User:Guldana Sheralieva/Dauletkerey

Dauletkerey Shygaiulu was an outstanding composer-kuishi, one of the brightest representatives of the West Kazakhstan dombra art. He was born in 1820 in the Bokey Horde.

Biogrophy
Dauletkerey was born in the spring of 1820, in the village Horde then the Horde (now the village called Khan orda of Bokeiorda region of West Kazakhstan). His father Sultan Shigai Nuraliev temporarily (1815-1823) controlled the Inner (Bukeyev) Horde after the death of Bokey Khan as the Regent of the underage future of Zhangir Khan Bokeev. He died when Dauletkerey was only five years old, and further worries about his upbringing took cousin, the Sultan of Mandhira Bukeikhanov, the richest man in the Bokey Horde after of Zhangir Khan.

In childhood Dauletkerey studied Muslim literacy at the Mullah. Khan Zhangir, who was educated in Russia, created opportunities for children to receive Russian education in the Horde. Dauletkerey learned to speak Russian, was able to read and write in Russian. He was called an educated boy. But he stood out for his ability to play the dombra. The skill of playing this instrument, he learned from a great dombrist, Musiraly Berdaly-uly. In the Horde, which became the winter center of the sultans, in the early 40s of the 19th century invited drama artists and musicians from Saratov. There is evidence that Dauletkerey from childhood was familiar with Russian and European music. He played well on the Russian balalaika, knew how to play the guitar and mandolin.

In his youth, Dauletkerey witnessed the people's liberation uprising of the Kazakhs of the bukey Horde (1836-1838) under the direction of Isatai Taimanov and Makhambet Utemisov against the Russian colonization and the Viceroy of the king of Zhangir Khan, which left its imprint on the works kuishi.

In 1851 Dauletkerey Shigaev became the ruler of the Serkesh Family. He is among the representatives of the Kazakh people at the celebrations on the occasion of the coronation of king Alexander II in 1855. On this trip to St. Petersburg, he heard and saw many interesting things that he had not seen and heard before, heard the works of European composers in orchestral performance.

In 1861, Dauletkerei was appointed ruler of the kind in Kyzylkum, where it was met with the "father" of kui - Kurmangazy. Dauletkerey during the meeting played his kui "Bulbul" (Nightingale). Kurmangazy liked the play very much, he included it in his repertoire and even composed a kind of paraphrase on this topic. Playing each other, and Kurmangazy, Dauletkerey has borrowed a lot from each other [1]. Famous Kazakh musician, academician Ahmet Zhubanov wrote: "a musical work of Dauletkerei was influenced by a conversation with Kurmangazy, meetings with other dombastone, kui was performed in traditional folk style".

Subsequent Dauletkerei's kui "Tapan" and "Zhiger", expressing the desire of the people to freedom, however, reflect the thoughts of the person, a lot of suffering in life, courageous, cautious, serious. About kui "Zhiger" collector of folk works of Alexander Zataevich wrote: "this sounds kui exceed the capacity of the dombra, overflowing, bubbling. This work, written at an elevated and exalted pace, has a great importance."

In the last three decades of the life of the wonderful kuishi comes true flowering of creativity. Appeared the kuis with the perfect skill and depth of content.

Dauletkerey died on may 4, in 1887. He left a significant musical heritage that influenced the further development of folk instrumental music in Kazakhstan.

Сreativity
In the early 40-ies was created the first known Dauletkerei's kui "Kyz Akzhelen" and "Kos Alka". The impetus to writing these dombra's pieces was the life experiences of the poet. In one case — a meeting with a skilled dombra player and a very beautiful girl Akbala-Kyz. It is dedicated to kui "Kyz-Akzhelen". This is the first attempt to create of Dauletkerei in the music of the portrait sketch. Alexander Zataevich, who recorded this work, said: "the middle part of it is very beautiful and fresh, where a beautiful melody sounds on the high register of dombra, as if intoned by maiden voices."

Kui "Kos Alka" - one of the most popular works of Dauletkerei. According to academician A. Zhubanov, the musical content of kui conveys the peaceful rocking of women's jewelry while walking. This perception is facilitated primarily by the rhythm of kui, consisting of uniform eighth and fourth, as well as smooth lines of melody, folding on small ascending and descending intonation chants. The form of kui is traditional, it consists of several sections in which the main theme is held in different registers. In this respect, kui "Kos Alka" can be considered monothematic.

The following two works "Konyr-kui" and "Kos shek", created during the search for new means of expression, are innovative. Zataevich called "Konyr-kui" a real elegy and gave the following characteristic to these two kuis: "Two plays, in their content generalized by the restless and pathetic beginning of a somewhat emphasized expressiveness and, by the nature of their sophisticated melodic formulas, as if shimmering beyond the typical Kazakh instrumental melody and methods of its development."

Kui "Zhiger" was created in the years of severe mental crisis. "Zhiger" — the product of a huge tragic force and emotion, which conveyed the disturbing spirit of his time.

Kui", Kudaisha". Opens kui with traditional introductory material with the main link. Throughout the Kyu introductory material is repeated several times, delineating other sections of the form. The main theme is a detailed construction consisting of several melodic phrases, each of which ends with a falling intonation

Kui "Kyz akzhelen". Among Dauletkerei's early works ,Kyz akzhelen is the most mature work. Kui is characterized by amazing melody, natural deployment of musical material, the perfection of form. In this kui present all main sections of the traditional forms of kuis of Western Kazakhstan: the main link, medium link and Saga.

Dauletkery's works demonstrate progressive social views, philosophy of life, lyrics of the time, history of the people. Especially in making it appear pictures of nature and her beauty. In total, during his life composedabout a hundred instrumental works for dombra. According to well-known researcher in music Ahmet Zhubanov nephew Dauletkerei Nausa of Bokeikhanov was living in Soviet times, played about 50 kuis.