User:Heiko/Editing

What it looks like
You can italicize text by putting 2 apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden the text.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize the text.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything special -- there's just 'one left over'.)

What you type
You can italicize text by putting 2 apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden the text.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize the text.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything special -- there's just 'one left over'.)

What it looks like
You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
 * Three tildes give your user name: Example (talk)


 * Four tildes give your user name plus date/time: Example (talk) 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Five tildes give the date/time alone: 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)

What you type
You should "sign" your comments on talk pages: name: name plus date/time: ~ date/time alone:
 * Three tildes give your user
 * Four tildes give your user
 * Five tildes give the

Section headings
Headings organize your writing into sections. The Wiki software can automatically generate a table of contents from them.

Subsection
Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

A smaller subsection
Don't skip levels, like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1 because 1 creates H1 tags which should be reserved for page title.

Section headings
Headings organize your writing into sections. The Wiki software can automatically generate a table of contents from them.

Subsection
Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

A smaller subsection
Don't skip levels, like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1 because 1 creates H1 tags which should be reserved for page title.

What it looks like
marks the end of the list.
 * Unordered lists are easy to do:
 * Start every line with a star.
 * More stars indicate a deeper level.
 * Previous item continues.
 * A new line
 * in a list
 * Of course you can start again.

What you type
marks the end of the list.
 * Unordered lists are easy to do:
 * Start every line with a star.
 * More stars indicate a deeper level.
 * Previous item continues.
 * A new line
 * in a list
 * Of course you can start again.

What it looks like
A new line marks the end of the list.
 * 1) Numbered lists are:
 * 2) Very organized
 * 3) Easy to follow
 * 1) New numbering starts with 1.

What you type
A new line marks the end of the list.
 * 1) Numbered lists are:
 * 2) Very organized
 * 3) Easy to follow
 * 1) New numbering starts with 1.

What it looks like

 * A colon indents a line or paragraph.

A newline starts a new paragraph. Often used for discussion on talk pages.
 * We use 1 colon to indent once.
 * We use 2 colons to indent twice.
 * 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.

What you type

 * A colon indents a line or paragraph.

A newline starts a new paragraph. Often used for discussion on talk pages.
 * We use 1 colon to indent once.
 * We use 2 colons to indent twice.
 * 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.

What it looks like
Here's a link to the Main page.

But be careful - capitalization counts!

What you type
Here's a link to the Main page.

What it looks like
Intentionally permanent red link is a page that doesn't exist yet. You could create it by clicking on the link.

What you type
Intentionally permanent red link is a page that doesn't exist yet. You could create it by clicking on the link.

What it looks like
You can link to a page section by its title:


 * List of cities by country.

If multiple sections have the same title, add a number. goes to the third section named "Example section".

What you type
You can link to a page section by its title:


 * List of cities by country.

If multiple sections have the same title, add a number. goes to the third section named "Example section".

What it looks like
Start sections with header lines
 * Sections and subsections

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.

New section 

Subsection 

Sub-subsection 


 * Start with a second-level heading ( == ); don't use first-level headings (=).
 * Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
 * A table of contents will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
 * If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of OECD countries, or some random order.
 * If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page.

What it looks like

 * Newline:

A single newline has no effect on the layout.

But an empty line starts a new paragraph, or ends a list or indented part. (  disables this paragraphing until   or the end  of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines. You might find this causes future problems&mdash;see w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks for details.


 * When used in a list, a newline does affect the layout (See Help:List).

What you type
A single newline has no effect on the layout.

But an empty line starts a new paragraph.

What it looks like
You can break lines

without starting a new paragraph. (The HTML tag is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code .)


 * Please use this sparingly.
 * Close markup between lines; do not start a link or italics or bold on one line and close it on the next.

What you type
You can break lines

without starting a new paragraph.

What it looks like
marks the end of the list.
 * Unordered Lists are easy to do:
 * start every line with a star,
 * more stars means deeper levels.
 * A newline
 * in a list
 * Of course,
 * you can
 * start again.

