User:Gustavo Szwedowski de Korwin/Heraldic clan Korwin

HERALDIC CLAN KORWIN Surnames of families entitled to use Korwin coat-of-arms / Herb Korwin

Introduction
The goal of this user’s subpage is to provide references about the claiming of the families entitled to use Polish "Korwin coat-of-arms". Those references are available on line, so (of course), may be a better knowledge about this issue on written documents in Poland. It means that this summary is far to be closed and discussion and re-writing are open. All of this is interesting to those families but it is also to Wikipedia, because provides references to articles and therefore credibility to Wikipedia. Polish clans (Ród) or Polish coat of arms (Herb) properly, differ from most clan systems while they are composed of some (few) families sharing male-line origin there are also many genealogically unrelated families bearing the same coat-of-arms and clan-name. This is because the historical use of “adoption upon ennoblement” (Adopcja herbowa) in vogue before 1633. Also the King, who was considered the patron of all heraldic clans was allowed to assign new knights to the clan of his choice using usually formal “ennoblement grant” (nobilitacja) and rarely “naturalization upon ennoblement grant” (indygenat) – to foreigner already-nobles in the last case.

The surnames of the families entitled to Korwin coat-of-arms used to be 100 more or less. In the lists edited below (and on sites available on-line) there are 243 (variations included). So, it seems the list of surnames of Korwin, Korwin II and Korwin III are currently merged. On the other hand, there are no names listed in Korwin II and Korwin III nowadays. The confusion between Korwin and Ślepowron coats-of-arms (and their variations), make the controversies worst, since Korwin coat-of-arms has been considered a variation of Ślepowron coat-of-arms while "Korwin" is an alternative name to Ślepowron coat-of-arms at the same time. A family appears sometimes twice, in the original coat-of-arms and in his “own variation” of this coat-of-arms (i.e. Bieńkowski h. Korwin and Bieńkowski h. własny, which means "Bieńkowski of Korwin variation Bieńkowski").

Variation of a coat of arms
The “variation” (Odmiana) is an alternative version of drawing or an entitled family crest with ducal, comital or baronial crown. The modern (18th/19th century) "own coat-of arms" (or "family crest") seems to copy the "Western-European style” as a reaction against the "Sarmatian style” of the old (16th/17th century) "heraldic clans" (or "multifamily crest"). There are variations with the field of green, yellow and blue, the ostrich feathers in crest are usually three, but sometimes five, some families use a raven in crest (the same raven of the shield or with its wings extended for flight), and the raven in the escutcheon may be facing right or left, etc. Yet, they remain “Korwin” all of them.

Variations are a source of controversies. Sometimes heraldic literature re-writes again and again improper attributions of similar coat-of-arms to be necessarily variations of the same original clan crest only because their charges (the main drawing in the shield) are similar. On the other hand many people believe only the scholars opinion is valid, forgetting common sense. All of this is discussed under the topics of Polish Heraldry and Polish clans.

The following gallery may show this issue:

Some details
Some sites allow writing the surnames "in English" in order to search in their data base, others only admit surnames written in "Polish diacritics". Polish armorials are mainly arranged by family names as the “Herby Szlachty Rzeczypospolitej” and those arranged by coat-of-arms like the “Słownik Genealogiczny” or “Genealogia Dynastyczna/Dynastic Genealogy” are few, unfortunately. For practical reasons 2009/2010 Tadeusz Gajl's work "Herbarz Polski - Od Średniowiecza do XX wieku" (Polish armorial – From middle ages to 20th century) has been chosen as basic-source and the other works as complementary.

