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Domesticated quail are domestic forms of quails, several small species of fowl in the Phasianoidea. Quail are kept for their meat and egg production; as well as as pets and for their ornamental value. The most common domesticated species is the Japanese quail.

Species
Of the twenty species of wild bird referred to as quail, a number of species are commonly kept by humans, however only three species may be considered domesticated: Japanese quail, painted quail and bobwhite quails

Due to their large size, Coturnix quail are kept for meat and egg consumption. This breed contains more meat and produces more eggs than the others. Button quail (also known as King Quail, Chinese-Painted Quail and Blue-Breasted quail) are rarely kept for food production because they are smaller and produce fewer eggs. They are kept in large aviaries to clean the leftover seeds that fall to the floor. California, Gambel, Bobwhite, Scaled quails, etc. are less common and are rarely kept as pets.

Quail breeds

 * Coturnix or Japanese quail
 * Button, King, Chinese-Painted or Blue-Breasted quail
 * (Northern) Bobwhite quail
 * Gambel's quail
 * Mearn's quail
 * Mountain quail
 * Scaled quail
 * California (Valley) quail
 * Manipur Bush quail
 * Jungle Bush quail

Both Button and Coturnix quail have different feather coloring due to years of breeding. The common and wild Coturnix quail color is the Pharaoh breed, which is a brown feather color. The Button quail has a red breast, blue body, black and white head, and a brown back all in one (only present in males; females are a brown color all over). The Manipur Bush quail can be found mainly along the river Brahmaputra, in Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland and West Bengal in India.

Coturnix (Japanese) quail feather coloring
Other colors seen may be mutations.
 * Pharaoh - Rusty brown presented underbelly and an original brown color on the head and upper body.
 * English White - White all over in both males and females.
 * Manchurian Golden - Light rusty all over with a pattern. Males have a darker rusty color presented on the head while females are lighter in color.
 * Italian - Beige with striated marking. Males are presented with brown faces.
 * Tibetan (Dark British Range) - Dark chocolate all over with a spot of white under the beaks.
 * Rosetta (British Range) - Red-brown chocolate all over.
 * Silver - Light grey all over.
 * Tuxedo - White and brown mix.
 * Cinnamon (Red Range) - Light brown all over.
 * Scarlet (Red Golden) - Red-brown all over.
 * Roux - Lighter than the Pharaoh (wild) version.
 * Golden Tuxedo - White feathers all over with blonde feathers presented.

===Button quail feather coloring === Other colors seen may be mutations.
 * Wild (Common) Feather Color - Red breast, blue body, black and white face, and a brown back. Females are brown all over.
 * Silver - Another common feather coloring. Both females and males are a light grey. Males are presented with a black and white face.
 * White - Plain white all over in both males and females.
 * Red Breasted - Large red underbelly. Much alike the wild feather coloring.
 * Blue Faced - Blue underbelly and dark brown back in males and a dark brown all over in females.
 * Cinnamon - Light brown.
 * Golden Pearl - Females are a lighter brown.
 * Tuxedo Pied - A white and brown color mix.