the organization does, how it does it, and who it works with. No viewpoints are overrepresented or underrepresented because there aren't significant contrasting viewpoints on the subject of what the work of the organization is. It doesn't appear that any minority viewpoints are even expressed at all, but none are significantly present in relevant literature. The article doesn't attempt the persuade the reader into any opinion on the subject as no value-based statements are made.

Sources and References:
Not all of the facts in the article are backed by reliable secondary sources of information because a blog is used to support many of the facts given in the article. Overall, very few sources are given at all and entire paragraphs only have one reference. References to a single source of information are used multiple times. The sources are pretty current, but they don't completely entail the available literature on the subject. There aren't multitudes of available sources that could replace the ones already cited, but those that do exist aren't used. With so few sources, the article struggles to get a diverse spectrum of authors or represent historically marginalized communities. Not all the links work and some of the sources cited don't even have links. The neutralness of the sources cannot be confirmed given their lack of

Organization and writing quality:
The writing of the article is very easy to understand and to the point. With only a couple exceptions, there aren't too many drawn out sentences that are difficult to follow. It contains no grammatical errors and is broken down into very appropriate sections.

Images and Media:
The article doesn't contain any media or images.

Talk page discussion:
There are no posts on the talk page. This is reflective of the limited sourcing and knowledge available in the article. It doesn't have a rating and isn't associated with ant WikiProjects.

Overall impressions:
The information that the article does contain is very relevant to the topic and written in an understandable manner. However, there is an apparent lack of appropriate sourcing and collaboration on this page that limits the overall quality of the article. It needs much more work in order to be considered a accurate representation of the topic. It is currently underdeveloped, but can be improved by including more reliable sources that could also add to the information contained.

Article:
La Dirección Nacional de Protección de Datos Personales (PDP) es el órgano de aplicación de la ley de protección de datos personales (ley 25.326) del gobierno de la República Argentina. Depende del Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos.

Tiene a su cargo el Registro Nacional de las Bases de Datos, instrumento organizado a fin de conocer y controlar las bases de datos que circulan en el país. Además, asesora y asiste a los titulares de datos personales recibiendo las denuncias y reclamos efectuados contra los responsables de los registros, archivos, bancos o bases de datos por violar los derechos de información, acceso, rectificación, actualización, supresión y confidencialidad en el tratamiento de los datos. Las denuncias que se hagan ante la DNPDP, son al exclusivo efecto de revelar deficiencias o incumplimientos a las normas aplicables en el tratamiento de los datos personales que hagan los archivos, registros bancos o bases de datos.

Su sede se encuentra en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.

Funciones
General:


 * Investigar si las bases de datos denunciadas dan cumplimiento o no a los principios que establece la Ley 25326 y las disposiciones reglamentarias.
 * Denunciar y asistir a aquellas personas físicas o jurídicas que violen los derechos de información, acceso, rectificación, actualización, supresión y confidencialidad en el tratamiento de los datos.

La DNPDP Informará:


 * La existencia de una base de datos.
 * Objeto de la recolección de datos y cuál es su fin último.
 * Nombre y domicilio del responsable de la base de datos.

Los ciudadanos podrán ejercer las siguientes acciones en caso de incumplimiento de la Ley:


 * Supresión de datos personales de registros de bases de datos en caso de comprobarse el hecho denunciado.
 * Rectificación de datos personales de registros de bases de datos.
 * Acceso a la información.
 * Actualización de datos personales.
 * Confidencialidad en el tratamiento de datos.

Otras funciones:


 * Acción Judicial de Habeas Data. Esta acción procede para tomar conocimiento de los datos personales almacenados en archivos, registros o bancos de datos públicos o privados destinados a proporcionar informes, y de la finalidad de aquellos. En caso de falsedad o discriminación solicitará la supresión, rectificación, confidencialidad o actualización de sus datos.
 * Aprobación de Transferencias Internacionales de bases de datos.
 * Control de las bases de datos a través del Registro Nacional de bases de Datos privadas y públicas.
 * Inspecciones en empresas y organismos.
 * Aplicar la Ley del Registro No Llame.

