User:Hongtul/History of radio

Karl Ferdinand Braun
One of the important contributors to the development of radio is Karl Ferdinand Braun. Together with Marconi, Braun shared his discovery of wireless radio. This achievement helped Braun and Marconi to obtain their success with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909.

Nikola Tesla
Nikola Tesla accomplished many inventions in his life such as the induction motors and the discovery of high-frequency currents which lead to his experiments in radio technology. In 1897, three years after his speech "On light and other high-frequency phenomena", Tesla got two patents for his radio technology with allow the signal to travel "more than 40km" One year later, in 1898, Tesla successfully generates his experiment with long-distance radio. In this experiment, he controlled a boat that was a few kilometers away on the sea.

Nobel Prize
In 1909, Marconi and Karl Ferdinand Braun were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for "contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy".

Wireless Ship Act of 1910
Radio technology was first used for ships to communicate at sea. To ensure safety, the Wireless Ship Act of 1910 marks the first time the U.S. government implies regulations on radio systems on ships. This act requires ships to have a radio system with a professional operator if they want to travel more than 200 miles offshore or have more than 50 people on board. However, this act had many flaws including the competition of radio operators including the two majors company (British and American Marconi). They tended to delay communication for ships that used their competitor's system. This yields the tragic incident of the sink of the Titanic in 1912.

Radio Act of 1912
In 1912, the sinking of the Titanic due to delayed emergency signals. This happened due to many uncontrolled waves from different radio stations that interfered with the emergency signal from the ship. After this tragedy, the government passed on the Radio Act of 1912 to prevent the story to repeat itself in the future. In this act, the state took control of the waves spectrum, separating between a regular signal versus emergency signals from ships.

The Radio Act of 1927
The Radio Act of 1927 gave the Federal Radio Commission the power to grant and deny licenses, and to assign frequencies and power levels for each licensee. In 1928 it began requiring licenses of existing stations and setting controls on who could broadcast from where on what frequency and at what power. Some stations could not obtain a license and ceased operations. In section 29, the Radio Act of 1927 mentioned that the content of the broadcast should be freely present, and the government cannot interfere with this.

The Communications Act of 1934
The introduction of The Communications Act of 1934 led to the establishment of the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC). The FCC's responsibility is to control the industry including "telephone, telegraph, and radio communications." Under this Act, all carriers have to keep records of authorized interference and unauthorized interference. This Act also supports the President in time of war. If the government needs to use the communication facilities in time of war, they are allowed to.

Radio Navigation
Radio navigation plays an important role during wartime, especially in World War II. Before the discovery of the crystal oscillator, radio navigation had many limits. However, as radio technology expanding, navigation is easier to use, and it provides a better position. Although there are many advantages, the radio navigation systems often come with complex equipment such as the radio compass receiver, compass indicator, or the radar plan position indicator. All of these require users to obtain certain knowledge.

Reference
Radio Timeline

https://transition.fcc.gov/omd/history/radio/documents/short_history.pdf

Karl Ferdinand Braun

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1909/braun/facts/

Radio Act 1912

https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1090/radio-act-of-1912

Radio Act 1927

https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1091/radio-act-of-1927

The Communications Act of 1934

https://it.ojp.gov/PrivacyLiberty/authorities/statutes/1288

Nikola Tesla

https://web.mit.edu/most/Public/Tesla1/etradict2.htm

Wireless ship act of 1910

https://mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1052/wireless-ship-act-of-1910

Radio Navigation

https://timeandnavigation.si.edu/navigating-air/challenges/overcoming-challenges/radio-navigation