User:Ham105/sandbox/p32

Ranges

 * Use a dash, or a word such as from or between, but not both: from 1881 to 1886 (not from 1881–1886); between June1 and July3 (not between June1 – July3)

Simple ranges: year–year, day–day, month–month

 * A simple year–year range is written using an en dash ( or ) not an em dash, hyphen or slash; this dash is usually  (that is, with no space on either side); and the range's end year is usually given in full:
 * 1881–1886; 1881–1992 (not 1881–86; 1881 – 1992)
 * Two-digit ending years (1881–82, but never 1881–882 or 1881–2) be used in any of the following cases: (1) two consecutive years; (2) infoboxes and tables where space is limited (using a single format consistently in any given table column); and (3) in certain topic areas if there is a very good reason, such as matching the established convention of reliable sources.
 * The slash notation (2005/2006) may be used to signify a fiscal year or other special period, if that convention is used in reliable sources.
 * Other "simple" ranges use an en dash as well:
 * day–day: 5–7January 1979; January5–7, 1979; elections were held March 5–8
 * month–month: the 1940 peak period was May–July; the peak period was May–July1940; (but the peak period was May 1940 – July 1940 uses a en dash; )
 * An overnight period may be expressed using a slash between two contiguous dates: the night raids of 30/31May 1942 or raids of 31May/ 1June 1942. Or use an en dash: (unspaced) raids of 30–31May 1942; (spaced) raids of 31May – 1June 1942.
 * An overnight period may be expressed using a slash between two contiguous dates: the night raids of 30/31May 1942 or raids of 31May/ 1June 1942. Or use an en dash: (unspaced) raids of 30–31May 1942; (spaced) raids of 31May – 1June 1942.

Ranges where items are spaced

 * If at least one of the items on either side of the en dash contains a space, then a en dash  is used:
 * between specific dates in different months: They travelled June3 – August18, 1952; They travelled 3June – 18August 1952
 * between dates in different years:
 * Charles Robert Darwin (12February 1809 – 19April 1882) was an English naturalist...
 * Abraham Lincoln (February12, 1809 – April15, 1865) was the 16th President of...
 * between months in different years: The exception was in force August 1892 – January 1903; The Ghent Incursion (March 1822 – January1, 1823) was ended by the New Year's Treaty
 * Where circa or other modifiers are used: reigned c. 1393 – 1414
 * Where circa or other modifiers are used: reigned c. 1393 – 1414
 * Where circa or other modifiers are used: reigned c. 1393 – 1414

Date range to the present

 * Constructions such as 1982–present (with unspaced ndash), January 1, 2011 – present (spaced ndash), or January 2011 – present (spaced ndash) may be used where appropriate, but other constructions may be more appropriate in prose . In tables and infoboxes where space is limited, pres. may be used (1982–pres.). Do not use incomplete-looking constructions such as 1982– and 1982–....

Biographical dates

 * For a person still living: Serena Williams (born September26, 1981) is a..., not (September26, 1981 – ) or (born on September26, 1981). Do not use   to indicate born; use   only where space is limited e.g. tables and infoboxes; use either   or   consistently in any given table column.
 * Where birthdate is unknown: John Smith (died May1, 1622) or John Smith (died 1622) Do not use   to indicate died; use   only where space is limited, with consistency within any given table column.
 * The template can keep ages current in infoboxes and so on:
 * returns: 34
 * returns: 34-year-old
 * returns: 34 years old
 * Date mathematics templates are available for other age calculations.