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Building Energy Disclosure and Benchmarking -

Building energy disclosure laws are regulations that require building owners to disclose information about a building's energy use to potential buyers, renters, or lenders. These laws are designed to promote energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by providing building owners and occupants with information about a building's energy performance. (Building Energy Disclosure - State and Local Policy Database - https://database.aceee.org/state/building-energy-disclosure)

Building energy disclosure laws vary by location, but in general, they require building owners to disclose information such as a building's energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy efficiency ratings. This information can be used by potential buyers, renters, or lenders to make informed decisions about a building's energy performance and to identify opportunities for energy savings.

There are several benefits to building energy disclosure laws. For building owners, these laws can provide incentives to invest in energy efficiency improvements, which can save money on energy bills and increase the value of the property. For potential buyers, renters, or lenders, these laws provide transparent and accurate information about a building's energy performance, which can help them make informed decisions. Building energy disclosure laws also have environmental benefits. By providing information about a building's energy use, these laws can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by encouraging building owners to invest in energy efficiency improvements. In addition, building energy disclosure laws can help promote the use of clean energy sources, such as renewable energy, which can further reduce greenhouse gas emissions. (Citing the Evidence – the Benefits of Building Energy Disclosure Policies - https://neep.org/blog/citing-evidence-benefits-building-energy-disclosure-policies)

Overall, building energy disclosure laws are an important tool for promoting energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By providing transparent and accurate information about a building's energy performance, these laws can help building owners, buyers, renters, and lenders make informed decisions about energy use and investment in energy efficiency. - Contents

Terminology History of Building Energy Disclosure Laws Building Energy Use Benchmarking Building Energy Scoring systems Energy Star Certification for Buildings Building Energy Related Things in LEED State and Local Building Energy Disclosure and Benchmarking Laws Boston’s BERDO NYC Local Law 84 California Energy Commission's Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance Washington D.C. Energy Benchmarking Philadelphia Energy Benchmarking Austin Energy and Water Conservation Ordinance, or EWC Criticisms See also References Sources External Links - Terminology

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- History of Building Energy Disclosure Laws

Environmental laws first started appearing in the US in the 1970s (with the energy crisis and all). (Wiki article - United States environmental law - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_environmental_law)

Building energy disclosure laws have a long history, with the first such laws appearing in the United States in the 1970s. (idk if this is true) These early laws were designed to promote energy conservation in buildings, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Over time, building energy disclosure laws have evolved and become more sophisticated, with many cities and states adopting their own laws and regulations.

The first building energy disclosure laws were enacted at the state level in the United States in the 1970s, in response to the energy crisis of that era. These laws typically required building owners to disclose information about a building's energy performance to the government, and to use energy-efficient technologies and practices. The goal of these laws was to promote energy conservation in buildings, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

In the 1980s and 1990s, building energy disclosure laws continued to evolve, with many states and cities adopting their own laws and regulations. These laws generally required building owners to disclose more detailed information about a building's energy performance, and to use more advanced energy-saving technologies and practices. Some of these laws also established building energy scoring systems, which provided a standardized way of evaluating and comparing the energy performance of different buildings.

Today, building energy disclosure laws are a common feature of the regulatory landscape in the United States. Many states and cities have their own laws and regulations, and these laws continue to evolve and become more sophisticated. Building energy disclosure laws are an important tool for promoting energy efficiency in buildings, and for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

- Building Energy Use Benchmarking

Building energy use benchmarking is the process of comparing a building's energy consumption to that of similar buildings, in order to identify potential energy savings. Building energy use benchmarking typically involves collecting data on a building's energy consumption and its physical characteristics, and using this information to calculate a building's energy performance. The goal of building energy use benchmarking is to provide building owners and tenants with information about a building's energy performance, and to encourage them to invest in energy efficiency improvements. (Building Energy Use Benchmarking - https://www.energy.gov/eere/slsc/building-energy-use-benchmarking)

Building energy use benchmarking is often used in conjunction with building energy disclosure laws. (a lot of the laws are actually energy benchmarking laws). These laws require building owners to disclose information about a building's energy performance to the government or other parties, and building energy use benchmarking provides a standardized way of evaluating and comparing the information disclosed by different buildings.

Building energy use benchmarking is also used in the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification program. LEED is a voluntary rating system for green buildings, and it uses benchmarking as one of the criteria for evaluating a building's energy performance.

