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Kingdom of the Lombards Page; Says "Desiderius and his children Ermengarde (whose real name was Desiderata) and Adalgis" point to mark is the real name of Ermengarde. Desiderata means simply 'desirable' and was most likely not her real name, but is the only name we have as reference. Not part of assigned page, but should raise.

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Adalgis or Adelchis (died 788) was an associate king of the Lombards from August 759, reigning with his father, Desiderius, until their deposition in June 774.(1) His mother was Ansa. He is also remembered today as the hero of the play Adelchi (1822) by Alessandro Manzoni.

In Desiderius' attempts to rekindle an alliance between the Lombards and Carolingians he proposed that Adalgis should marry Charlemagne's sister Gisela. Bachrach has suggested that this proposal was to undermine the Carolingian's relationship with the papacy.

When in 773 the Lombard kingdom was invaded by Charlemagne, the king of the Franks, Desiderius stayed in Pavia, the capital, where he unsuccessfully resisted a siege. Adalgis instead retreated into Verona, where he sheltered the widow and children of Charlemagne's younger brother, Carloman I, who had entered an Italian monastery after abdicating the kingship.(1) Even before the fall of Pavia, when the Frankish army approached Verona, Adalgis did not resist. He escaped to Constantinople, where he was received by the Eastern Roman emperor Constantine V, who raised him to the patriciate.

Adalgis was rumoured to return to re-conquer Italy and solicited help from Duke Arechis II of Benevento for this purpose. Many Lombards later rebelled against Frankish rule, believing that Adalgis' return was imminent. The historian Paul the Deacon reflected a widespread belief among the Lombards when he wrote, as part of his poetic epigraph for the tomb of Ansa, that "in her, by Christ, the greatest hope of the Lombards spent a time."(2) Einhard, Charlemagne's biographer, also records that "on [Adalgis] all hope seemed to incline" (in quem spes omnium inclinatae videbantur).(1) [from Einhard directly, anything relating to this quote is primary source translated]

Only in 787, after the efforts of the Empress Irene to obtain the hand in marriage of Charlemagne's daughter Rotrude for her son, Constantine VI, did the Romans move to give Adalgis the military assistance he required.(1) An expeditionary corps was placed under the command of the saccellarius and logotheta Ihoannes and augmented by troops from Sicily under the patrikios Theodoros. The Roman army landed in Calabria towards the end of 788, but was met by the united armies of the Lombard dukes Hildeprand of Spoleto and Grimoald III of Benevento, who had succeeded his father, Arechis, and made peace with the Franks. These Lombard forces were accompanied by Frankish troops under Winiges. In the ensuing battle the Romans were defeated, but there is no further record of the fate of Adalgis.(1)

Edits

1) Found up to date references in English from the past 20 years. Replacing an Italian Biographical Dictionary from 1960, and adding more variety of sources into the article. All original reference numbers are marked as (n) to track what references have been addressed and changed.

a)

2) Edited third sentence; "He is remembered today primarily as the hero of the play Adelchi (1822) by Alessandro Manzoni." This is subjective and not at all accurate for students of the Carolingian period. A brief investigation by simply googling his name (Adelchis) gave results quite far down the first page. Whereas, searching his native name, and the name relating to the title of this page (Adalgis) pushed results back to page four (4). Instead it should read "He is also remembered today as the hero of the play Adelchi (1822) by Alessandro Manzoni."

3) Added minor paragraph into second place. Paragraph uses Bachrach's tactical analysis of Charlemagne's conquest of Lombardy, mention of Adalgis (Adelchis in the book) as a negotiating tool against the Carolingian involvement in Italy.

4) Minor grammatical changes: "Adalgis hoped to return to re-conquer Italy and solicited help" (removed comma between "Italy" and "and".