Historia
Fue creada en el año 2000 como órgano de aplicación de la ley de protección de datos personales (ley 25.326) sancionada en el año 2000, durante el gobierno de Fernando de la Rua y reglamentada en el año 2001 con el decreto 1558/01.

Mediante el Decreto 746/2017 en su artículo 19 indica que la Agencia de Acceso a la Información Pública actuará como Autoridad de Aplicación de la Ley de Protección De Datos Personales N° 25.326.

Argentina es un país con nivel adecuado de protección de Datos Personales. En el año 2003 la Unión Europea (UE) ha otorgado a la normativa argentina la adecuación en los términos de la Directiva Nº 95/46/CE.

Registro Nacional de Bases de Datos
Objetivos:

Es el medio que la ley otorga para conocer y controlar a los registros, archivos, bases o bancos de datos que traten datos personales.El acceso para consultar el registro es público y gratuito.. Por medio de él todas las personas podrán conocer qué tipo de información es la que maneja cada base de datos y quién es el responsable de la misma. De esta manera, la inscripción significará para las bases de datos cumplir con el requisito de licitud que exige la Ley Nº 25.326 (art. 3º y 21 inciso 1). Los particulares podrán acudir a la DNPDP a efectos de conocer qué bases de datos pueden tener sus datos, quién es el responsable, y luego acudir a dichos registros, archivos, bases o bancos de datos para corregir, suprimir o rectificar el asiento.

Isologotipos:

Los responsables de bases de datos personales que tengan trámite aprobado de inscripción en el Registro Nacional de Bases de Datos podrán hacer uso del isologotipo aprobado por la Disposición DNPDP Nº 6/05.

Procedimientos de inspección
Objetivos:


 * Tomar conocimiento de las actividades del Responsable de las Bases de Datos, sobre los datos personales que administra y los medios y la forma con que los hace.
 * Se evalúa el grado de cumplimiento por lo prescripto por la Ley Nº 25.326.
 * Realizar recomendaciones para el mejor desempeño del responsable dentro del marco legal

Alcance de la Inspección:


 * Capacitación
 * Legalidad de los datos que posee y gestiona: licitud en la recolección de los datos e inscripción actualizada en el Registro Nacional de Bases de Datos
 * Idoneidad de los medios empleados en el tratamiento de los datos y en toda gestión anexa
 * Correcto tratamiento de los datos personales: almacenamiento, ejercicio de los derechos que acuerda la ley a los titulares de los datos, cesión a terceros, transferencia internacional, contratos de prestación de servicios de tratamiento de datos o para terceros
 * Publicidad y formas de comunicación hacia terceros que realiza y que involucre a los datos personales de lo que es responsable

Encuentros Nacionales e Internacionales
La DNPDP organiza eventos Seminarios Nacionales e Internacionales con la participación de especialistas de Argentina y el mundo. Los fines son fomentar la educación de la Protección de Datos Personales.

Nómina de directores
Los directores de la PDP fueron:

National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data[edit]
The National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data (PDP) is the enforcement body for the Argentine Republic's National Personal Data Protection Act (Act 25.326). It is a dependency of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights.

The directorate is in charge of the National Databases Register, a tool that is organized in order to understand and control the data bases that circulate throughout the country. Furthermore, the National Databases Register assists and advises the data holders, who are responsible for the archives, data banks, registers and databases, with complaints and claims made against them. Such claims are made for violations of rights of information, access, rectification, updating, deletion, and confidentiality in the processing of data. The complaints that are brought before the National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data are exclusively about revealing deficiencies or incompliance with applicable standards in the treatment of personal data that are made by archives, data banks, registers and databases.

The National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data's headquarters is located in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.

Functions[edit][edit]
General:


 * Investigate whether or not the reported databases are in compliance with the principles established by the Act 25.326 and the regulatory provisions.
 * Report and assist individual people and organizations that violate the rights of information, access, rectification, updating, deletion, and confidentiality in the processing of data.

