User:Htetnaingoo9/International organization

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= International organization = An international organization (also known as an international institution or an intergovernmental organization) is a stable set of norms and rules meant to govern the behavior of states and other actors in the international system. Organizations may be established by a treaty or be an instrument governed by international law and possessing its own legal personality, such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization and NATO. International organizations are composed of primarily member states, but may also include other entities, such as other international organizations. Additionally, entities (including states) may hold observer status. Basically, the international organization can be classified into two types: intergovernmental organizations (IGO) and international non-governmental organizations (INGOs). The United Nations (UN) is an example of an intergovernmental organization, and the International Rescue Committee is an example of an international non-governmental organization.

Notable examples include the United Nations (UN), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Bank for International Settlements (BIS), Council of Europe (COE), International Labour Organization (ILO) and International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL).

Purpose[edit]
International organizations have the role of setting the global agenda, mediating political discussions, providing a forum for political initiatives, and catalyzing coalition building. They facilitate cooperation and coordination among member nations. In addition, they promote global initiatives aimed at reducing inequality, like the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 10. Different international organizations’ primary purposes can be varied based on their structures and interests. Most international organizations are formed for regional economic cooperation and humanitarian assistance for the people who live in worse conditions like living in conflict areas. Proselytism can be one of the purposes of international religious organizations. The main purpose of the current largest international organization, the UN, is to maintain global peace and promote international cooperation. NATO is one of the regional organizations, and its purpose is the North Atlantic region’s security. However, most international organizations might have the same goal: to make a better world.

Regional organizations[edit]
A few international organizations are universal organizations like sovereignty nations and other special organizations can be members of these international organizations. Some particular organizations have different restrictions on other nations' involvement in their organizations. In the regional organizations like the European Union, African Union, NATO, and ASEAN, all countries cannot be easily member states because of the restriction on political regimes, geography, and others. To enter the European Union (EU), the states require different criteria; member states need to be European, be a western-style liberal-democratic political system, and be a capitalist economy. Being a member of regional organizations positively impacts the country's structural reformation, like transforming into a democratic nation. The largest international organization, the United Nations (UN), also has some kinds of regional organizations, such as UNECE and UNECA. In bad situations like internal conflict or hitting natural disasters, the regional organizations are one of the leading actors to provide and manage the humanitarian assistance for the people who need urgent helps. Regional organizations are an important actor in combating the Covid 19 global pandemic, and then regional collaboration could be a benefit for all regional associations’ members.

The oldest regional organization is the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine, created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna.

United Nations Agencies and Related organizations
The United Nations focuses on five main areas: "maintaining peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, supporting sustainable development, and upholding international law" UN agencies, such as UN Relief and Works Agency, are generally regarded as international organizations in their own right. Additionally, the United Nations has Specialized Agencies, which are organizations within the United Nations System that have their member states (often nearly identical to the UN Member States) and are governed independently by them; examples include International Organizations that predate the UN, such as the International Telecommunication Union, and the Universal Postal Union, as well as organizations that were created after the UN such as the World Health Organization (which was made up of regional organizations such as PAHO that predated the UN. A few UN special agencies are very centralized in policy and decision-making, but some are decentralized; for example, the country-based projects or missions’ directors and managers can decide what they want to do in the fields. The UN agencies have a variety of tasks based on their specialization and their interests. The UN agencies provide different kinds of assistance to low-income countries and middle-income countries, and this assistance would be a good resource for developmental projects in developing countries. The UN has to protect any kind of human rights violation, and in the UN system, some special agencies, like ILO and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), work in the human rights field. The UN agency, ILO, is trying to end any kind of discrimination in the work field and child labor; after that, this agency promotes fundamental labor rights and to get safe and secure for the laborers. The UN related organization, the Work Bank, is one of the leading international organizations for the Covid-19 response. For developing nations, the world Bank provided finical support to purchase the Covid-19 prevention equipment, and then this agency planned to finance developing counties for accessing Covid-19 vaccines. UNICEF is also part of the UN organs, and this special agency is one important organization to combat the Covid-19 and “UNICEF obtains billions of doses of Covid-19 vaccines for children”. Its action could be a good way for the children who could not easily access the vaccines, and then helping to get covid vaccines for the children would be one of the effective ways to end this Covid-19 global pandemic.

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