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District 1 is situated in the northeastern end of Tehran Municipality and is considered its northernmost district. It is bounded by the Alborz Mountain range from the north, the Evin region from the west, Shahid Chamran, Modares, and Shahid Sadr highways from the south, and Lavasanat from the east. This district is a part of Shemiranat City, also known as Shemiran. It spans an area of 49.9 square kilometers with a territory of 131.1 square kilometers and comprises 10 zones and 27 neighborhoods. The district is home to fifteen museums, including two royal museums, Niavaran Palace and Saadabad Palace, and the Museum of the Spectator of Time. Additionally, the complex of palaces of Niavaran, Saad Abad, Mellat Palace, Shahwand Palace of Imamzadeh Saleh, and Zahir al-Doulah Cemetery are significant historical landmarks. The mountainous areas of Darband, Darakeh, Darakeh River, Kolakchal, Evin, Niavaran Parks, Jamshidiyeh, and Qeytiyereh are among the region's recreational places and tourist attraction centers. District 1 is cooler than the center of Tehran and has better weather than the center of Karaj, Qazvin, and Zanjan. The average rainfall in this district is 428 mm, which is higher than other urban parts of Qazvin, Karaj, Semnan, Tehran, and Zanjan. Moreover, according to pollution statistics, this part of Tehran city has less pollution than the city center, the south of Tehran, and the whole city of Karaj.

Urban Management

The District 1 Municipality is responsible for managing municipal affairs in Region 1 of Tehran Municipality. The deputy mayor of Tehran in Region One, also known as the mayor of Region One, oversees the administration of this region. This area of Tehran Municipality comprises 10 municipal Zones and 27 neighborhoods, including Araj, Ozgol, Imamzadeh Qasim, Evin, Bagh Ferdous, Tajrish, Jamaran, Chizar, Hissar Bu-Ali, Hikmat, Darabad, Darband, Darake, Dezashib, Zafaranieh, Sohank, University Town, Naft Township, Shahid Mahalati Township, Farmaniyeh, Qeytiyeh, Kashank, Kohsar, Gulabdareh, Mahmoudieh, Niavaran, and Valanjak.

Geography and population

District 1 is bounded by the southern slope of the Alborz mountains to the north, the Chamran highway between Azadi Hotel and Modares highway and Sadr bridge to the south, the lands of Darake River to the west, and the end of the army highway, Asphalt factory, and oil source in the northeast of Tehran to the east. Zone 2, covering an area of 55.8 square kilometers, is the largest, while the Azgol Zone, spanning 3.5 square kilometers, is the smallest. Areas 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10 have mountainous boundaries. The per capita public and private green space in the region is 54.45 square meters. The population of the region is estimated to be more than 487 thousand people based on the 2015 census.

The texture of the area

The urban design of District 1, specifically Shemiran, can be described as having a quasi-rural texture and is often referred to as a "city garden". Shemiran is situated in the southern foothills of the Alborz mountains and has a unique blend of modern and traditional urban planning. Despite facing challenges in construction activities, Shemiran has maintained its status as an old and significant resort area with distinct climatic characteristics. This has created a demand for further construction work in the region.

Cultural-historical centers

District 1 has a rich cultural and historical heritage, with fifteen museums and two royal museum complexes, namely Niavaran Palace and Saadabad Palace, as well as the Museum of the Spectator of Time. The region is also home to several significant historical sites, including the complexes of palaces of Niavaran, Saad Abad, Mellat Palace, Shahwand Palace of Imamzadeh Saleh, and Zahir al-Doulah Cemetery. In addition to its historical and cultural significance, District 1 is also home to several important cultural centers, such as the Niavaran Cultural Center, the Jamaran Gallery, and the Cultural Center of the Nations. The region is also home to several cinemas, including the Arg Cinema Campus, Astara Cinema, Iranian Cinema Museum, Javan Cinema, and Dezashib Cinema. For science enthusiasts, District 1 has several notable scientific centers, including the Children's Park Observatory, Khawanin Brewery, Science and Astronomy Center, Darabad Wildlife Museum, Islamic Encyclopedia Center, Shahid Beheshti Universities, Baghiatallah Medical Sciences, and International Research Center of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Natural attractions

District 1 boasts several mountainous areas that serve as recreational places and tourist attractions. Darband, Darake, Rud Darake, Kolakchal, Evin Parks, Niavaran, Jamshidiyeh, and Qeitarieh are among these scenic locations. Tochal, with its height of 3966 meters, is the highest mountain point in Tehran and offers a range of mountain sports activities such as mountain climbing, skiing, mountain biking, and rock climbing. It also features amenities such as a toboggan, a cable car with seven stations and fourteen shelters, a hotel, Red Crescent stations, hospitals, and more. Tajrish market, located in this district, is a historical monument and the second-largest market in the capital. Additionally, the presence of extra-regional parks like Nilufar Forest Park, Darabad Coastal Park, and Gulabdare adds to the tourist appeal of this part of Tehran. District 1 is also home to seven rivers and valleys, further enhancing its natural beauty and recreational opportunities.

Religious centres

District 1 of Tehran Municipality is home to several Imamzadehs, which are shrines dedicated to the descendants of the Imams. Imamzadeh Qasim, a descendant of Imam Hassan Mojtabi, and Imamzadeh Ali Akbar are buried in the Chizar neighborhood of this district. Imamzadeh Ismail is also located in this area. In the courtyard of Imamzadeh Saleh, there is a burial place for unknown martyrs and Majid Shahriari. Additionally, there is a cemetery called Masumiyeh Porch in the basement of this Imamzadeh where many famous individuals have been laid to rest. These Imamzadehs and the associated burial sites hold cultural and historical significance in the region.

Public transportation:

•	Tajrish Metro Station •	Qeytarieh Metro Station •	Shahid Sadr Metro Station •	Qaem Metro Station •	Shahid Mahallati Metro Station •	Eskandarieh Metro Station •	Nobonyad Metro Station.