- 218 surnames available on Tadeusz Gajl: Herbarz Polski/Polish Armorial 2009/2010 (Korwin)
A: Abramik, B: Bachowski, Bagiński, Barański, Baszucki, Benkowski, Berengowicz, Bieńkowski, Bierzyński, Bieżyński, Binkowski, Boczkowski, Botowic, Botowicz, Bronicki, Bujalski, Bujnowski, Bunkowski, Buynowski, C: Cetnerski, Chłędowski, Chromecki, Chrzanowski, Chyczewski, Czarnolaski, Czopowski, D: Dabkowicz, Dalkowicz, Danisewicz, Danisiewicz, Dmochowski, Dobkiewicz, Doliński, Drozdowski-Meloch, Droziński, Dudorowicz, Dudrewicz, Dunaj, Dworakowski, Dzbański, Dzięcielski, F: Filiborn, G: Gacki, Gadzki, Gącki, Gąsiorowski, Gęsicki, Ginwił, Ginwiłł, Ginwiłłowicz, Gładyszewski, Gosiewski, Gronostajski, Grosman, Grozmani, Grudzina, Gutowski, H: Haraziński, Hollo, Hrudzina, J: Jachimowicz, Jagodyński, Jagodziński, Jagusiński, Jagużyński, Jahodyński, Jahołkowski, Jakimowicz, Jastrzębski, Jaszewski, Jawdyński, K: Kaftanowski, Kalinowski, Kamianowski, Kamiański, Kaminowski, Kamionowski, Karłowicz, Kilarski, Kirbut, Klimowski, Kłosieński, Kłosiński, Kochanowicz, Kochanowski, Kojrowicz, Komar, Komoński, Korotkiewicz, Korwin, Korwin-Piotrowski, Kosakowski, Kossakowski, Kossenda, Kostecki, Koszulko, Koyrowicz, Kozniecki, Krasiński, Kręczow, Krompach, Kropiwnicki, Kruczaj, Kruczkowski, Kruk, Krukowicz, Krukowski, Krupicki, Kunachowicz, Kurkowski, L: Lipczyński, Lisowski, Lissowski, Losniewski, Lutostański, Ł: Łośniewski, M: Maleczyński, Malenczyński, Maliszkiewicz, Małaciewski, Małaczeński, Małaczewski, Małaczyński, Małęczyński, Metelski, Michalski, Mietelski, Milewski, Młodnicki, Moczulski, Moczydłowski, Morzkowski, Mroczkowski, N: Niskiewicz, Nowicki, O: Odelski, Odolski, Olszewski, P: Pannenko, Pawłowski, Pczycki, Perkowski, Pieślak, Piotrowski, Pluszczewski, Pluszczowski, Pluta, Pluto, Płuszczewski, Podgurski, Podrez, Polski, Prendowski, Prędowski, Proniewicz, Proniewski, Przełomiński, Przyłuski, Ptuszczewski, Pusz, R: Roszkowski, S: Sakiewicz, Sakowicz, Sarnewicz, Seredyński, Skirwin, Słobodziński, Smolak, Sobierajski, Sobolewski, Sołkowski, Sozański, Starzyński, Sujkowski, Surwiłło, Suykowski, Szawroński, Szawrowski, Szczefanowicz, Szuwalski, Szwaroński, Szwedowicz, Szwedowski, Ś: Świderski-Bałaszewicz, T: Tołokiewicz, Topczewski, Truskolaski, Truskolawski, Truskoleśny, U: Upnicki, W: Wakar, Wałejko, Wasilowski, Wasiłowski, Wendrychowski, Wędrychowski, Wierzbicki, Wojszyński, Wolimer, Wolmer, Wołejko, Wołk, Womer, Woronowicz, Woronowski, Wronowicz, Wróblewski, Wyszkowski, Wyżewski, Wzderski, Z: Zaniwicki, Zawistowski, Zbożniakiewicz, Zienkowski, Ż: Żarnowiecki, Żorawski, Żórawski, Żyliński.

- 1 surname more on Ornatowski.com - Herbarz rodowy (A. Znamierowski)
- Filleborne.

- 1 surname more on Ornatowski.com - Rodziny (families)
- Lipowicz.

- 2 surnames more on Genealogia Dynastyczna/Dynastic Genealogy (R.Jurzak)
- Prędkowski, Szymanowski.

- 2 surnames more on Wittyg’s "Nieznana szlachta polska i jej herby"
A short version of Wiktor Wittyg’s work is available HERE, see 1- Herbarze i wykazy. 2- Herbarze. 3- nieznana szlachta. 4- at the bottom of the page enter on: Spis klejnotników... 5- see Korwin: - Raab, Serdyński. Note: Raab h. Rab is considered as a variation of Kos coat-of-arms by R. Jurzak, not a variation of Korwin properly.

- 2 surnames more on Słownik genealogiczny – leksykon - Korwin
- Terajewicz, Terajowicz.

Controversies about surnames
Some surnames were included by anonymous (not active wikipedian editors) so discussion is impossible and/or there are no sources available on-line about them. Other names may be or may be not "Korwin surnames", they are usually classified in the Ślepowron coat-of-arms or may be controversial for many different reasons.

- A lost surname? Noskowski z Noskowa
Łukasz z Noskowa was a scholar and chancellor of the Cracow Academy see Chancellors of the Cracow Academy – currently Jagiellonian University (1500-1599) - ennobled (circa 1526) and entitled to Korwin coat of arms (Chancellors and scholars of the University used to be ennobled). In Kochanowiczów herbu Korwin say "Wizerunek herbu korwin znajduje się na płycie nagrobnej Lukasza Noskowskiego (zm. 1532) w kościele Mariackim w Krakowie." Rougly: "Korwin coat of arms can be found on the tombstone of Łukasz Noskowski (death 1532), in St. Mary's Basilica, Kraków." But may be, he never used the surname "Noskowski" really. He could be "Korwin z Noskowa" or "Noskowski z Noskowa h. Korwin", or he didn't get descendants (so his surname disappeared), or even more, perhaps he was ennobled with another surname, etc. In 16th century Poland-Lithuania the style and title of ennoblement (nobilitacja) carried on the use of a Coat of arms and a Surname, sometimes gived by the Crown and sometimes self-gived (usually taken from his estate). Polish-ethnic burghers and peasants didn't use surnames yet. Sometimes if the new-noble already had a foreign surname or nickname (Polish-German burghers mainly) he could get a new surname considered "more Polish". Many foreign nobles re-ennobled (indygenat) in Poland did the same - i.e.
 * Noskowski z Noskowa or Noskowski - there is no source currently available on-line to this surname as entitled to use the Korwin coat of arms.
 * German "Löllhöffel von Löwensprung" turned on "Lelewel  h. Loelhoeffel" (also said Lelewel coat of arms),
 * French "Andrault de Buy" turned on "Antonowicz h. Andrault de Buy",
 * Italian "Torelli" become "Poniatowski h. Ciołek" (from Italian vitello/torello, meaning calf/little-bull in English is cielę/ciołek in Polish), etc. etc. etc.

