User:Gursimran1996

Definition
Tenses play a crucial role in the English Language. It denotes the time an action takes place, whether sometime in the past, in the present or will take some time in the future.

From a general view of tenses, this module will go on to discuss each tense in detail with examples. The table below gives a glimpse of the way tenses are used using the verb 'play'

Example :- earlier in the day, yesterday, last week, three years ago). The present tense is used to describe things that are happening right now, or things that are continuous.

Types of Tenses
Types of Tenses: There are mainly three types of Tenses, they are:- The Present Tense. ... The Present Tense: (a) Simple Present Tense. (b) Present Continuous Tense. ... The Past Tense: (a) Simple Past Tense. ... The Future Tense: (a) Simple Future Tense.

1)Simple Present Tense
- Indicates an action that is generally true or habitual. That is, it took place in the past, continue to take place in the present, and will take place in the future. This tense is used to denote -a habitual action- for instance, "He walk to school." -general truths- for instance, "The sun rises in the east", "Honesty is the best policy."

2)Present Perfect Tense-
Indicates an action that has been completed sometime before the present moment, with a result that affects the present situation.

For example, "He has finished the work."

3) Present Continuous Tense
Indicates an action that is taking place at the moment of speaking.

For example, "She is walking."

"I am studying."

the form of Present Continuous Tense is- is/am/are + verb + ing

4)Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- Indicates an action that started in the past and is continuing at the present time. For example, "He has been sleeping for an hour."

The form of Present Perfect Continuous Tense is- has/have + been + verb + ing 1. He has slept."

1) Simple Past Tense
- Indicates an action took place before the present moment and that has no real connection with the present time.

For example, "He danced in the function." (The action took place in the past, is finished and is completely unrelated to the present)

"He flew to London yesterday."

the form of Simple Past Tense is - verb + ed

2) Past Perfect Tense
Indicates an action in the past that had been completed before another time or event in the past.

For example, "He had exercised before it started to rain."

"He had slept before I came back from the market."

The form of Past Perfect Tense is- had + verb (past participle form or the 3rd form of the verb)

3)Past Continuous Tense
Indicates an action going on at some time in the past or an action in the past that is longer in duration than another action in the past.

For example, "It was getting darker."

"The light went out while they were reading."

The form of Past Continuous Tense is- was/were + verb + ing

4)Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Indicates an action in the past that took place before another time or event in the past and continued during the second event/time point in the past.

For example, "At that time, he had been writing a novel for two months."

"He had been exercising when I called."

The form of Past Perfect Continuous Tense is- had + been + verb + ing

1)Simple Future Tense
Indicates an action that will take place after the present time and that has no real connection with the present time.

For example, "She will visit her ailing grandmother soon."

"He will walk home."

the form of Simple Future Tense is- will/shall + verb

2)Future Perfect Tense
Indicates an action in the future that will have been completed before another time or event in the future.

For example, "By the time we arrive, he will have studied."

The form of Future Perfect Tense is- will/shall have + verb(past participle form or 3rd form of the verb)

3)Future Continuous Tense
Indicates an action in the future that is longer in duration than another action in the future.

For example, "He will be walking when it starts to rain."

The form of Future Continuous Tense is-will/shall be + verb + ing

4) Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Indicates an action in the future that will have been continuing until another time or event in the future.

For example, "He will have been exercising an hour at 2:00."'

The form of Future Perfect Continuous Tense is- will/shall have been + verb + ing

Conclusion:- Key points to understand this tense are the different pronouns and the different forms of the verb to be. Often this is very difficult to do without referring to the learner's native language. If the learner has difficulty understanding, ideally, the teacher should find another native speaker of that language to explain it.

Present Continuous Tense is practiced with familiar verbs. Note that there is a difference between transitive and intransitive verbs. Often there is no difference in the difficulty comprehending these two types of sentences, as long as the learner knows the words being used.

For you to have a fun time deepening your Present Continuous Tense knowledges I offer you some variants: here; here and here!

Reference:-

1. Fabricius-Hansen, "Tense", in the Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd ed., 2006 2.Bernard Comrie, Aspect, 1976:6: "the semantic concept of time reference (absolute or relative), ... may be grammaticalized in a language, i.e. a language may have a grammatical category that expresses time reference, in which case we say that the language has tenses. Some languages lack tense, i.e. do not have grammatical time reference, though probably all languages can lexicalize time reference, i.e. have temporal adverbials that locate situations in time." 3.Nick Huang, "On syntactic tense in Mandarin Chinese" "Proceedings of the 27th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics", Los Angeles, 2015. 4. Maria Bittner, 2014. _Temporality_. Wiley 5. Judith Judith Tonnhauser. 2015. 6.Joan Bybee, Revere Perkins, William Pagliuca, The Evolution of Grammar: Tense, Aspect, and Modality in the Languages of the World, University of Chicago Press, 1994, p. 101. Bibliography:-

1.Bybee, Joan L., Revere Perkins, and William Pagliuca (2019) The Evolution of Grammar: Tense, Aspect, and Modality in the Languages of the World. University of Chicago Press. 2. Comrie, Bernard (1985). "Tense". Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-28138-5. 3. Huddleston, Rodney; Pullum, Geoffrey K. (15 April 2002). The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43146-0. Retrieved 10 February 2015. Lay summary (PDF) (10 February 2015). 4. Guillaume, Gustave (1929) Temps et verbe. Paris: Champion. 5. Hopper, Paul J., ed. (1982) Tense–Aspect: Between Semantics and Pragmatics. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 6. Huang, Z. J. (2015). On syntactic tense in Mandarin Chinese. In Proceedings of the 27th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics, ed. Hongyin Tao et al., volume 2, 406–423. Los Angeles: UCLA. 7. "Verb Tenses". Oxford Living Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2017-01-25. 8. Smith, Carlota (1997). The Parameter of Aspect. Dordrecht: Kluwer. 9. Tedeschi, Philip, and Anne Zaenen, eds. (1981) Tense and Aspect. (Syntax and Semantics 14). New York: Academic Press.

External links:-

1.Tense in hindi 2.Tense Explained (with diagrams) 3.Combinations of Tense, Aspect, and Mood in Greek 4.Grammatical Features Inventory