User:HannahFah/sandbox

To me it looks like a good set of topics to add. You may well add a map. There are no really good sources cited, so please do if possible. Adding information about the seed vault is great, but check Svalbard Global Seed Vault to see what to add to not overlap too much. Olle Terenius (UU) (talk) 14:35, 16 April 2018 (UTC)

Climate of Svalbard
To add to the introduction:

Improve introduction in general, structure it. Some of the information can be under meteorology instead.

Add a map?

Svalbard is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean.

After the first sentence Climate is defined by the World Meteorological Organization as the average weather over a 30 year period.

To add under Historical data:

Meteorological data for Svalbard dates back to 1911. 60% of the archipelago is covered by glaciers so drilling for ice cores can be used to study the climate before this time (2). Ice cores on Svalbard can reveal the climate going back 1000 years, to the end of the Viking era. The Norwegian Polar Institute’s research has shown 1000 years ago the climate on Svalbard was mild, allowing the seas to be navigable. This warmer climate lasted until the 1200s. After this time the climate was in a cold period, or a mini ice age, apart from around the 1750s when the climate was warmer.

Ecology:

Different groups of species

Typical arctic species such as polar bears, arctic fox, marine

Why arctic species are particularly vulnerable

The climate of Svalbard has an effect on the ecology of the archipelago with many of the species that live there specially adapted to the harsh environment.

Climate change:

The Arctic region is particularly vulnerable to climate change with surface air temperatures increasing at twice the global rate (3).

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2016/11/22/melting-arctic-its-a-very-different-svalbard/


 * Permafrost

http://www.mosj.no/en/climate/land/permafrost.html

The thawing of permafrost in Svalbard emit greenhouse gases like CO2 (carbon dioxide) and CH4 (methane), which leads to higher temperatures and creates a positive feedback-loop.


 * Glaciers

http://www.apollon.uio.no/english/articles/2016/1_glaciers.html


 * Seed vault

https://news.nationalgeographic.com/future-of-food/norway-svalbard-global-seed-vault/

References:

1 http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/wcp/ccl/faq/faq_doc_en.html accessed 01 April 2018

2 http://www.npolar.no/en/themes/glaciers/ice-cores.html accessed 01 April 2018

3 Anisimov OA, Callaghan T, Vilhjálmsson H, Christensen TR, Reist JD, Barry R. Polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic). Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden and C.E. Hanson, Eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 653-685.

Book: Jorgensen, M (2015). Polar Bears on the Edge. NozoMojo.