User:Haritha Babu/sandbox

INTRODUCTION
Every student is different in terms of ability to learn, standards of academia, learning in classrooms and their performance in academics. They also differ in their ways of learning. Teachers should aim at providing educational, mental and emotional support to students who are exceptional in their school performance. Intellectual disability is neuro-developmental in nature. Gifted and backward children are to be treated and seen separately. They are either seen to be highly intelligent in the case of gifted children and intellectually slow in the case of backward children.

GIFTED CHILDREN
The term gifted referred only to students with unusually high verbal skills in the olden times. They demonstrated their skills well. In recent times, the meaning of gifted has been extended to include explicit talents in terms of activities like music, creative writing, or the arts.

Criteria for Gifted children
High IQ	Exceptional talent High achievement Potential to achieve or excel Heightened sensitivity Exhibition of exceptional performances in either general intellectual, special academic aptitude, visual/performing arts, creative production, and leadership.

Qualities of gifted children
Quick and independent learning than most students their own age. Well-developed vocabulary, extraordinary reading and writing skills. Highly motivated, especially in challenging tasks. High standards of achievement. High level of alertness. Exceptional memory. Highly imaginative, etc.

Programs adopted for Educationally Gifted Children
Acceleration Enrichment The “laissez-faire” method

EDUCATIONALLY BACKWARD CHILDREN
A backward child is a slow learner. Slow learning children represent a group of educationally retarded. The factors that contribute to this feature may be cultural, personal, quarrels between parents and in some cases, school conditions, long leaves due to sickness, etc. Therefore, these students need special arrangements in schools. They are initially sent to special schools once they are identified and then become normal and sent to usual schools like the others.

Criteria for Educationally backward Children
•	The intelligence quotient is below 90. •	Short memory span. •	No logical thinking. •	Inability to understanding unique concepts. •	Less imagination. •	Low Association memory

Qualities of Educationally backward Children
•	Inappropriate language patterns or problems in speech •	Frustration, anger, etc. •	The company with younger children •	Improper social behaviors •	Difficulties in understanding concepts once explained.

Programs adopted for Educationally backward Children
•	More opportunities are provided for learning through their senses using audio-visual aids. •	Never is the child be put on spot answer. •	Clear instructions are always given. •	The required amount of appreciation can always motivate the child. •	More practice time is allotted. •	Enough time is given for the assigned work to be completed by the child. •	Extra attention and special consideration are given. •	Field trips are conducted on a regular basis. •	Learning units are more focussed on life issues and less on subject matters. •	Comparison and competition are not entertained. •	Teachers should make sure that the abstractness of the topic taught and the number is minimum. •	Terms like ‘idiot’, ‘moron’, ‘backbencher’, etc. are not be used as it might lower their self-esteem. •	Individually guided and prescribed instruction method is followed.