User:GreatPowered/鲨鱼物种列表

鲨鱼是软骨鱼纲，板鳃亚纲，鲨总目所有物种的命名术语. 板鳃亚纲也包括鳐总目；软骨鱼纲还包括全头亚纲下的银鲛目. 第一批形似鲨鱼的软骨鱼于4.3亿年前出现在洋|海洋 ，在早侏罗世演化为鲨鱼的冠群.

下表列举了鲨鱼的现存物种. 鲨鱼分布在8个目约512种已被描述的物种和23种未被描述的物种中，目中的科和属均按照字母顺序列举. 此外还包括一份将所有物种置于字母顺序的现场指南.

六鳃鲨、七鳃鲨和皱鳃鲨 (2 科)

 * 目 六鳃鲨目
 * 科 皱鳃鲨科 (皱鳃鲨)
 * 属 皱鳃鲨属 Garman, 1884
 * Chlamydoselachus africana Ebert & L. J. V. Compagno, 2009 (南非皱鳃鲨)
 * Chlamydoselachus anguineus Garman, 1884 (皱鳃鲨)
 * 科 六鳃鲨科 (六鳃鲨、七鳃鲨)
 * 属 七鳃鲨属 Rafinesque, 1810
 * Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788) (尖吻七鳃鲨)
 * 属 六鳃鲨属 Rafinesque, 1810
 * Hexanchus griseus  (Bonnaterre, 1788) (灰六鳃鲨)
 * Hexanchus nakamurai Teng, 1962 (大眼六鳃鲨)
 * Hexanchus vitulus Springer and Waller, 1969 (大西洋六鳃鲨)
 * 属 哈那鲨属 Ayres, 1855
 * Notorynchus cepedianus (Péron, 1807) (扁头哈那鲨)

角鲨 (7 科)