The PDP Will Report:


 * The existence of a database.
 * The target of data collection and their ultimate goal.
 * The name and address of whomever is responsible for a filed database.

Citizens will be able to exercise the following actions when their rights have been violated:


 * Deletion of personal data from databases in cases where alleged facts need to be checked.
 * Correction of personal data in registers of databases.
 * Access to information.
 * Updating personal data.
 * Confidentiality in the processing of data.

Other functions:


 * Judicial action of Habeas Data. This action can be used my people who wish to take account of the personal data stored in archives, registers, and public and private data that will be used to provide reports and the purpose of such reports. In cases of lies or discrimination being discovered, people can request the deletion, correction, confidentiality or updating of their personal data.
 * Approval of international transfer of databases.
 * Control of public and private databases through the National Databases Register.
 * Inspections of companies and organizations.
 * Application of the National Do Not Call Register Act.

History[edit][edit]
The National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data was founded in 2000 as the enforcement organization for the National Personal Data Protection Act (Act 25.236). The National Personal Data Protection Act itself was approved during Fernando de la Rua's administration and was regulated in 2001 by the Decree 1558/01.

Article 19 of the Decree 746/2017 indicates that the Agency of Access to Public Information will act as the enforcement authority for the National Personal Data Protection Act (Act 25.236).

In 2003 the European Union (EU) granted Argentine regulations on personal data protection adequacy in the terms of the Data Protection Directive (Directive 95/46/EC). The EU considers Argentina as a country with an adequate level of personal data protection.

National Databases Register[edit][edit]
Objectives:

It is the medium that the National Data Protection Act uses to know and control the registers, archives, databases, and databanks that contain personal data. Access to consult with the register is public and free. Via this tool, everyone can know the type of information that each data base manages and who is responsible for such data bases. Due to this, the registration of a data base in the National Databases Register means that it is compliant with the requirement of lawfulness that the Act 25.326 demands (article 3 and article 21 paragraph 1). Individuals can go to the National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data to find out which databases can have their information and who is responsible. Such individuals can then go to registers, archives, databanks, and databases to potentially correct, delete or rectify entries.

Isologotypes:

Those responsible for personal data databases that have approved registration paperwork in the National Databases Register can make use of the approved isologotype approved by the National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data provision 6/05.

Inspection Procedures[edit][edit]
Objectives:


 * Take note of the activities of whomever is responsible for the database with regards to the personal data they manage. This can include the means by which they manage the database.
 * The degree to which the database in compliant with Act 25.326 is evaluated.
 * Make recommendations for how best the responsible party should function within the legal framework.

Scope of the Inspection:


 * Training.
 * Legality of the data that the responsible party possesses and manages.
 * Legality of the collection of data and updated registration in the National Databases Register.
 * Suitability of the methods used in the treatment of data and respective management.
 * Correct treatment of personal data: storage, exercise of rights in the accordance with laws surrounding data holders, transfers to third parties, international transfers, contracts for the lending of data processing services or third parties.
 * Advertising and forms of communication with third parties that involve personal data that the responsible party is accountable for.

National and International Meetings[edit][edit]
The National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data organizes national and international seminar events with the participation of experts from Argentina and around the world. The goal is to promote education on the protection of personal data.

List of Directors[edit][edit]
The directors of the National Directorate for Protection of Personal Data were:

Weekly "Virtual" Lab Discussion: Articles Similarities and Differences

 * Look for important terms, concepts, and technical phrases within your assigned article. Do these concepts translate neatly into English? If not, how can you effectively communicate those topics in your translated article?


