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The Second Battle of Newtonia was fought on October 28, 1864, near Newtonia, Missouri, between cavalry of the Union Army and that of the rear guard of the Confederate Army of Missouri. In September 1864, the Confederates launched Price's Raid, an attempt to create a popular uprising against Union control of Missouri. After being defeated on October 23, followed by three defeats on October 25, the Confederates halted to rest near Newtonia. On the afternoon of the 28th, Union pursuers caught up and drove back Confederate skirmishers. The main Confederate army withdrew, leaving a rear guard. Shelby initially had a numerical advantage, and used it to outflank Blunt's shorter line. With his men low on ammunition, Blunt was considering a retreat shortly before sundown when reinforcements arrived in the form of Brigadier General John B. Sanborn and his brigade. Sanborn formed on Blunt's left, and the Union troops counterattacked. Shelby ordered a retreat, and the Union troops did not begin to pursue until October 30. While both sides initially claimed victory, modern historians credit the Union with a victory at Newtonia. Estimates of casualties suffered during the battle range greatly.