- "Ślepowron surnames" rather than "Korwin" but once on Korwin (herb szlachecki)
The "Ślepowron/Korwin usual confusion" allow to include temporarily them in the list.
 * Drużyński h. Ślepowron (in T. Gajl, A. Znamierowski, and A. B. Winiarski works) it seems not to be Korwin – this surname was edited by an anonymous (88.156.89.129) in 26 październik /October 2007 in w:pl and the same editor (88.156.89.129) in 30 Oct 2007 in w:en.
 * Kuczyński h. Ślepowron (in Gajl, Winiarski and Znamierowski works) it seems not to be Korwin – this surname was edited by an anonymous (83.23.215.25) in 4 luty/February 2007 and deleted in 10 luty/February 2007 by own mistake, but it is the same case of the others.

- Not "Korwin surnames" at all but once on Korwin (herb szlachecki)

 * Gawron h. Gawron (in T.Gajl's work - Gawron coat of arms is not a Korwin variation) it seems not to be Korwin at all - edited by an anonymous (82.146.245.167) in 15 styczeń/January 2008.
 * Łopuszański h. Sas (in T. Gajl, A. Znamierowski and A. B. Winiarski works) it seems not to be Korwin at all - edited by an anonymous (83.144.72.148) in 1 listopad/November 2006.
 * Zapolski h. Pobóg (in T. Gajl, A. Znamierowski and A. B. Winiarski works) it seems not to be Korwin at all - edited by an anonymous (83.7.111.140) in 24 czerwiec/June 2007.

- Surnames not available on any on-line armorials at all but once on Korwin (herb szlachecki)
This was edited by an anonymous (87.205.249.255) in 2 grudzień/December 2008: "Binkowski (a także od tego nazwiska skrócony Binek)", roughly "Binek is a short form of Binkowski" (this make not sense). Binek is a surname currently considered in use by about 1900 people in Poland. This was edited by an anonymous (89.206.15.214) in 13 listopad/November 2008. It is a surname currently considered in use by about 660 people in Poland.
 * Binek – it seems not to be in on-line armorials at all.
 * Matelski – it seems not to be in on-line armorials at all.
 * Mikke - it seems not to be in on-line armorials at all. Of course, Mikke and Korwin-Mikke may be "lost names" of Korwin II or Korwin III (or may be not). Astonishing they were included and deleted several times in w:pl surnames list. The issue seems to be about Janusz Korwin-Mikke, a controversial Polish journalist and politician, however so many editions may refer to a political-war in Poland rather a real looking for genealogy-heraldic sources. Mikke is a surname currently considered in use by 120 people in Poland and there are 8 people named Korwin-Mikke.
 * Muecke - it seems not to be in on-line armorials at all. It was included anonymously and deleted later in w:pl surnames list. It seems that nobody use the surname Muecke in Poland currently, but there are a few in Germany.
 * Warmijak - it seems not to be in on-line armorials at all. This was edited by an anonymous (89.76.30.229) in 19 styczeń/January 2008. Warmijak is a surname currently considered in use by about 160 people in Poland.

List of variations of Korwin coat-of-arms
Families entitled to 16 variations of Korwin coat of arms; 17 surnames.

Surnames entitled to Korwin II and Korwin III seems to have been mixed on Korwin, since there are no names in their lists. Bieńkowski coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Bieńkowski. Chrzanowski coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Chrzanowski. Gosiewski coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Gosiewski. Jagodziński count coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Jagodziński. Kaftanowski coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Kaftanowski. Karaczyński coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Karaczyński. Korwin-Gałczewski coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Korwin-Gałczewski. Korwin-Krukowski coat-of-arms, 1 surname Korwin-Krukowski Lisowski coat-of-arms, 1 surname Lisowski Materna coat-of-arms, 2 surnames, Macerna, Materna. Michalski coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Michalski. Przykorwin coat-of-arms, 1 surname, Joachimowicz. Sakowicz coat-of-arms, 2 surnames, Dyrmejtowicz, Sakowicz. Terajewicz coat-of-arms, 2 surnames, Terajewicz, Terajowicz.