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Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Through Denitrification
The full mechanism for anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and methane oxidation was observed in situ in 2008, with the isolation of a methane-oxidizing bacterial strain found to oxidize methane independently. The process of oxidizing methane uses the excess electrons from methane oxidation to enable denitrification, and removes both nitrates and methane from the environment of the bacteria, which ranges from sediment to peat bogs to stratified water columns. This may contribute significantly to the global methane and nitrogen cycles, especially in light of the recent influx of both due to anthropogenic changes.


 * 1) Ettwig, Katharina F., Seigo Shima, Katinka T. Van De Pas‐Schoonen, Jörg Kahnt, Marnix H. Medema, Huub JM Op Den Camp, Mike SM Jetten, and Marc Strous. "Denitrifying bacteria anaerobically oxidize methane in the absence of Archaea." Environmental microbiology 10, no. 11 (2008): 3164-3173.
 * 2) Deutzmann, Joerg S., Peter Stief, Josephin Brandes, and Bernhard Schink. "Anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification is the dominant methane sink in a deep lake." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, no. 51 (2014): 18273-18278.
 * 3) Raghoebarsing, Ashna A., Arjan Pol, Katinka T. Van de Pas-Schoonen, Alfons JP Smolders, Katharina F. Ettwig, W. Irene C. Rijpstra, Stefan Schouten et al. "A microbial consortium couples anaerobic methane oxidation to denitrification." Nature 440, no. 7086 (2006): 918-921.