User:Huzaifa Abubabkar/sandbox

The difference between concrete and mortar Concrete Concrete is a composite material composed of coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that hardens over time. Most concretes used are lime-based concretes such as Portland cement concrete or concretes made with other hydraulic cements, such as ciment fondu. However, asphalt concrete, which is frequently used for road surfaces, is also a type of concrete, where the cement material is bitumen, and polymer concretes are sometimes used where the cementing material is a polymer. When aggregate is mixed together with dry Portland cement and water, the mixture forms a fluid slurry that is easily poured and molded into shape. The cement reacts chemically with the water and other ingredients to form a hard matrix that binds the materials together into a durable stone-like material that has many uses.[2] Often, additives (such as pozzolans or superplasticizers) are included in the mixture to improve the physical properties of the wet mix or the finished material. Most concrete is poured with reinforcing materials (such as rebar) embedded to provide tensile strength, yielding reinforced concrete.

Famous concrete structures include the Hoover Dam, the Panama Canal, and the Roman Pantheon. The earliest large-scale users of concrete technology were the ancient Romans, and concrete was widely used in the Roman Empire. The Colosseum in Rome was built largely of concrete, and the concrete dome of the Pantheon is the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome.[3] Today, large concrete structures (for example, dams and multi-storey car parks) are usually made with reinforced concrete. After the Roman Empire collapsed, use of concrete became rare until the technology was redeveloped in the mid-18th century. Today, concrete is the most widely used man-made material (measured by tonnage).

Mortar Mortar is a workable paste used to bind building blocks such as stones, bricks, and concrete masonry units together, fill and seal the irregular gaps between them, and sometimes add decorative colors or patterns in masonry walls. In its broadest sense mortar includes pitch, asphalt, and soft mud or clay, such as used between mud bricks. Mortar comes from Latin mortarium meaning crushed. Cement mortar becomes hard when it cures, resulting in a rigid aggregate structure; however the mortar is intended to be weaker than the building blocks and the sacrificial element in the masonry, because the mortar is easier and less expensive to repair than the building blocks. Mortars are typically made from a mixture of sand, a binder, and water. The most common binder since the early 20th century is Portland cement but the ancient binder lime mortar is still used in some new construction. Lime and gypsum in the form of plaster of Paris are used particularly in the repair and repointing of buildings and structures because it is important the repair materials are similar to the original materials: The type and ratio of the repair mortar is determined by a mortar analysis. There are several types of cement mortars and additives. References 1.	 The Roman Pantheon: The Triumph of Concrete. Romanconcrete.com. Retrieved on 2013-02-19. 2.	Zongjin Li; Advanced concrete technology; 2011 3.	Moore, David (1999). "The Pantheon". romanconcrete.com. Retrieved 26 September 2011. 4.	"concretus". Latin Lookup. Retrieved 1 October 2012. 5.	"The History of Concrete". Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved 8 January 2013. 6.	 From The History of Concrete - InterNACHI http://www.nachi.org/history-of-concrete.htm#ixzz31V47Zuuj 7.	 "Ancient Bricks". Aurangzeb Khan. Retrieved 2013-02-16. 8.	"Introduction to Mortars" Cemex Corporation 9.	 "Egypt: Egypt's Ancient, Small, Southern, Step Pyramids". Touregypt.net. 2011-06-21. Retrieved 2012-11-03. 10.	 "HCIA - 2004". Hcia.gr. Retrieved 2012-11-03.