 * In general the article seems to translate fairly well, but when the sentences get into the technical aspects of the organization, the phrasing gets convoluted. It may be difficult to translate some of these sentences into English because, as currently written in the article, they are very drawn out and some of the words have multiple interpretations. The overall meaning can be effectively communicated, but it will take some reworking of the sentences that doesn't maintain their original
 * How confident are you in translating your assigned article & what resources are available to you if you get stuck? Remember, you do not need to be an expert in your language to translate, but should feel comfortable asking for help when needed.
 * I am not confident that I will be able to translate the article on my own, but I know that I have enough resources at my disposal to get me through the tough parts. If I do get stuck I have many options including going to office hours, looking at various translations resources on the internet and consulting with available dictionaries.
 * English Wikipedia has style manuals to help editors maintain consistency and readability. What writing resources are available on your language Wikipedia? Include these in both your discussion responses and the final project.
 * The Spanish Wikipedia also contains style manuals that try to assist with consistency. They have a general style manual that covers a wide range of topics, but also has links and references to many specific manuals. These tend to be shorter and cover only a couple topics. There are a variety of these style manuals that likely cover most topics I could have questions about.
 * Readability is important when writing a Wikipedia article. What strategies can you use or what adjustments can you make to facilitate your potential viewers' comfort when reading the article?
 * Referring to the style guides can be very helpful for understanding how to make your article easily understood. They will have advice on how to format your sentences and overall paragraphs to best suit the website's preferences. On a smaller scale, I can leave the work for certain periods of time and then come back to it and see if I can understand my writing. It would be important to have a critical eye when doing this in order to catch all the potential sources of confusion. It might be best to assume I know nothing about the subject and try to read the article. Additionally, listening to any feedback I get from peer-editing will be helpful because they provide another perspective on the article that I don't have.
 * How much of a cultural understanding would readers need in order to understand the concepts presented in the article? How might you communicate this background knowledge in your translation?
 * There is only a limited amount of cultural knowledge that is needed to understand this article. While there is information that is specific to certain countries, it is mostly technical knowledge about how a certain law or organization works. The majority of references to these legal and governmental ideas are explained with only a couple exceptions. The more difficult part seems to be understanding these explanations. Including a link to the relevant article about a specific subject could be useful as well as providing more detail that explains what you need to know about the reference. Potentially a new source would be needed to back up this explanation.
 * How much of a cultural understanding would readers need in order to understand the concepts presented in the article? How might you communicate this background knowledge in your translation?
 * There is only a limited amount of cultural knowledge that is needed to understand this article. While there is information that is specific to certain countries, it is mostly technical knowledge about how a certain law or organization works. The majority of references to these legal and governmental ideas are explained with only a couple exceptions. The more difficult part seems to be understanding these explanations. Including a link to the relevant article about a specific subject could be useful as well as providing more detail that explains what you need to know about the reference. Potentially a new source would be needed to back up this explanation.

Why I am Creating This Article
I am creating this new article because I am going to translate the article "Dirección Nacional de Protección de Datos Personales" from the Spanish Wikipedia into the English Wikipedia. It is a article of substantial length and high enough quality that it merits being available in both languages. By translating it from one Wikipedia where it already shares knowledge to another Wikipedia will increase the amount of people that have access to the information. This is consistent with Wikipedias goal of spreading knowledge to as many people who want it.

Weekly "Virtual" Lab Discussion: Articles Similarities and Differences (Article 2)

 * Look for important terms, concepts, and technical phrases within your assigned article. Do these concepts translate neatly into English? If not, how can you effectively communicate those topics in your translated article?
 * The article has a large amount of technical phrases that are related to digital privacy and various governmental structures in Spain. Due to a variety of translations, these may not translate super directly into English. The best practice for effectively communicating these topics is looking for context clues in the surrounding sentences to determine what specific words might translate to.