What you type
* Unordered Lists are easy to do: marks the end of the list.
 * start every line with a star,
 * more stars means deeper levels.
 * A newline
 * in a list
 * Of course,
 * you can
 * start again.

What it looks like
marks the end of the list.
 * 1) Numbered lists are also good
 * 2) very organized
 * 3) easy to follow
 * 4) A newline
 * 5) in a list
 * 1) New numbering starts
 * 2) with 1.

What you type
# Numbered lists are also good marks the end of the list.
 * 1) very organized
 * 2) easy to follow
 * 3) A newline
 * 4) in a list
 * 1) New numbering starts
 * 2) with 1.

What it looks like
in lists
 * You can even do mixed lists
 * and nest them
 * or break lines

What you type
* You can even do mixed lists in lists
 * and nest them
 * or break lines

What it looks like
Definition list
 * word : definition of the word
 * longer phrase
 * phrase defined

What you type
; word : definition of the word
 * longer phrase
 * phrase defined


 * One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.

What it looks like

 * Indenting
 * A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.

A manual newline starts a new paragraph. In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
 * This is often used for discussion on talk pages.

What you type
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.

What it looks like
When there is a need for separating a block of text the blockquote command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does. This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.

What you type
The blockquote command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.

What it looks like
Centered text.
 * Please note the US-English spelling of "center".

What you type
Centered text.

What it looks like
A horizontal dividing line: this is above it...

...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.

What you type
A horizontal dividing line: this is above it...

...and this is below it.

Links, URLs
More information at Help:Link

Internal links
General notes:
 * Enclose the target name in double square brackets&mdash; "" and "".
 * First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
 * Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
 * Links to nonexistent pages are shown in red&mdash;Help:Starting a new page tells about creating the page.
 * When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.

What it looks like
Sue is reading the official position (or Official positions).
 * Basic

What you type
Sue is reading the official position (or Official positions).

What it looks like
You can also italicize/etc. links: e.g., Wikipedia.
 * Basic + Text formatting

What you type
Wikipedia

What it looks like
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
 * Interwiki linking
 * See m:Help:Interwiki linking.
 * fr:Wikipédia:Aide.

What you type

 * See m:Help:Interwiki linking.
 * fr:Wikipédia:Aide.

What it looks like
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page. If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use . For more info, see Help:Editing FAQ.
 * Section of page
 * List of cities by country
 * List of cities by country

What you type

 * List of cities by country
 * List of cities by country

What it looks like
Use a pipe "|" to create a link label:
 * Piped link
 * About Links

What you type

 * About Links

What it looks like
"Blank" pipes hide: After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
 * Parentheses: kingdom.
 * Colon: Requests for adminship.

What you type
* Parentheses: kingdom (biology).
 * Colon: Requests for adminship.

What it looks like
A red link (like this one) points to a page that doesn't exist yet.
 * Links to nonexistent pages
 * You can create it by clicking on the link.
 * Have a look at how to start a page guide and the naming conventions page for your project.

What you type
A red link (like this one) points to a page that doesn't exist yet.

What it looks like
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
 * Link to yourself
 * Your user name: Example
 * Your user name plus timestamp: Example 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
 * Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

The server will fill in the link after you save.

What you type
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
 * Your user name:
 * Your user name plus timestamp: ~
 * Five tildes give a timestamp:

What it looks like
One article title to another with this special link.
 * Redirects

What you type
#REDIRECT United States

What it looks like

 * "Magic" links
 * ISBN links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See Help:ISBN links)
 * RfC links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See mediawiki:rfcurl)

What you type
ISBN 0123456789X RFC 123

What it looks like
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 * Media links

[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]

What you type
[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]

What it looks like
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom.
 * Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)

What it looks like
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, add a colon
 * Category non-listing links (these appear inline without listing the page in the category)

Category:English documentation

What you type
Category:English documentation

What it looks like
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use Special:Preferences to change your own date display setting.
 * Dates:

July 20 1969 20 July 1969 and 1969-07-20

What you type
July 20 1969 20 July 1969 and 1969-07-20

What it looks like
"What links here" etc. can be linked as:
 * Special pages

Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing

What you type
Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing

What it looks like
External link function is used for these as page will not work.
 * Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages

Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030

Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030

A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history

What you type
http://meta.wikimedia.org /w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset =20060813153343&limit=100&action=history

What it looks like
Nupedia,

What you type
Nupedia, 

What it looks like
[mailto:email@example.com Email Example], [mailto:email@example.com]

What you type
[mailto:email@example.com Email Example], [mailto:email@example.com]

What it looks like
Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
 * In the URL all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &amp;#?!=@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in ASCII). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.

