User:Gymnogyps/Internet of Things

=Internet of Things=

=To Do= 1. look at references

2. look at citations

3. look at further reading

=Present Structure of this Article=

1. Early History

2. Applications

2.1 Media 2.2 Enviromental monitoring 2.3 Infrastructure management 2.4 Manufacturing 2.5 Energy management 2.6 Medical healthcare systems 2.7 Building and Home Automation 2.8 Transportation 2.9 Large Scale Automation

3. Uniquely addressability of things

The Unique Addressability of things is understated in the original article

Unique addressability of things
The original idea of the Auto-ID Center is based on RFID-tags and unique identification through the Electronic Product Code however this has evolved into objects having an IP address or URI.

An alternative view, from the world of the Semantic Web focuses instead on making all things (not just those electronic, smart, or RFID-enabled) addressable by the existing naming protocols, such as URI. The objects themselves do not converse, but they may now be referred to by other agents, such as powerful centralized servers acting for their human owners.

The next generation of Internet applications using Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) would be able to communicate with devices attached to virtually all human-made objects because of the extremely large address space of the IPv6 protocol. This system would therefore be able to scale to the large numbers of objects envisaged.

A combination of these ideas can be found in the current GS1/EPCglobal EPC Information Services (EPCIS) specifications. This system is being used to identify objects in industries ranging from aerospace to fast moving consumer products and transportation logistics.

4. Trends and characteristics

4.1 Intellegence 4.2 Architecture 4.3 Complex systems 4.4 Size considereations 4.5 Space considerations 4.6 Sectors 4.7 A Basket of remotes

5. Sub systems

6. Frameworks

7. Criticism and controversies

7.1 Civic Engagement and Politics 7.2 Privacy, autonomy and control 7.3 Security 7.4 Children and the Internet of Things 7.5 Design 7.6 Enviromental impact 8. Trivia

9. See also

10. References

11. Further Reading

12. External links

=Revised Structure of this Article=

1. Early History

2. Feasibility of The Internet of Things

The Material from the original article before 2.1 introducing Applications seems to associate well the material in 3. Unique addressability of things and I'd like to propose the idea of introducing the technology that makes this work (IP) in new section possibly titled Feasibility, although this leads the discussion more than simple documents the discussion.

2.1 Limitations of Internet Protocol v4

Integration with the Internet implies that devices will utilize an IP address as the unique identifier. However, due to the limited address space of IPv4 which uses 32-bit addresses allowing for 232 unique addresses (approximately four  billion unique addresses) objects in the Internet of Things will use  IPv6  which uses 128-bit addresses allowing for 2128 unique addresses (approximately 340 undecillion unique addresses.) Objects in the IoT will not only be devices with sensory capabilities, but also provide actuation capabilities (e.g., bulbs or locks controlled over the Internet). To a large extent, the future of the Internet of Things will not be possible without the support of IPv6; and consequently the global adoption of IPv6 in the coming years will be critical for the successful development of the IoT in the future.

3. Applications

3.1 Media 3.2 Enviromental monitoring 3.3 Infrastructure management 3.4 Manufacturing 3.5 Energy management 3.6 Medical healthcare systems 3.7 Building and Home Automation 3.8 Transportation 3.9 Large Scale Automation

4. Uniquely addressability of things

5. Trends and characteristics

5.1 Intellegence 5.2 Architecture 5.3 Complex systems 5.4 Size considereations 5.5 Space considerations 5.6 Sectors 5.7 A Basket of remotes

6. Sub systems

7. Frameworks

8. Criticism and controversies

8.1 Civic Engagement and Politics 8.2 Privacy, autonomy and control 8.3 Security 8.4 Children and the Internet of Things 8.5 Design 8.6 Enviromental impact

9. Trivia

10. See also

11. References

12. Further Reading

13. External links

=From the original article on 20150804=

Unique addressability of things
The original idea of the Auto-ID Center is based on RFID-tags and unique identification through the Electronic Product Code however this has evolved into objects having an IP address or URI.

An alternative view, from the world of the Semantic Web focuses instead on making all things (not just those electronic, smart, or RFID-enabled) addressable by the existing naming protocols, such as URI. The objects themselves do not converse, but they may now be referred to by other agents, such as powerful centralized servers acting for their human owners.

The next generation of Internet applications using Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) would be able to communicate with devices attached to virtually all human-made objects because of the extremely large address space of the IPv6 protocol. This system would therefore be able to scale to the large numbers of objects envisaged.

A combination of these ideas can be found in the current GS1/EPCglobal EPC Information Services (EPCIS) specifications. This system is being used to identify objects in industries ranging from aerospace to fast moving consumer products and transportation logistics.

=From the original article on 20150803:=

Applications
According to Gartner, Inc. (a technology research and advisory corporation), there will be nearly 26 billion devices on the Internet of Things by 2020. ABI Research estimates that more than 30 billion devices will be wirelessly connected to the Internet of Things by 2020.

As per a recent survey and study done by Pew Research Internet Project, a large majority of the technology experts and engaged Internet users who responded—83 percent—agreed with the notion that the Internet/Cloud of Things, embedded and wearable computing (and the corresponding dynamic systems ) will have widespread and beneficial effects by 2025. It is, as such, clear that the IoT will consist of a very large number of devices being connected to the Internet. In an active move to accommodate new and emerging technological innovation, the UK Government, in their 2015 budget, allocated £40,000,000 towards research into the Internet of Things. The Chancellor, Rt Hon George Osborne, posited that the Internet of Things is the next stage of the information revolution and referenced the inter-connectivity of everything from urban transport to medical devices to household appliances.

Integration with the Internet implies that devices will utilize an IP address as a unique identifier. However, due to the limited address space of IPv4 (which allows for 4.3 billion unique addresses), objects in the IoT will have to use IPv6 to accommodate the extremely large address space required. Objects in the IoT will not only be devices with sensory capabilities, but also provide actuation capabilities (e.g., bulbs or locks controlled over the Internet). To a large extent, the future of the Internet of Things will not be possible without the support of IPv6; and consequently the global adoption of IPv6 in the coming years will be critical for the successful development of the IoT in the future.

The ability to network embedded devices with limited CPU, memory and power resources means that IoT finds applications in nearly every field. Such systems could be in charge of collecting information in settings ranging from natural ecosystems to buildings and factories, thereby finding applications in fields of environmental sensing and urban planning.

On the other hand, IoT systems could also be responsible for performing actions, not just sensing things. Intelligent shopping systems, for example, could monitor specific users' purchasing habits in a store by tracking their specific mobile phones. These users could then be provided with special offers on their favorite products, or even location of items that they need, which their fridge has automatically conveyed to the phone. Additional examples of sensing and actuating are reflected in applications that deal with heat, electricity and energy management, as well as cruise-assisting transportation systems. Another excellent application that the Internet of Things brings to the picture is home security solutions. Home automation is also a major step forward when it comes to applying IoT. All these advances add to the numerous list of IoT applications. Now with IoT, you can control the electrical devices installed in your house while you are sorting out your files in office. Your water will be warm as soon as you get up in the morning for the shower. All credit goes to smart devices which make up the smart home. Everything connected with the help of Internet.

However, the application of the IoT is not only restricted to these areas. Other specialized use cases of the IoT may also exist. An overview of some of the most prominent application areas is provided here. Based on the application domain, IoT products can be classified broadly into five different categories: smart wearable,  smart home, smart city, smart environment, and smart enterprise. The IoT products and solutions in each of these markets have different characteristics.