Overall, building energy use benchmarking is an important tool for assessing the energy performance of buildings, and for encouraging building owners and tenants to invest in energy efficiency improvements. By providing information about a building's energy performance, building energy use benchmarking can help to promote the adoption of advanced energy-saving technologies and practices.

- Building Energy Scoring Systems

Building energy scoring systems are tools that are used to assess the energy performance of buildings. These systems typically use standardized metrics and methods to evaluate a building's energy consumption, and assign the building a score or rating based on its performance. The goal of building energy scoring systems is to provide building owners and tenants with information about a building's energy performance, and to encourage them to invest in energy efficiency improvements.

There are a number of different building energy scoring systems in use today. Some of these systems are developed and administered by governments, while others are developed by private organizations or industry groups. The specific methodology and metrics used by these systems can vary, but most of them assess a building's energy performance using a combination of data on its energy consumption and its physical characteristics.

Building energy scoring systems are often used in conjunction with building energy disclosure laws. These laws require building owners to disclose information about a building's energy performance to the government or other parties, and the scoring systems provide a standardized way of evaluating and comparing the information disclosed by different buildings.

Overall, building energy scoring systems are important tools for assessing the energy performance of buildings, and for encouraging building owners and tenants to invest in energy efficiency improvements. These systems provide valuable information about a building's energy performance, and can help to promote the adoption of advanced energy-saving technologies and practices.

-- Energy Star Certification for Buildings

ENERGY STAR certification is a program administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that recognizes buildings that are highly energy efficient. The ENERGY STAR program is voluntary, and buildings that earn the ENERGY STAR certification must meet certain criteria in terms of their energy performance.

To earn ENERGY STAR certification, a building must first be evaluated by a qualified professional using an approved energy performance rating system. The building must then meet certain performance criteria, which are based on its type, size, and location. For example, a building may need to score a certain number of points on the ENERGY STAR scorecard, or it may need to achieve a certain level of energy efficiency.

Once a building has earned ENERGY STAR certification, it can use the ENERGY STAR logo and other marketing materials to promote its energy performance. The ENERGY STAR program also provides tools and resources to help building owners and tenants continue to improve their energy performance over time.

Overall, ENERGY STAR certification is an important program that recognizes buildings that are highly energy efficient. By providing a way to evaluate and compare the energy performance of different buildings, ENERGY STAR helps to promote the adoption of advanced energy-saving technologies and practices.

Also BERDO makes you report stuff through Energy Star Portfolio Manager

-- Building Energy Related Things in LEED

The LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) rating system is a voluntary program for evaluating the sustainability of buildings. The program was developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), and it is used to assess a building's performance in a number of areas, including energy efficiency.

In the LEED rating system, buildings are evaluated based on a number of different categories, including energy performance. To earn points in the energy category, a building must meet certain criteria, such as having an energy-efficient heating and cooling system, using renewable energy sources, or achieving a certain level of energy performance.

The LEED rating system also includes a number of specific credits related to building energy. For example, the Optimize Energy Performance credit recognizes buildings that achieve a high level of energy efficiency, while the On-Site Renewable Energy credit recognizes buildings that generate their own renewable energy.

Overall, the LEED rating system includes a number of different credits and categories that are related to building energy. By recognizing buildings that are highly energy efficient, the LEED rating system helps to promote the adoption of advanced energy-saving technologies and practices.

LEED uses energy star portfolio for some energy efficiency calcs LEED’s energy & atmosphere group of credits LEED O&M - LEED Operation Management - maybe they have something about energy disclosure

https://www.usgbc.org/ - State and Local Building Energy Disclosure and Benchmarking Laws

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(Building Energy Disclosure - State and Local Policy Database - https://database.aceee.org/state/building-energy-disclosure)

-- Boston’s BERDO

Boston's Building Emissions Reduction and Disclosure Ordinance (BERDO) is a regulation that requires building owners in Boston to disclose information about a building's energy and water use to the city. The ordinance, which was enacted in 2019, is part of the city's efforts to promote energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. (https://www.boston.gov/departments/environment/building-emissions-reduction-and-disclosure)

Under the BERDO, building owners are required to submit annual reports to the city that include information such as a building's energy and water consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy efficiency ratings. This information is used by the city to create a public database that allows building owners, tenants, and other stakeholders to compare a building's energy performance to similar buildings in the area.