What you type
Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.

What it looks like
What it looks like

What you type
What you type

What it looks like
Emphasize (italics), strongly (bold), very strongly (bold italics). (These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., Wikipedia).

Emphasize, strongly, very strongly.

Wikipedia

What it looks like
You can also write italic and bold. This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
 * F = ma

(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

You can also write italic and bold. This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
 * F = ma

What it looks like
You can also write in small caps. If the wiki has the templates, this can .

You can also write in small caps. If the wiki has the templates, this can .

What it looks like
A typewriter font, sometimes used for technical terms and.

What you type
A typewriter font, sometimes used for technical terms and.
 * For semantic reasons, using  where applicable is preferable to using.

What it looks like
You can use small text for captions.

What you type
You can use small text for captions.

What it looks like
You can strike out deleted material and underline new material.

You can also mark deleted material and inserted material using logical markup rather than visual markup.
 * When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
 * When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

You can strike out deleted material and underline new material.

You can also mark deleted material and inserted material using logical markup rather than visual markup.

What it looks like
Subscript: x2

Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &amp;sup2; than with &lt;sup>2&lt;/sup>

&epsilon;0 = 8.85 &times; 10&minus;12 C&sup2; / J m.

1 hectare = 1 E4 m²

Subscript: x2 Superscript: x2 or x&amp;sup2; &amp;epsilon;0 = 8.85 &amp;times; 10&amp;minus;12 C&amp;sup2; / J m.

1 hectare = 1 E4 m&amp;sup2

Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting
&lt;nowiki&gt; and &lt;pre&gt; tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.

What it looks like
regular


 * interpret special characters
 * interpret special wiki markup
 * reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
 * a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow     &rarr;

italics link

What you type
arrow     &amp;rarr;

italics link

What it looks like
&lt;nowiki> can be applied in-line: arrow     &rarr;
 * interpret special characters
 * don't interpret special wiki markup
 * reformat text
 * ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph

italics link normal again

What you type
can be applied in-line: arrow     &amp;rarr;

italics link normal again

What it looks like
&lt;pre>
 * interpret special characters
 * don't interpret special wiki markup
 * don't reformat text (no wrapping)
 * allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
 * uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

arrow     &rarr;

italics link

What you type
&lt;pre>arrow     &amp;rarr;

italics link&lt;/pre>

What it looks like
leading space
 * interpret special characters
 * interpret special wiki markup
 * don't reformat text (no wrapping)
 * produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
 * a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow     &rarr;

italics link

IF a line of plain text starts with a space it will be formatted exactly as typed in a font in a grey dotted-outline box lines won't wrap ENDIF this is useful for: * pasting preformatted text; * algorithm descriptions; * program source code * ASCII art; * chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide, you force the whole page to be wide and hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces.

(see also below) | arrow     &amp;rarr;

italics link

IF a line of plain text starts with a space it will be formatted exactly as typed in a fixed-width font in a grey dotted-outline box lines won't wrap ENDIF this is useful for: * pasting preformatted text * algorithm descriptions * program source code * ASCII art * chemical structures * poetry

What it looks like
typewriter font

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

arrow     &rarr;

italics link

New paragraph.

