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Lobby
A lobby is the entrance or entry to a building, usually located on the ground floor or main entrance level. It is the main entry point for individuals to enter a building. It is often designed to create a visual impression and set the tone for the rest of the building. Architects and interior designers pay close attention to the aesthetics of a lobby, using materials, lighting, and décor to create a pleasant and memorable atmosphere. The lobby of a commercial building, especially an office complex or hotel, often has a reception desk or concierge where visitors can check in, get information, and ask for help. This adds to the welcoming and professional feel of the building. For visitors, a building's lobby often forms their first impression of the building and its occupants. A well-maintained and aesthetically pleasing lobby can contribute to a positive perception. Building lobbies often include seating areas where visitors or residents can wait for appointments, transportation, or friends. These waiting areas are decorated to be comfortable and inviting. In larger buildings, directories or information kiosks may be installed in the lobby to help people navigate and find specific offices or apartments in the building.

As a transitional space between the exterior and interior of a building, lobbies help regulate the indoor environment by preventing drafts, noise, and outside elements from entering the building. Building lobbies vary widely in size, style, and function, depending on the type of building and its purpose. Lobbies are integral to a building's infrastructure, providing security, comfort, convenience, and accessibility to those entering and exiting.

Access control devices such as security guards, key card systems, or intercoms are often installed in building lobbies to ensure that only authorized people can enter. These are designed to enhance security and safety. They might have surveillance cameras, fire alarm systems, and clearly marked emergency exits. Security guards or front desk staff can monitor and respond to security and safety issues. Some building lobbies offer amenities like fitness centers, meeting rooms, and common areas. Tenants or landlords may need to pass through the lobby to access these facilities. Many residential buildings have mailboxes or package storage in the lobby so that residents can receive mail and packages safely.

History
Lobbies have evolved significantly over time as architectural styles, technology, and societal needs have changed.

In ancient civilizations (Rome and Greece), a lobby was an open space just inside the entrance to a building, often serving as a transitional space between the outdoors and indoors. Lobbies primarily served to protect against rain and wind. Mainly, it featured a wide hall where people gathered for multiple purposes and served as a center of meetings, socializing, and political discourse.

Medieval Era, often called The Middle Ages or The Dark Ages: Medieval houses reflected a simple and restrained style, shaped by the prevailing political and social climate. Inside castles, walls adorned with murals depicting chivalry and religious themes, complemented by tapestries, stone, brick, or tile graced the floors. Within the medieval era, castles and expansive estates had waiting areas. These areas did double duty as living quarters for servants and security guards. Simultaneously, it was the place where they waited to meet their lord and landlord.

In the Renaissance and Baroque periods, lobbies of grand buildings and palaces were designed as impressive entrances with ornate decorations, grand staircases, and lavish furnishings to reflect the wealth and status of their occupants. In Europe, especially during this period, rich sponsors hosted salons to bring together intellectuals, writers, artists, and philosophers to form a cultural and intellectual movement.

In the 19th century, a lobby was the waiting space of the building where people sat or stood until the event or appointment for which they were waiting began. Lobbies in theaters, hotels, and cultural institutions often featured artwork, sculptures, and installations to create a unique atmosphere and engage visitors. Hotel lobbies were evolving to become more intimate and sociable. They often feature cozy seating, coffee bars, and common areas to encourage interaction between guests. In 1888, Theophilus Van Kannel invented the revolving door, a design that characterized the entrance of modern skyscrapers. Almost all hotels had installed a revolving door to enter the lobby to make them look more upscale.

The 20th-century modernist movement sought simplicity and functionality; lobbies in modern buildings were characterized by clean lines, minimal design, and materials such as glass and steel. Modern Times in office buildings, the lobby has become an important space to promote business. They often feature large reception desks, branding elements, and comfortable seating for waiting customers. With growing concerns about security, many building lobbies have security checkpoints, access control systems, and surveillance technology to ensure safety. Green and sustainable design principles have influenced lobby design. Many modern lobbies use energy-efficient lighting, natural materials, and indoor plants to create a healthier, more environmentally friendly space. Some modern lobbies are designed to be multifunctional spaces, serving as meeting spaces, coworking spaces, or event venues, allowing them to be used for more than just waiting areas.

Today, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, advances in technology have brought interactive displays, digital signage, contactless check-in systems, and more to lobbies to enhance the visitor experience and provide information. Lobbies have transformed from functional entrances to spaces that reflect architectural trends, technological advances, and the changing needs of users.