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The fouling factors are usually calculated as average values for groups of three or more stages and are calculated based on knowledge of the measured temperatures and flow rates. Water formed deposits, commonly referred to as Scale, can be defined as crystalline growth of an adherent layer (barrier) of sparingly soluble salts that can readily precipitate on heat transfer surface in evaporative concentration operation. The rate of scale formation is a complicated function of many variables such as temperature, pH and concentration of salts. Fouling can reduce heat transfer process; reduce heat transfer efficiency by plugging the exchanger. In addition, fouling can increase specific energy consumption and operating costs and causes frequent shut down of the evaporator for cleaning