User:Htafer/SCARNA16

Small Cajal body specific RNA 16 (also known as SCARNA16 or ACA47) is a small nucleolar RNA found in Cajal bodies and believed to be involved in the pseudouridylation (isomerisation of uridine to pseudouridine) of U1 spliceosomal RNA.

scaRNAs are a specific class of small nucleolar RNAs that localise to the Cajal bodies and guide the modification of RNA polymerase II transcribed spliceosomal RNAs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U12.

ACA47 belongs to the H/ACA box class of guide RNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure, the conserved H/ACA-box motifs and is found associated with GAR1. ACA47 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of residue U5 of the U1 spliceosomal snRNA.

This box H/ACA scaRNA shows a regular architecture. Still, with a length between 150 nt in T. gutatta and 188 nt in C. familiaris, it lies outside the typical size range for box H/ACA snoRNA. It was experimentally detected in human and chicken (GGN10). It was further reported to be present in tetrapods and teleosts. In Tetrapoda, it derives from a non-coding host gene designated C17orf86 located between MGAT5B and SEC14L1. In teleosts, on the other hand, SCARNA16 resides in an intron of the protein coding gene PDHA1.