User:Gwugradstudent/Welfare state/IsmaelEden Peer Review

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User:Gwugradstudent
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Hey, I like the direction of your ideas. I suggest perhaps looking at the book 'The Welfare and the Welfare State' by Bent Greve that we've been reading in class. Specifically, Part II: The State, Market and Civil Society should be of interest.

The section on the 'State' could significantly enrich your ideas. You could consider incorporating the three types of welfare discussed by Greve: public, fiscal, and occupational. The section titled 'Forms' begins with:

“Broadly speaking, welfare states are either universal, with provisions that cover everybody; or selective, with provisions covering only those deemed most needy. In his 1990 book, The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, Danish sociologist Gøsta Esping-Andersen further identified three subtypes of welfare state models.”

(The question comes to mind, How are they covering everybody, or being selective?)

This brings up the question: How are these provisions universally covering everyone or selectively targeting the neediest?

The article does quote political scientist Benjamin Radcliff, who asserts that the welfare state improves life for everyone, regardless of social class (as do similar institutions, such as pro-worker labor market regulations and strong labor unions).

Integrating Greve's three types of welfare could enhance the idea that welfare isn't solely for those in need. It's not just cash or kind services provided to the 'needy'; even wealthy corporations receive tax incentives. Greve's 'fiscal welfare' refers to welfare financed and/or delivered through the tax system, which can be administered by the use of allowances, relief, and exemptions from tax.

As stated in the book, “Fiscal welfare is also referred to as tax expenditures as it is placed within the tax system, and consequently, it is often termed hidden welfare (Greve, 1994; Hacker, 2004; Morel, Touzet, and Zemmour, 2018), as it is not part of the classical way of calculating the cost of the welfare state, and is not included in information on public sector expenditures.”

In addition, I think adding a separate section on 'Gender and Welfare' would be a good idea. However, I don't want to overwhelm you with extra work. Including the three types of welfare that Greve discusses in his book is just a suggestion.