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Henri Fontaine is French roman catholic missionary, born in 1924 in Normandy (France). He is also pre-Tertiary geologist/paleontologist, and Paleozoic corals specialist.

Contents [hide] 1 Biography 1.1 1954-1975[2] 1.2 1976-1977[2] 1.3 1978-2013[2] 1.4 2014 -

2 Bibliography[9] 3 References 4 External link

Biography[edit]

Admitted in the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris and ordained in 1948, he was sent to Hanoi (Vietnam) in 1951[1] as professor at the Petit Séminaire. Meantime, he plunged into the study of Devonian corals of the Indochina and Yunnan. In 1954 Viet Nam was divided into the North and the South, he settled at Saigon.

1954-1975[2][edit]

When he arrived into Saigon, in geology, there was neither geological survey nor geologists. Upon the request of the Government of South Viet Nam, he set up and oversaw the new Geological Survey, and carried out research into limestone and coal for developing cement factory and coal mine, pure silica sands for glassworks, mineral springs for drinking and medicinal waters.

He released the only annual geological publication “Archives géologiques du Viet Nam” of which the first number came out in 1952 at Hanoi under the direction of Edmond Saurin[3] who was the last chief of Geological Survey of Indochina. From then on to 1975, this publication went through 16 new editions under his responsibility.

Early 1960, after getting Doctorat ès Sciences (PhD) at the University of Paris (Sorbonne, France), he was appointed official expert-geologist to the Geological Survey of the Republic of Viet Nam, dependent himself on the Department of Cultural and Technical Cooperation (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France) from then on to 1976.

He founded the Department of Geology of the University of Huê (ancient imperial capital) and supported post-graduate students at the Faculty of Sciences of Saigon.

His research allowed to improve the geological maps 1/2 000 000 of the former Indochina[4], the geological understanding of coastal areas, islands of the Gulf of Thailand, early Quaternary alluvial formations in the northwest of Saigon… He also contributed to develop pilot studies in order to build up dams on different rivers (La Nga, Dông Nai…), to explore heavy minerals in dunes of sand along eastern coast and bauxite on basaltic plateaus.

On fieldworks, he unearthed many prehistorical sites (Ngai Thang, Phuoc Tan, Hoi An…) and archeological sites (Dau Giay, Phu Hoa, Phan Thiet)[5] which belong to the Sa Huynh Culture [6].

End 1975, a few months after the establishment of the communist regime over the South, unwillingly he returned in France.

1976-1977[2][edit]

He joined the Catholic Institute of Paris and continued his research.

1978-2013[2][edit]

Late 1978, he was appointed official cooperating expert to the CCOP (Coordinating Committee for Coastal and Offshore Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia)[7] which is based at Bangkok( Thailand) and supported until 1991 by the United Nations and sponsored thereafter by the member countries and the cooperating countries. From 1973 onwards, the CCOP has conducted a research project entitled “Pre-Tertiary Petroleum Potentials in the CCOP Region” with the support of the French Government which appointed his experts on pre-Tertiary geology and palaeontology to the CCOP [8]. So, Father Fontaine succeeded Mr André Bonnet [8], other French geologist, and spent many months each year in Asia.

Following predetermined programs, he realized several missions on the field, accompanied by the geologists of the member countries of the CCOP (Cambodia, China, Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand). Many thousands of samples were collected, from which thin sections were prepared at beginning in France (at National Museum of Natural History (France) and thereafter in Thailand. They were studied in France with the cooperation of his French colleagues. He wrote almost his publications.

His works provided many new data on stratigraphy, palaeontology and paleogeography in the Southeast Asia. Carboniferous rocks were identified for the first time in different localities in east, northeast, northwest and central Thailand, in a handful of sites in Malaysia, and Indonesia (Sumatra). The study of Permian was extended with more detail in these countries and in Philippines. Regarding Triassic, it was identified instead of Permian at many localities of Thailand and Malaysia. The presence of marine Jurassic in the west of Thailand which had been almost unknown was demonstrated by the discovery of fossils.

Reaching the age limit in the 80s, he undertook fieldworks as volunteer[2] with the support from the national Geological Surveys and geologists of the countries of the Southeast Asia, while being on good terms with the CCOP.

In 2013 at the dawn of his 90, he performed his last fieldwork in the area of Chum Phae and Lom Sak (about 340 km northern Bangkok) with Thai geologists.

2014 -[edit]

Slowing down his rhythm, he pursues his research and takes pleasure in analysing his long list of publications (about 300 papers) [9] which were sent out into many technical or scientific bulletins in Asia.

His international scientific career, exceptionally long (almost 60 years), was possible only thanks to effective and long lasting cooperation and to good terms between geologists in spite of their difference of language, age and religious inspiration.