BERDO applies to a wide range of buildings in Boston, including commercial, residential, and government buildings. The ordinance applies to buildings over 50,000 square feet, and to smaller buildings that are part of a larger multi-building complex. Building owners who fail to comply with the ordinance may be subject to fines and other penalties.

Boston's BERDO has been successful in promoting energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The ordinance has led to a reduction in energy and water use in buildings, and has also resulted in increased investment in energy efficiency improvements. In addition, the public database created by the ordinance has helped building owners, tenants, and other stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy use and investment in energy efficiency.

-- New York City Local Law 84

New York City Local Law 84, also known as the Benchmarking Law, is a regulation that requires building owners in New York City to disclose information about a building's energy and water use to the City. The law was enacted in 2009 as part of the city's efforts to promote energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Under New York City Local Law 84, building owners are required to submit annual reports to the City that include information such as a building's energy and water consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy efficiency ratings. This information is used by the City to create a public database that allows building owners, tenants, and other stakeholders to compare a building's energy performance to similar buildings in the area.

New York City Local Law 84 applies to a wide range of buildings, including commercial, residential, and government buildings. The law applies to buildings over 50,000 square feet, and to smaller buildings that are part of a larger multi-building complex. Building owners who fail to comply with the law may be subject to fines and other penalties. In 2016, Local Law 133 expanded upon this by covering all NYC buildings larger than 25,000 square feet.

New York City Local Law 84 has been successful in promoting energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The law has led to a reduction in energy and water use in buildings, and has also resulted in increased investment in energy efficiency improvements. In addition, the public database created by the law has helped building owners, tenants, and other stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy use and investment in energy efficiency.

https://www.nyc.gov/site/buildings/codes/benchmarking.page

-- California Energy Commission's Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards

The California Energy Commission's Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards are regulations that require buildings in California to meet certain energy efficiency standards. These standards, which were first enacted in 1978, are updated every three years to reflect the latest developments in building energy efficiency technology and practices.

Under the Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, buildings in California are required to meet certain minimum energy performance standards for heating, cooling, lighting, and other building systems. These standards are based on the California Climate Zone in which the building is located, and they are designed to ensure that buildings in the state are as energy-efficient as possible.

The Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards apply to a wide range of buildings in California, including commercial, residential, and government buildings. The standards apply to new construction, as well as to renovations and retrofits of existing buildings. Building owners who fail to comply with the standards may be subject to fines and other penalties.

The Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards have been successful in promoting energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in California. These standards have led to a reduction in energy consumption in buildings, and have also resulted in increased investment in energy efficiency improvements. In addition, the standards have helped to promote the use of renewable energy sources in the state.

https://www.energy.ca.gov/programs-and-topics/programs/building-energy-efficiency-standards -- Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance

The Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance is a law that was passed by the city of Chicago in 2013. The law requires building owners in Chicago to disclose information about a building's energy and water use to the city on an annual basis. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is a measure of the building's energy efficiency.

The Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance applies to a wide range of buildings in the city, including residential, commercial, and institutional buildings. The law requires building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, as well as its physical characteristics, such as its size and type of heating and cooling systems. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is then published on the city's website.

The goal of the Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance is to promote energy efficiency in buildings and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a way for building owners and tenants to compare the performance of different buildings, and to identify potential energy savings. The law also encourages building owners to invest in energy efficiency improvements, and to adopt advanced technologies and practices.

Overall, the Chicago Energy Benchmarking Ordinance is an important law that promotes energy efficiency in buildings and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the city of Chicago. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a valuable tool for building owners and tenants to assess and improve a building's energy performance.

https://www.chicago.gov/city/en/progs/env/building-energy-benchmarking---transparency.html

-- Washington DC’s Energy Benchmarking

The Washington D.C. Building Energy Benchmarking law is a law that was passed by the city of Washington D.C. in 2013. The law requires building owners in Washington D.C. to disclose information about a building's energy and water use to the city on an annual basis. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is a measure of the building's energy efficiency.

The Washington D.C. Building Energy Benchmarking law applies to a wide range of buildings in the city, including residential, commercial, and institutional buildings. The law requires building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, as well as its physical characteristics, such as its size and type of heating and cooling systems. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is then published on the city's website.

The goal of the Washington D.C. Building Energy Benchmarking law is to promote energy efficiency in buildings and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a way for building owners and tenants to compare the performance of different buildings, and to identify potential energy savings. The law also encourages building owners to invest in energy efficiency improvements, and to adopt advanced technologies and practices.