 * How confident are you in translating your assigned article & what resources are available to you if you get stuck? Remember, you do not need to be an expert in your language to translate, but should feel comfortable asking for help when needed.
 * Given that I have already done this once before, I am very confident in my abilities to use external resources if I get stuck. I used translation resources and looked at the original governmental pages for almost every paragraph of the last article, so I am comfortable doing with this process.
 * English Wikipedia has style manuals to help editors maintain consistency and readability. What writing resources are available on your language Wikipedia? Include these in both your discussion responses and the final project.
 * As with many language Wikipedias, the Spanish Wikipedia has a variety of style manuals that lay out how you should structure different parts of your article. A very extensive general manual is provided that covers a wide variety of topics, but specific style manuals have in-depth answer to more nuanced questions. Last week I found a variety of style manuals that will cover most questions I could have.
 * Readability is important when writing a Wikipedia article. What strategies can you use or what adjustments can you make to facilitate your potential viewers' comfort when reading the article?
 * It is best to take a step back and read the article yourself to see if it's easy to understand. You must focus on the fact that not everyone knows as much about this topic as you so you have to keep the phrasing such that anyone could understand it. Having others read over the article could potentially be beneficial.
 * How much of a cultural understanding would readers need in order to understand the concepts presented in the article? How might you communicate this background knowledge in your translation?
 * You wouldn't need too much cultural understand to know what is presented in the article. It would be helpful to understand privacy law in Spain and the European Union, but for the most part the article explains what this specific law is. There are references to other specific laws, but links are also included to these laws respective articles.

Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos Personales y garantía de los derechos digitales
La Ley Orgánica 3/2018, de 5 de diciembre, de Protección de Datos Personales y garantía de los derechos digitales (LOPD-GDD) es una ley orgánica aprobada por las Cortes Generales de España que tiene por objeto adaptar el Derecho interno español al Reglamento General de Protección de Datos. Esta ley orgánica deroga a la anterior Ley Orgánica 15/1999 de Protección de Datos de Carácter Personal (aunque se mantiene vigente para la regulación de ciertas actividades).


 * 1Estructura
 * 1.1Título I
 * 1.2Título II
 * 1.3Título III
 * 1.4Título IV
 * 1.5Título V
 * 1.6Título VI
 * 1.7Título VII
 * 1.8Título VIII
 * 1.9Título IX
 * 1.10Título X
 * 2Controversias
 * 2.1Recopilación de datos personales por partidos políticos
 * 3Notas
 * 4Referencias
 * 5Enlaces externos

Estructura[editar código · editar]
La Ley consta de noventa y siete artículos estructurados en diez títulos, veintidós disposiciones adicionales, seis disposiciones transitorias, una disposición derogatoria y dieciséis disposiciones finales.

Título I[editar código · editar]
Es el relativo a las disposiciones generales de la Ley.

Según su artículo primero, el propósito de la ley orgánica es dual: en primer lugar, adaptar el derecho español a lo dispuesto en el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos y, como novedad conexa, «garantizar los derechos digitales de la ciudadanía conforme al mandato establecido en el artículo 18.4 de la Constitución».

Título II[editar código · editar]
Es el relativo a los principios en la protección de los datos personales: exactitud, confidencialidad, consentimiento y tratamiento de datos de naturaleza especial como los penales y los relativos a menores de edad (se mantiene en catorce años la edad a partir de la cual el menor puede prestar su consentimiento).

Título III[editar código · editar]
El Título III enuncia los derechos de las personas en relación la protección y tratamiento de sus datos personales y que son, de conformidad con el Reglamento europeo, los siguientes: acceso, rectificación, supresión, oposición, derecho a la limitación del tratamiento y derecho a la portabilidad. Son una novedad, con respecto a la regulación anterior, los derechos de limitación del tratamiento y a la portabilidad de los datos.

Título IV[editar código · editar]
En el Título IV se recogen las disposiciones aplicables a tratamientos concretos. Son normas a observar cuando por parte de un responsable se pretenda proceder al tratamiento de una serie de datos concretos.

Cabe destacar en este título la regulación relativa a la inclusión y tratamiento de datos por parte de entidades de información crediticia, conocidos popularmente como «listas de morosos».

Reconociendo la licitud del tratamiento de datos con fines de información crediticia, este se somete a determinadas cautelas. Así el artículo 20 señala que solo podrán incorporarse datos de «deudas ciertas, vencidas y exigibles, cuya existencia o cuantía no hubiese sido objeto de reclamación administrativa o judicial por el deudor o mediante un procedimiento alternativo de resolución de disputas vinculante entre las partes».