Bibliography[9][edit] 1971 - Viet Nam-Kampuchia-Lao, carte géologique = Geological map = Ban do dia chat (Reviewed and completed by H. Fontaine), Insets: Quan Dao Hoang Sa (Paracel) - Quan Dao Truong Sa (Spratly), scale 1:2,000,000, 99x69 cm, 3rd ed. Nat. Geogr. Directorate VN. Dalat (Viet Nam).

http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/46282704 1973 - (and G. Délibrias) - Ancient marine levels of the Quaternary in Viet Nam. Journ. Hong Kong Archeol. Soc., 4: 29-33. Hong Kong. (Translation: W. Meacham).

http://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/6535d7b21578a177074b4bde0136d17f.pdf 1980 - Edmond Saurin (1904-1977), Asian Perspectives, 23 (1): 1-8, Honolulu.

http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/16886/AP-v23n1-obit.pdf?sequence=1 1980 - On the extent of the Sa Huynh Culture in continental Southeast Asia. Asian Perspectives, 23(1): 67-69. Honolulu.

http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/16891/AP-v23n1-67-69.pdf?sequence=1 1980 - (and J.H.C.S. Davidson) – The archaeological site of Hoa Vkinh near Phan Thiet, Central Viet Nam. Asian Perspectives, 23 (1) : 71-98, Honolulu.

http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/16892/AP-v23n1-71-98.pdf?sequence=1 1982 - (and R. Ingavat and D. Vachard) - Carboniferous corals from Northeast Thailand. Bull. Geol. Soc. Malaysia, 15: 47-56, 2 pl. Kuala Lumpur.

http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-101187-PDF.pdf 1984 - (and D.T.Nguyen, D. Vachard, C. Vozenin-Serra). The Permian of Southeast Asia. CCOP Conf. Proc. Ed., 338p. Bangdung (Indonesia).

http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/21249670 1988 - (and C. Poumot) - The age of anthracite in Thailand. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 2 (1): 41-42. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0743954788900207 1988 - The first conference on the geology of Indochina: Ho Chi Minh City, 5–7 December 1986. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 2 (1): 43. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0743954788900219 1988 - (and M. Lys and Nguyen D. T.) - Some Permian corals from east Peninsular Malaysia: associated microfossils, palaeogeographic significance. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 2 (2): 65-78, 7 pl. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0743954788900104 1988 - (and Khoo H. P. and D. Vachard) - Discovery of Triassic fossils at Bukit Chuping, in Gunung Sinyum area and at Kota Jin, Peninsular Malaysia. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 2 (3-4): 145-162, 5 pl. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0743954788900268 1989 - (and S. Gafoer) - The pre-Tertiary fossils of Sumatra and their environments. 22nd Session, CCOP Conf. Proc. Ed.: 356 p. Bangkok.

http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/7047624 1990 - (and Daud Rodziah and Updesh Singh) - Discovery of Upper Triassic basement in the Malay Basin, offshore Peninsular Malaysia: regional implications. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 4 (3): 219-232, 3 pl, Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/07439547/4/3 1990 - (and L. Beauvais, M. Caridroit, C. Chonglakmani, P. David, E. Espiritu, S. Gafoer, Y. Jongkanjanasoontorn, H. P. Khoo, S. Lovachalasupaporn, B. Mistiaen, D.T. Nguyen, C. Poumot, B. Sektheera, B. Songsirikul, Suharsono, V. Suteethorn, W. Tantiwanit, V. Tansuwan, D.T. Tong and D. Vachard ) - Ten Years of CCOP research on the pre-Tertiary of East Asia. CCOP Techn. Publ., 20: 375 p.. Bangkok.

http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/27183981 1993 - (and C. Chonglakmani, S. Piyasin, Ibrahim B. A. and Khoo H. P.) - Triassic limestones within and around the Gulf of Thailand. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 8 (1-4): 83-95, 4 pl. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/074395479390010M 1994 - (and C. Chonglakmani, Ibrahim B. A. and S. Piyasin) - A well-defined Permian biogeographic unit: Peninsular Thailand and northwest Peninsular Malaysia. Journ. Southeast Asian Earth Sc., 9 (1-2): 129-151, 6 pl. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/074395479490071X 1994 - (and N. Sattayarak and V. Suteethorn) - Permian corals of Thailand. CCOP Technical Bull., 24, 171 p. including 31 pl.. Chishitsu Chōsajo (Japan).

http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/25237481 1994 - (and D. R. Workman) - Indochina: Regional review. Summary of the geology of Viet Nam. In: Encyclopedia of Earth Science by R. N. Fairbridge, vol. 8, the encyclopedia of world regional geology, part 1 John Wiley and sons, New York.

http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F1-4020-4495-X_48# 1995 - (and Ibrahim B. A.) – Biostratigraphy of the Kinta Valley, Perak. Geol. Soc. Malaysia Bull., 38: 159-172, 4 pl.

http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-100916-PDF.pdf 1995 - (and V. Suteethorn and D. Vachard) - The Carboniferous of northeast Thailand: a review with new data. Journ. SE Asian Earth Sci., 12 (1-2): 1-17, pl. 1-2. Oxford.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0743954795000275 1999 - (and Ibrahim B. A. and D. Vachard) – Important discovery of late Early Permian limestone in southern Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. GEOSEA’1998 Proceedings, Bull. Geol. Soc. Malaysia Bull., 43: 455 – 460.