Overall, the Washington D.C. Building Energy Benchmarking law is an important law that promotes energy efficiency in buildings and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the city of Washington D.C. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a valuable tool for building owners and tenants to assess and improve a building's energy performance.

https://buildingperformancedc.org/#dc/2021?layer=energy_star_score&sort=energy_star_score&order=desc&lat=38.889931&lng=-77.009003&zoom=12 https://doee.dc.gov/node/7862 Clean and Affordable Energy Act of 2008 - https://doee.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/ddoe/publication/attachments/CAEA_of_2008_B17-0492.pdf Clean Energy DC Omnibus Act of 2018 -

-- Philadelphia Energy Benchmarking

The Philadelphia Building Energy Benchmarking law is a law that was passed by the city of Philadelphia in 2012. The law requires building owners in Philadelphia to disclose information about a building's energy and water use to the city on an annual basis. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is a measure of the building's energy efficiency.

The Philadelphia Building Energy Benchmarking law applies to a wide range of buildings in the city, including residential, commercial, and institutional buildings. The law requires building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, as well as its physical characteristics, such as its size and type of heating and cooling systems. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is then published on the city's website.

The goal of the Philadelphia Building Energy Benchmarking law is to promote energy efficiency in buildings and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a way for building owners and tenants to compare the performance of different buildings, and to identify potential energy savings. The law also encourages building owners to invest in energy efficiency improvements, and to adopt advanced technologies and practices.

Overall, the Philadelphia Building Energy Benchmarking law is an important law that promotes energy efficiency in buildings and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the city of Philadelphia. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a valuable tool for building owners and tenants to assess and improve a building's energy performance.

https://www.phillybuildingbenchmarking.com/ https://www.phila.gov/departments/office-of-sustainability/programs/energy-benchmarking/

-- Austin’s Energy Conservation Audit and Disclosure Ordinance

The Austin Energy Conservation Audit and Disclosure Ordinance is a law that was passed by the city of Austin, Texas in 2013. The law requires building owners in Austin to disclose information about a building's energy and water use to the city on an annual basis. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is a measure of the building's energy efficiency.

The Austin Energy Conservation Audit and Disclosure Ordinance applies to a wide range of buildings in the city, including residential, commercial, and institutional buildings. The law requires building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, as well as its physical characteristics, such as its size and type of heating and cooling systems. The information disclosed under the law is used to calculate a building's Energy Star score, which is then published on the city's website.

The goal of the Austin Energy Conservation Audit and Disclosure Ordinance is to promote energy efficiency in buildings and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a way for building owners and tenants to compare the performance of different buildings, and to identify potential energy savings. The law also encourages building owners to invest in energy efficiency improvements, and to adopt advanced technologies and practices.

Overall, the Austin Energy Conservation Audit and Disclosure Ordinance is an important law that promotes energy efficiency in buildings and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the city of Austin. By requiring building owners to disclose information about a building's energy and water use, the law provides a valuable tool for building owners and tenants to assess and improve a building's energy performance.

(the AI originally told me about Austin Energy and Water Conservation Ordinance, or EWC… idk what that is) https://austinenergy.com/energy-efficiency/ecad-ordinance/energy-conservation-audit-and-disclosure-ordinance

- Criticisms

Building energy disclosure laws have been subject to criticism from some quarters. These criticisms generally fall into two main categories: concerns about the effectiveness of the laws, and concerns about the burden that they place on building owners.

One criticism of building energy disclosure laws is that they are not effective in promoting energy efficiency. Some critics argue that the information disclosed under these laws is not always accurate or reliable, and that it is not always used in a way that leads to energy efficiency improvements. For example, the information may not be easily accessible or understandable to building owners or tenants, or it may not be used to compare buildings or to identify potential energy savings.

Another criticism of building energy disclosure laws is that they place a burden on building owners, without providing sufficient benefits in return. Critics argue that building owners are required to spend time and money to disclose information about their buildings, but that they do not always receive any clear benefits from doing so. For example, building owners may not be able to use the information disclosed under the laws to secure financing or other incentives, or to compete with other buildings.

Overall, while building energy disclosure laws have been successful in promoting energy efficiency in some cases, they have also been the subject of criticism for their effectiveness and the burden that they place on building owners.

Link for now: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421513008987 - See Also

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