Del mismo modo el acreedor, necesariamente y a la hora de celebrar el contrato, tiene que informar a la contraparte de la existencia de la posibilidad de ceder sus datos a dichas entidades en caso de incumplimiento, indicando además cuáles usa.

Las entidades podrán tratar y mantener esos datos mientras subsista el incumplimiento, pero estableciéndose un plazo máximo de cinco años al cabo de los cuales, subsista o no el incumplimiento, deberán ser suprimidos.

La Disposición Adicional sexta de la Ley prohíbe la inclusión de los datos en esos ficheros cuando se trate de deudas cuyo importe principal (es decir, sin intereses ni penalizaciones) sea inferior a 50 Euros, aunque se habilita al Gobierno para actualizar esa cantidad mediante Real Decreto.

Título V[editar código · editar]
El Título V se refiere al responsable y al encargado del tratamiento de los datos. En contraposición al anterior modelo de basado en el control del cumplimiento, el actual establecido por la Ley y el Reglamento es el de responsabilidad activa, debiendo los responsables evaluar a priori los datos que desean tratar para a continuación adoptar las medidas de seguridad necesarias para el tratamiento a efectuar. Se recogen también disposiciones relativas a la figura del Delegado de Protección de Datos (DPD o, en inglés, DPO).

Título VI[editar código · editar]
El Título VI regula las transferencias internacionales de datos.

Título VII[editar código · editar]
Artículo principal: Agencia Española de Protección de Datos

El Título VII se ocupa del estatuto jurídico de la Agencia Española de Protección de Datos como autoridad estatal de control. Su Capítulo II regula las competencias de las autoridades de protección de datos que pudiesen existir en las comunidades autónomas (en la actualidad solo existen en Andalucía, Cataluña y País Vasco), cuyas competencias quedarán en todo caso circunscritas a los tratamientos de datos personales efectuados por el sector público autonómico; y la obligación de las autoridades de control de cooperar entre ellas.

Título VIII[editar código · editar]
El Título VIII regula los procedimientos en caso de posible vulneración de la normativa de protección de datos.

Título IX[editar código · editar]
El Título IX regula el régimen sancionador por las infracciones a la Ley, determinando a los sujetos responsables y estableciendo un catálogo de infracciones clasificadas en muy graves, graves y leves. La Ley remite al Reglamento General de Protección de Datos por lo que respecta a la cuantía y graduación de la responsabilidad de las sanciones. Se regulan igualmente los plazos de prescripción de las infracciones.

Como excepción, el artículo 77, párrafo segundo de la Ley dispone que cuando los responsables infractores sean organismos con relevancia constitucional o administraciones públicas la Ley dispone que solo podrán ser sancionados con un apercibimiento, descartando así la posibilidad de sancionar económicamente a estos entes, tal y como sucedía con la anterior Ley Orgánica 15/1999, de 13 de diciembre.

Título X[editar código · editar]
El Título X de la Ley reconoce y garantiza una serie de derechos que la ley denomina como "digitales" tales como la neutralidad de la Red y su acceso universal, el derecho a la seguridad y a la educación digital, el derecho al olvido, el derecho a la portabilidad de los datos digitales y el testamento digital; siendo igualmente regulado el derecho a la desconexión digital en el marco de las relaciones laborales.

Recopilación de datos personales por partidos políticos[editar código · editar]
La disposición final tercera de la Ley añadió un nuevo artículo cincuenta y ocho bis a la Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General, que permitía a los partidos políticos, por considerarlo «amparado por el interés público», recopilar datos personales relativos a las opiniones políticas de las personas en el marco de sus actividades electorales siempre y cuando dichas actividades se realicen con «garantías adecuadas». Del mismo modo permitía a los partidos políticos «utilizar datos personales obtenidos en páginas web y otras fuentes de acceso público para la realización de actividades políticas durante el periodo electoral» tales como el envío de propaganda electoral por medios electrónicos o a través de las redes sociales.