What you type
arrow     &amp;rarr;</tt>

<tt>italics</tt> <tt>link

New paragraph.</tt>

What it looks like

 * Show special character codes:

&amp;rarr;

What you type
&amp;amp;rarr;

What it looks like
The text between here
 * Comments

and here won't be displayed

What you type
The text between here

and here won't be displayed

What it looks like
Umlauts and accents: (See Help:Special characters)

À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü ß à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ñ ò ó ô œ õ ö ø ù ú û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;

&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;

&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;

&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;

&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;

&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;

&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;

&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;

&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;

&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;

What you type
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü ß à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ñ ò ó ô œ õ ö ø ù ú û ü ÿ

&amp;Agrave; &amp;Aacute; &amp;Acirc; &amp;Atilde; &amp;Auml; &amp;Aring; &amp;AElig; &amp;Ccedil; &amp;Egrave; &amp;Eacute; &amp;Ecirc; &amp;Euml; &amp;Igrave; &amp;Iacute; &amp;Icirc; &amp;Iuml; &amp;Ntilde; &amp;Ograve; &amp;Oacute; &amp;Ocirc; &amp;Otilde; &amp;Ouml; &amp;Oslash; &amp;Ugrave; &amp;Uacute; &amp;Ucirc; &amp;Uuml; &amp;szlig; &amp;agrave; &amp;aacute; &amp;acirc; &amp;atilde; &amp;auml; &amp;aring; &amp;aelig; &amp;ccedil; &amp;egrave; &amp;eacute; &amp;ecirc; &amp;euml; &amp;igrave; &amp;iacute; &amp;icirc; &amp;iuml; &amp;ntilde; &amp;ograve; &amp;oacute; &amp;ocirc; &amp;oelig; &amp;otilde; &amp;ouml; &amp;oslash; &amp;ugrave; &amp;uacute; &amp;ucirc; &amp;uuml; &amp;yuml;

What it looks like
Punctuation:

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ † ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;

&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - – &mdash;

What you type
¿ ¡ « » § ¶ † ‡ • - – —

&amp;iquest; &amp;iexcl; &amp;laquo; &amp;raquo; &amp;sect; &amp;para; &amp;dagger; &amp;Dagger; &amp;bull; - &amp;ndash; &amp;mdash;

What it looks like
Commercial symbols:

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;

What you type
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&amp;trade; &amp;copy; &amp;reg; &amp;cent; &amp;euro; &amp;yen; &amp;pound; &amp;curren;

What it looks like

 * Greek characters:

α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;

&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;

&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;

&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;

&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;

&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;

α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&amp;alpha; &amp;beta; &amp;gamma; &amp;delta; &amp;epsilon; &amp;zeta; &amp;eta; &amp;theta; &amp;iota; &amp;kappa; &amp;lambda; &amp;mu; &amp;nu; &amp;xi; &amp;omicron; &amp;pi; &amp;rho; &amp;sigma; &amp;sigmaf; &amp;tau; &amp;upsilon; &amp;phi; &amp;chi; &amp;psi; &amp;omega; &amp;Gamma; &amp;Delta; &amp;Theta; &amp;Lambda; &amp;Xi; &amp;Pi; &amp;Sigma; &amp;Phi; &amp;Psi; &amp;Omega;

What it looks like
Math characters:

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ × · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø ∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;

&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;

&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;

&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;

&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;

&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;

&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;

What you type
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ × · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø ∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑

&amp;int; &amp;sum; &amp;prod; &amp;radic; &amp;minus; &amp;plusmn; &amp;infin; &amp;asymp; &amp;prop; &amp;equiv; &amp;ne; &amp;le; &amp;ge; &amp;times; &amp;middot; &amp;divide; &amp;part; &amp;prime; &amp;Prime; &amp;nabla; &amp;permil; &amp;deg; &amp;there4; &amp;oslash; &amp;isin; &amp;cap; &amp;cup; &amp;sub; &amp;sup; &amp;sube; &amp;supe; &amp;not; &amp;and; &amp;or; &amp;exist; &amp;forall; &amp;rArr; &amp;hArr; &amp;rarr; &amp;harr; &amp;uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&amp;alefsym; &amp;notin;

About this page
This page was generated from the pages: Help:Editing and Help:Advanced_editing

Tables were removed using this code:

", "|}"),        ("