http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-100795-PDF.pdf 1999 - (and S. Salyapongse and D. Vachard) – The Carboniferous of East Thailand – new information from microfossils. GEOSEA’1998 Proceedings, Bull. Geol. Soc. Malaysia, Bull., 43: 461 – 465.

http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-100794-PDF.pdf 1999 - (and Bunopas S., J. T. Wasson, P. Vella, H. Fontaine, S. Hada, C. Burrett, T. Supajunya and S. Khositanont) - The Early Quaternary global terrestrial impact of a whole comet in the Australasian tektite field, newest apparent evidences and discoveries from Thailand and East Asia. GEOSEA’1998 Proceedings, Geol. Soc. Malaysia Bull., 43: 555 – 575.

http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-100784-PDF.pdf 2000 - (and S. Salayapongse, V. Suteenthorn, D. Vachard) –Widespread occurrence of Triassic Limestones Northwest of Uthai Thani in West Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Society, 48: 7 – 19, 13 fig.. Bangkok.

http://www.siamese-heritage.org/nhbsspdf/vol041-050/NHBSS_048_1h_Fontaine_WidespreadOccurr.pdf 2002 - Permian of Southeast Asia: an overview. Journ. Asian Earth Sci., 20 (6): 567 – 588.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367912001000761 2003 - (and S. Salayapongse, V. Suteenthorn) - Glimpses into Fossil Assemblages of Thailand: Coral Perspectives. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Society, 51(1): 37 – 67, 9 fig.. Bangkok.

http://www.siamese-heritage.org/nhbsspdf/vol051-060/NHBSS_051_1h_Fontaine_GlimpsesIntoFoss.pdf 2005 - (and S. Salayapongse, V. Suteenthorn) - Fossil Biodiversity in the Limestones of Thailand: A Cornucopia of Information about the History of Life. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Society, 53(1): 33 – 70, 11 fig.. Bangkok.

http://www.siamese-heritage.org/nhbsspdf/vol051-060/NHBSS_053_1h_Fontaine_FossilBiodiversi.pdf 2007 - (and V. Suteenthorn) - Carboniferous Corals of Pang Mapha District, Northwest Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Society, 53(1): 199-221, 13 fig.. Bangkok.

http://www.siamese-heritage.org/nhbsspdf/vol051-060/NHBSS_055_2e_Fontaine_CarboniferousCor.pdf 2012 - (and S. Kavinate, T. T. Hoang, and D. Vachard) - Permian Limestone of Peninsular and Western Thailand in Khao Yoi, Chaam and Thong Pha Phum Areas. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Society, 58: 39-47, 6 fig.. Bangkok.

http://www.siamese-heritage.org/nhbsspdf/vol051-060/NHBSS_058_1k_Fontaine_PermianLimestone.pdf 2013 - (T. T. Hoang, S. Kavinate, V. Suteethorn and D. Vachard) - Upper Permian (Late Changhsingian) marine strata in Nan Province, northern Thailand. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 76: 115-119.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367912013000308

References[edit]

1.Jump up ^ Moussay, Gérard et al. (2008). Bibliographie des Missions Etrangères_Civilisations, Religions et Langues de l'Asie (in French). Paris: Les Indes savantes. p. 513. ISBN 978-2-84654-179-4. 2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Interviews between 2013 and 2015 3.Jump up ^ Fontaine, Henri (1980). "Edmond Saurin (1904-1977)" (PDF). Asian Perspectives 23 (1): 1–8. 4.Jump up ^ Fontaine, Henri (1971). Viet Nam-Kampuchia-Laos, carte géologique = Ban do dia chat (Reviewed and completed by H. Fontaine), Insets: Quan Dao Hoang Sa (Paracel)-Quan dao Truong Sa (Spratly), scale 1:2,000,000, 99x69 cm (3rd ed.). Dalat (Viet Nam): National Geographic Directorate Viet Nam. 5.Jump up ^ Fontaine, Henri; Davidson, J.H.C.S. (1980). "The archaeological site of Hoa Vinh near Phan Thiet, Central Viet Nam" (PDF). Asian Perspectives (Honolulu) 23 (1): 71–98. 6.Jump up ^ Fontaine, Henri (1980). "On the extent of the Sa Huynh Culture in continental Southeast Asia" (PDF). Asian Perspectives (Honolulu) 23 (1): 67–69. 7.Jump up ^ [http:/www.ccop.or.th "Coordinating Comittee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia"]. www.ccop.or.th. Retrieved 2015-04-21. 8.^ Jump up to: a b Fontaine, Henri (1990). Ten years of CCOP Research on the pre-Tertiary of East Asia. CCOP Technical Publications (20), 375p.. Bangkok. 9.^ Jump up to: a b Fontaine, Henri. Publications of Henri Fontaine 1954-2013. This document is not yet published.

External link[edit] Asian Perspectives Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia Geological Survey of Malaysia Missions étrangères de Paris Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society National Library of Australia