User:Griffinbr/Tepatlaxco de Hidalgo

Tepatlaxco de Hidalgo is a Mexican municipality, its capital is a town with the same name, located in the central part of the state of Puebla. Its geographic coordinates are parallels 19° 00' 36" and 19° 11' 42" north latitude and meridians 97° 54' 06" and 98° 00' 00" west longitude. It is bordered to the north by the state of Tlaxcala, to the south by Amozoc and Acajete, to the west by Acajete, and to the east by Amozoc and the municipality of Puebla. Tepatlaxco is part of the Puebla-Tlaxcala Metropolitan Zone.

Toponymy
According Felipe Franco, Tepatlaxco derives from the roots that form the name Tepatlaxco: tepa: stone wall; tla: abundance and lxco, face, surface. The words                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     "Tepatlaxco" mea "plain where the rocks abound". Tepatlaxco is attributed this toponymy because it is a very stony place due to its proximity to the Malintzi foothills. Nowadays, the official translation is "plain where there is an abundance of rocky areas". But if we refer to the vocabulary of Fray Alonso De Molina, we can see that there is the verb tepatlachoa: to crush or break something with a stone; and co: place of. With this, the following translation can be made: place where something is crushed or broken with stone. There is also the word tepatlachico formed by: tetl: stone; patlachic: wide thing; and co: place of. It can be translated as:place of the wide stone.

History
The exact date of the re-foundation of San Sebastián Tepatlaxco is unknown, although a date is erroneously given on a plaque recently placed inside the church. During the Revolution of 1910, General Lorenzo Morales and Captain Camilo Romero Crisóstomo, both natives of this place who fought with General Francisco Villa and General Francisco Murguía, stood out for their courage.

It belonged to the Old District of Tepeaca until July 12, 1926, when it was constituted as a Free Municipality, adding the name of Hidalgo and designating the town of Tepatlaxco de Hidalgo as the Municipal seat.

Pre-Hispanic period
In 1168, seven Chichimec peoples arrived in Cholula from Colhuacatepec Chicomoztoc: the cuauhtinchantlaca – moquiuixca, the totomiuaque, the acolchichimeca, the tzauhteca, the zacateca, the texcalteca and the malpantlaca. These after subduing the existing Olmec and Xiclanca settlers, were rewarded with women and lands where they could establish their residence in the territories that would come to make up our municipality, among which the Cuauhtinchantlaca- Moquiuixca stand out to the east, in Cuauhtinchan. Our municipality was within their domains, as can be seen in the maps of Cuauhtinchan 2 and 4. A clear example of our pre-Hispanic origin is the Tetel located at the edge of the town, which most likely dates back to that time. The Chichimeca lordship of Cuauhtinchan lasted from 1175 to 1398, the year in which the Tlateloca conquered it. At this time, the Popolocas of Oztoticpac took political power in the area and and maintained it between 1398 and 1441. After 25 years of crisis, the Mexica armies under the command of Axayacatl intervened (at the request of the Cuauhhtinchhantlaca) and conquered Tepeyacac Tlayhtic in 1466. The Mexica introduced political and territorial changes that prevailed until 1520, when Hernán Cortés conquered Tepeaca and the entire surrounding region.

Viceroyalty period
Little information is available about the events in this region during the viceregal period; however, the existing information can provide a clear idea of what happened in the region between the sixteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Once the region was conquered, Cortés gave an encomienda (which consisted of assigning a certain number of indigenous for which the beneficiary undertook to evangelize them), the conquered towns, assigning the town Tepeaca to Pedro Almíndez Chirinos, which on 1526 passed to Alonso de Estrada, although in the same year Almíndez Chirinos recovered it until 1544.

Between 1550 and 1555 Luis de Velasco, viceroy of New Spain, and Charles V, king of Spain, granted Don Francisco Cuapinto the refoundation of the town of Tepatlasco or Tepatlachico Sacatetelco Xochititlan under the patronage of San Sebastian, after wich the respective temples was built, being in charge of the religious of the Franciscan order.

In the document and painting left by Don Francisco Cuapinto the limits of Tepatlaxco can be appreciated.

After the founding of the city of Puebla in 1531, the influence of merchants from Puebla led to the construction of a branch of the Mexico-Veracruz road from Caceres (now Oriental), passing through Nopalucan and Amozoc. For this construction, the participation of the labor from Tepatlaxco was of great importance, as indicated in the Annals of Tepeaca, where we read: "to repair the road they came from the towns of Santa Cruz, Santa María, San Sebastián Tepatlachico.

At the end of the 16th century, most of the Spanish haciendas in the region were created, and by the first half of the 17th century, the municipality of Tepeaca had more than 300 haciendas and ranches, whose expansion affected the territorial limits of Tepatlaxco. In 1709, Juan Lorenzo, mayor town, stated the new limits of Tepatlaxco, already affected by the haciendas of Santa Maria, Vallarte and Cansino. In 1787, year in which the Bourbon intendancies were organized, Tepatlaxco remained as a town subject to Tepeaca.