Este artículo parecía encontrar amparo en el Considerando 56 del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos, que dispone que «si, en el marco de actividades electorales, el funcionamiento del sistema democrático exige en un Estado miembro que los partidos políticos recopilen datos personales sobre las opiniones políticas de las personas, puede autorizarse el tratamiento de estos datos por razones de interés público, siempre que se ofrezcan garantías adecuadas»

Cambridge Analytica en España

Unidos Podemos en su día anunció que presentaría un recurso de inconstitucionalidad contra dicho artículo por entender que resultaba contrario a los artículos 16 y 18 de la Constitución española, aunque finalmente no lo hizo.

Defensor del Pueblo de España

Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos Personales y garantía de los derechos digitales Article Translation
The Organic Law 3/2018 of December 5th on Protection of Personal Data and Guarantee of Digital Rights is an organic law approved by the Cortes Generales that has the goal of adapting the Spanish domestic law on the General Data Protection Regulation. This organic law repeals the previous Organic Law 15/1999 on Personal Data Protection, although it still remains in force for certain activities.

This law came into force on December 7, 2018.

Structure
The law consists of ninety-seven articles structured in ten headings, twenty-two additional provisions, six transitory provisions, a repeal provisions, and sixteen final provisions.

Heading I
It relates to the general provisions of the law.

According to the first article, the organic law has two purposes. The first is to adapt the Spanish law from what is contained in the General data Protection Regulation and, as a related change, "guarantee that the digital rights of the citizen conform with the mandate established in article 18.4 of the Constitution."

Heading II
It related to the principles of persona data protection. These include accuracy, confidentiality, consent, and the processing of special data such as that of criminals and minors. A minor has to be fourteen years of age before they can give consent.

Heading III
Heading III declares the personal data protection and processing rights that entities have. These are, in conformation with European regulations, the following: access, correction, deletion, opposition, the right to restriction of processing and the right to portability. Compared to previous regulation, the rights to limitation of processing and the right to portability of data are a change.

Heading IV
In Heading IV provisions for specific treatments are included. These rules should be followed when a responsible party intends to process a specific data set.

This title includes the regulation related to the inclusion and processing of data by credit reporting agencies, know popularly as "defaulter lists."

In recognition of the legality of data processing for credit reporting purposes, this process is subject to certain precautions. Article 20 indicates that only data relating to "debts that are confirmed and overdue, whose existence or amount hasn't been the object of a administrative or judicial claim by the debtor, and that aren't being resolved by alternative agreement between the two parties."

Through this same process, the creditor is required to inform the other party of what personal data might be given to the appropriate entities if they break their contract. This must be communicated before the contract is signed.

The entities that posses the data will be able to process and hold it during the time the contract is unfulfilled. This can occur for up to five years after the contract has been broken after which, the data must be deleted.

The sixth additional provision of the law prohibits the inclusion of data in these files when the principal amount (without interest or penalties) is less than 50 euros, but the government is able to change the principal amount with a Royal Decree.

Heading V
Heading V refers to those responsible and in charge of the processing of data. In contrast with the previous model based on compliance management, the current model established by the laws and regulations is one of active responsibility. Those responsible must evaluate a priori the data they wish to process and then adopt the necessary security measures for the processing to occur. There are also provisions related to the figure of the Data Protection Officer(DPO).

Heading VI
Heading VI regulates the international transfer of data.

Heading VII
Principal Article: Spanish Data Protection Agency

Heading VII deals with the legal status of the Spanish Data Protection Agency as state control authority. It's Second Chapter regulates the power of the data protection authorities that can exist in the autonomous communities whose power is limited to the data processing carried out by the autonomous public sector and the obligation of the control authorities to cooperate with each other. In reality, such data protection authorities only exist in the autonomous communities of Catalonia, Basque Country, and Andalusia.

Heading VIII
Heading VIII regulates the procedures in the case of a possible violation of data protection regulations.

