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The Role of the Shin-gun-bu (New Military Group)
The Rise of the Shin-gun-bu

While the collapse of the Yushin System came after the assassination of former president Park Jung Hee by the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA), the fall of a personal leader did not end military reign; instead the shin-gun-bu (often called the New Military Group) took the spot vacated by the former president. There were significant differences between Park's regime and the new regime, the most significant factor being that they played different roles as someone in the ruling position. Park's regime had positive impact on economic development and offered political stability for a nation that was just building; Chun Doo Hwan's regime on the other hand aimed to open up the political and economic system. As a result, hundreds of citizens were killed and eventually the regime lost it legitimacy.

Enforcing the Martial Law

On May 18th, the shin-gun-bu, or the New Military Group, proclaimed Martial Law Decree No. 10 which banned political activities, opened universities by force, and censored the media in the country. This lead to university students in Gwangju initiating an uprising known as the 5.18 movement. Students took up arms in the process but was crushed by armed forces and airborne troops sent by the shin-gun-bu in order to enforce the martial law. On May 21st, citizens of Gwagju joined the protest demonstration and drove the armed forces out of the city, only to have them return on May 27th which lead to a bloody suppression sometimes called "Sangmuchungjungjakjun". This event along with the 5.18 movement lead by the leaders brought negative sentiment towards the regime among students and citizens.