 * 目 角鲨目
 * 科 Centrophoridae (gulper sharks)
 * Genus Centrophorus J. P. Müller & Henle, 1837
 * Centrophorus atromarginatus Garman, 1913 (dwarf gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus granulosus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus harrissoni McCulloch, 1915 (dumb gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus moluccensis Bleeker, 1860 (small-fin gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus seychellorum Baranes, 2003 (Seychelles gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (leaf-scale gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus tessellatus Garman, 1906 (mosaic gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus uyato (Rafinesque, 1810) (little gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus westraliensis W. T. White, Ebert & L. J. V. Compagno, 2008) (western gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus zeehaani W. T. White, Ebert & L. J. V. Compagno, 2008 (southern dogfish)
 * Centrophorus sp. A Not yet described (mini gulper shark)
 * Centrophorus sp. B Not yet described (slender gulper shark)
 * Genus Deania D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1902
 * Deania calcea (R. T. Lowe, 1839) (bird-beak dogfish)
 * Deania hystricosa (Garman, 1906) (rough long-nose dogfish)
 * Deania profundorum (H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) (arrow-head dogfish)
 * Deania quadrispinosa (McCulloch, 1915) (long-snout dogfish)
 * Family Dalatiidae (kite-fin sharks)
 * Genus Dalatias Rafinesque, 1810
 * Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788) (kite-fin shark)
 * Genus Euprotomicroides Hulley & M. J. Penrith, 1966
 * Euprotomicroides zantedeschia Hulley & M. J. Penrith, 1966 (tail-light shark)
 * Genus Euprotomicrus T. N. Gill, 1865
 * Euprotomicrus bispinatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (pygmy shark)
 * Genus Heteroscymnoides Fowler, 1934
 * Heteroscymnoides marleyi Fowler 1934 (long-nose pygmy shark)
 * Genus Isistius T. N. Gill, 1865
 * Isistius brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (cookiecutter shark)
 * Isistius plutodus Garrick & S. Springer, 1964 (Large-tooth cookiecutter shark)
 * Genus Mollisquama Dolganov, 1984
 * Mollisquama parini Dolganov, 1984 (pocket shark)
 * Genus Squaliolus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912
 * Squaliolus aliae Teng, 1959 (small-eye pygmy shark)
 * Squaliolus laticaudus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 (spined pygmy shark)
 * Family Echinorhinidae (bramble sharks)
 * Genus Echinorhinus T. N. Gill, 1862
 * Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (bramble shark)
 * Echinorhinus cookei Pietschmann, 1928 (prickly shark)
 * Family Etmopteridae (lantern sharks)
 * Genus Aculeola F. de Buen, 1959
 * Aculeola nigra F. de Buen, 1959 (hook-tooth dogfish)
 * Genus Centroscyllium J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841
 * Centroscyllium excelsum Shirai & Nakaya, 1990 (high-fin dogfish)
 * Centroscyllium fabricii (J. C. H. Reinhardt, 1825) (black dogfish)
 * Centroscyllium granulatum Günther, 1887 (granular dogfish)
 * Centroscyllium kamoharai T. Abe, 1966 (bare-skin dogfish)
 * Centroscyllium nigrum Garman, 1899 (comb-tooth dogfish)
 * Centroscyllium ornatum (Alcock, 1889) (ornate dogfish)
 * Centroscyllium ritteri D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1903 (white-fin dogfish)
 * Genus Etmopterus Rafinesque, 1810
 * Etmopterus baxteri Garrick, 1957 (New Zealand lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus benchleyi V. E. Vásquez, Ebert & Long, 2015 (ninja lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus bigelowi Shirai & Tachikawa, 1993 (blurred lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus brachyurus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 (short-tail lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus bullisi Bigelow & Schroeder, 1957 (lined lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus burgessi Schaaf-Da Silva & Ebert, 2006 (broad-snout lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus carteri S. Springer & G. H. Burgess, 1985 (cylindrical lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus caudistigmus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (tail-spot lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus compagnoi R. Fricke & Koch, 1990 (brown lanternshark)
 * Etmottoopoepterus decapidaaticusspidatus W. L. Y. Chan, 1966 (comb-tooth lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus dianthus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (pink lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus dislineatus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (Lined lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus evansi Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (Black-mouth lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus fusus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (pygmy lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus gracilispinis G. Krefft, 1968 (broad-band lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus granulosus (Günther, 1880) (southern lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus hillianus (Poey, 1861) (Caribbean lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus joungi Knuckey, Ebert & G. H. Burgess, 2011 (short-fin smooth lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus litvinovi Parin & Kotlyar, 1990 (small-eye lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus lucifer D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1902 (Black-belly lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus molleri (Whitley, 1939) (Moller's lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus perryi S. Springer & G. H. Burgess, 1985 (dwarf lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus polli Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (African lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus princeps Collett, 1904 (great lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (False lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus pusillus (R. T. Lowe, 1839) (smooth lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus pycnolepis Kotlyar, 1990 (dense-scale lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus robinsi Schofield & G. H. Burgess, 1997 (West Indian lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus schultzi Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (fringe-fin lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus sculptus Ebert, L. J. V. Compagno & De Vries, 2011 (sculpted lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus sentosus Bass, D'Aubrey & Kistnasamy, 1976 (thorny lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus sheikoi (Dolganov, 1986) (rasp-tooth dogfish)
 * Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) (velvet-belly lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus splendidus Ka. Yano, 1988 (splendid lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus unicolor (Engelhardt, 1912) (bristled lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus viator Straube, 2011 (traveller lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus villosus C. H. Gilbert, 1905 (Hawaiian lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus virens Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (green lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus sp. Not yet described (Guadalupe lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus sp. Not yet described (Chilean lanternshark)
 * Etmopterus sp. Not yet described (Papua short-tail lanternshark)
 * Genus Trigonognathus Mochizuki & F. Ohe, 1990
 * Trigonognathus kabeyai Mochizuki & F. Ohe, 1990 (viper dogfish)
 * Family Oxynotidae  (rough sharks)
 * Genus Oxynotus Rafinesque, 1810
 * Oxynotus bruniensis (J. D. Ogilby, 1893) (prickly dogfish)
 * Oxynotus caribbaeus Cervigón, 1961 (Caribbean roughshark)
 * Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758) (angular roughshark)
 * Oxynotus japonicus Ka. Yano & Murofushi, 1985 (Japanese roughshark)
 * Oxynotus paradoxus Frade, 1929 (sail-fin roughshark)
 * Family Somniosidae  (sleeper sharks)
 * Genus Centroscymnus Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864
 * Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864 (Portuguese dogfish)
 * Centroscymnus owstonii Garman, 1906 (rough-skin dogfish)
 * Genus Centroselachus Garman, 1913
 * Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864) (long-nose velvet dogfish)
 * Genus Scymnodalatias Garrick, 1956
 * Scymnodalatias albicauda Taniuchi & Garrick, 1986 (white-tail dogfish)
 * Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuev & Konovalenko, 1988 (Azores dogfish)
 * Scymnodalatias oligodon Kukuev & Konovalenko, 1988 (sparse-tooth dogfish)
 * Scymnodalatias sherwoodi (Archey, 1921) (Sherwood's dogfish)
 * Genus Scymnodon Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864
 * Scymnodon ichiharai Ka. Yano & S. Tanaka (II), 1984 (Japanese velvet dogfish)
 * Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan, 1906) (large-spine velvet dogfish)
 * Scymnodon plunketi (Waite, 1910) (Plunket's shark)
 * Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864 (knife-tooth dogfish)
 * Genus Somniosus Lesueur, 1818
 * Somniosus antarcticus Whitley, 1939 (southern sleeper shark)
 * Somniosus longus (S. Tanaka (I), 1912) (frog shark)
 * Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Greenland shark)
 * Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder, 1944 (Pacific sleeper shark)
 * Somniosus rostratus (A. Risso, 1827) (little sleeper shark)
 * Somniosus sp. A Not yet described (long-nose sleeper shark)
 * Genus Zameus D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1903
 * Zameus squamulosus (Günther, 1877) (velvet dogfish)
 * Family Squalidae (dogfish sharks)
 * Genus Cirrhigaleus S. Tanaka (I), 1912
 * Cirrhigaleus asper (Merrett, 1973) (rough-skin spurdog)
 * Cirrhigaleus australis W. T. White, Last & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (southern Mandarin dogfish)
 * Cirrhigaleus barbifer S. Tanaka (I), 1912 (Mandarin dogfish)
 * Genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758
 * Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 (spiny dogfish)
 * Squalus acutipinnis Regan, 1908 (blunt-nose spiny dogfish)
 * Squalus albifrons Last, W. T. White & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (eastern high-fin spurdog)
 * Squalus altipinnis Last, W. T. White & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (western high-fin spurdog)
 * Squalus blainville (A. Risso, 1827) (long-nose spurdog)
 * Squalus brevirostris S. Tanaka (I), 1917 (Japanese short-nose spurdog)
 * Squalus bucephalus Last, Séret & Pogonoski, 2007 (big-head spurdog)
 * Squalus chloroculus Last, W. T. White & Motomura, 2007 (green-eye spurdog)
 * Squalus clarkae Pfleger, Grubbs, Cotton & Daly-Engel, 2018 (Genie's dogfish)
 * Squalus crassispinus Last, Edmunds & Yearsley, 2007 (fat-spine spurdog)
 * Squalus cubensis Howell-Rivero, 1936 (Cuban dogfish)
 * Squalus edmundsi W. T. White, Last & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (Edmund's spurdog)
 * Squalus formosus W. T. White & Iglésias, 2011 (Taiwan spurdog)
 * Squalus grahami W. T. White, Last & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (eastern long-nose spurdog)
 * Squalus griffini Phillipps, 1931 (northern spiny dogfish)
 * Squalus hemipinnis W. T. White, Last] & Yearsley, 2007 (Indonesian short-snout spurdog)
 * Squalus japonicus Ishikawa, 1908 (Japanese spurdog)
 * Squalus lalannei Baranes, 2003 (Seychelles spurdog)
 * Squalus megalops (W. J. Macleay, 1881) (short-nose spurdog)
 * Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979 (black-tailed spurdog)
 * Squalus mitsukurii D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1903 (short-spine spurdog)
 * Squalus montalbani Whitley, 1931 (Indonesian greeneye spurdog)
 * Squalus nasutus Last, L. J. Marshall & W. T. White, 2007 (western long-nose spurdog)
 * Squalus notocaudatus Last, W. T. White & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (bar-tail spurdog)
 * Squalus rancureli Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979 (Cyrano spurdog)
 * Squalus raoulensis C. A. J. Duffy & Last, 2007 (Kermadec spiny dogfish)
 * Squalus suckleyi (Girard, 1854) (Pacific spiny dogfish)
 * Squalus sp. Not yet described (Lombok high-fin spurdog)