Heading IX
Heading IX regulates the punishment regime for violations of the law which determines the responsible parties and establishes a catalog of violations classified as very serious, serious, or minor. The law refers to the General Data Protection Regulation with respect to the amount and level of responsibility for the punishments. The statute of limitations for offenses is equally regulated.

As an exception, the second paragraph of article 77 of the law provides that when the responsible violators are organizations with constitutional relevance or public administrations, they can only be penalized with a warning. This rules out the possibility of economic punishments for these entities, as was the case with the previous Organic Law 15/1999 of December 13th.

Heading X
Heading X of the law recognizes and guarantees a series of rights a series rights that the law refers to as "digital" such as net neutrality and universal access, the right to security and digital education, the right to be forgotten, the right of portability of digital data and the digital will; being equally regulated the right to digital disconnection in the context of labor relations.

Collection of personal data by political parties
The third-to-last provision of the law added a new article fifty-eight (a) to the Organic Law of the General Electoral Regime that permitted political parties to collect personal data related to political opinions in the context of their electoral activities whenever such activities were carried out with 'appropriate guarantees.' This was considered 'protected by the public interest.' Similarly, it allowed political parties to 'utilize personal data obtained on web pages and other publicly accessible sources to realize political activities during the electoral period' such as sending electoral propaganda electronically or through social media.

This article appeared to have protection in the Whereas Clause 56 of the General Data Protection Regulation which provides that 'if, in the context of electoral activities, the functioning of the democratic system demands that in a member state that the political parties collect personal data about people's political opinion, the processing of this data can be authorizes for reasons of public interest, as long as appropriate guarantees are offered.'

This provision caused deep concern in the legal sector because the aforementioned activities didn't require prior consent and apparently would allow the creation of databases of citizens on the basis of their political opinions. This creates profiles of the individual people. According to certain sectors, this practice would have legalized the case of Cambridge Analytica in Spain.

The Spanish Data Protection Agency has indicated that their view is that the law doesn't permit the creation of ideological databases nor the distribution of personalized information based on ideological or political profiles.

The political party Unidos Podemos in its day announced that is would present an appeal of unconstitutionality against said article on the understanding that it contradicted articles 18 and 18 of the Spanish Constitution, although they ultimately never did.

Who did present an appeal of unconstitutionality against this provisions was the Spanish Ombundsman. Said appeal was admitted for processing on March 12, 2019. On May 22, 2019, the plenary session of the Constitutional Court upheld said appeal and declared the precept unconstitutional and null by a consensus of its twelve members.

Weekly "Virtual" Lab Discussion: Thinking About Sources and Plagiarism

 * What are some reasons you might not want to use a company's website as the main source of information about that company?
 * The companies website will not necessarily be a reliable source of information. The company has no obligation to post all the available information about themselves or to phrase it in a neutral way. They might actually have the incentive to phrase the information or after it slightly in a way that makes them look better. Most companies' goals are related to profit as opposed to providing the best quality information about themselves.
 * What is the difference between a copyright violation and plagiarism?
 * Copyright violation is the use of content that has been legally copyrighted while plagiarism is the direct use of someone else's written or spoken words without indication that it is a quotation. Copyright violation can be any use of the work that is protected legally. In plagiarism you can alter someone else's word choices, but you must also change the sentence structure. Copyright and plagiarism can overlap.
 * What are some good techniques to avoid close paraphrasing and plagiarism within a translated article?
 * You should should write your article with notes taken about the original source content. These notes should be explains of the work in your own words. A helpful technique can be to write them as if you were casually explaining sometime to a friend. After you are have written an article using these techniques, you should go back over the original source to see if any similarities have developed by happenstance.
 * What are a few differences you notice between English citations and the citations in your assigned language?
 * The visual aspect of citing between English and Spanish articles is different in that the symbols used to indicate a citation are different. The general structure of the citations in the reference page are very similar, but there tends to be less citations in the Spanish Wikipedia.