User:Ichthyovenator/Dynasty of E

The dynasty of E or the E dynasty, also known as Dynasty VIII of Babylon, was an ancient ruling dynasty of Babylonia. The dynasty, as designated by the ancient Babylonians themselves, encompasses a sequence of genealogically and ethnically unconnected rulers in the late Middle Babylonian period, from the early 10th century BC to the late 8th century BC, as well as some rebels and puppet rulers in the Neo-Assyrian period.

Designation and background
The designation of rulers as belonging to the dynasty of E (palê E in Akkadian) occurs only in the Babylonian King List A. Another king list that covers the 10th to 8th century BC, the Dynastic Chronicle, ascribes these rulers into separate, shorter dynasties, but it is poorly preserved with only fragmentary portions of the entries for the rulers of the 8th century BC remaining. The only discernible dynastic attributions are those of the consecutive kings Marduk-apla-usur ("dynasty of Chaldea"; palê Kaldi),' Eriba-Marduk ("dynasty of the Sealand", palê Tamti)' and Nabu-shuma-ishkun ("dynasty of Chaldea").

Because the entries of the individual kings are damaged in King List A as well, the lengths of the reigns of most of the kings are impossible to determine with certainty.

Because "E" likely refers to Babylon, most of the rulers are assumed to have been of Babylonian origin, unless other sources make clear that they had other ethnic backgrounds (there are a handful of kings attributed to the dynasty that are known to have been Chaldeans).

List of kings of the dynasty of E
{fix w. srces in the list}

Regnal dates follow Chen (2020) and Collon (1995). Ethnic, and genealogical affiliations, follow Beaulieu (2018), Chen (2020) and Fales (2014).


 * Nabu-mukin-apli ((r. undefined – undefined)c. 978–943 BC) – Babylonian.
 * Ninurta-kudurri-usur II ((r. undefined – undefined)c. 943 BC) – Babylonian, son of Nabu-mukin-apli.
 * Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina (uncertain reign) – Babylonian, son of Nabu-mukin-apli.
 * Shamash-mudammiq (uncertain reign) – Babylonian.
 * Nabu-shuma-ukin I (uncertain reign) – Babylonian.
 * Nabu-apla-iddina (uncertain reign, 33 years?) – Babylonian, son of Nabu-shuma-ukin I.
 * Marduk-zakir-shumi I (uncertain reign, 27 years?) – Babylonian, son of Nabu-apla-iddina.
 * Marduk-balassu-iqbi ((r. undefined – undefined)?–813 BC) – Babylonian, son of Marduk-zakir-shumi I.
 * Baba-aha-iddina ((r. undefined – undefined)812–? BC) – Babylonian.
 * Ninurta-apla-X (uncertain reign) – Babylonian.
 * Marduk-bel-zeri (uncertain reign) – Babylonian.
 * Marduk-apla-usur (uncertain reign) – Chaldean, uncertain tribe.
 * Eriba-Marduk (uncertain reign) – Chaldean, Bit-Yakin tribe.
 * Nabu-shuma-ishkun ((r. undefined – undefined)c. 760–748 BC) – Chaldean, Bit-Dakkuri tribe.
 * Nabonassar ((r. undefined – undefined)748–734 BC) – Babylonian.
 * Nabu-nadin-zeri ((r. undefined – undefined)734–732 BC) – Babylonian, son of Nabonassar.
 * Nabu-shuma-ukin II ((r. undefined – undefined)732 BC) – Babylonian.

Rebels and puppet rulers ascribed to the "dynasty of E" during the rule of the Neo-Assyrian Empire:


 * Bel-ibni ((r. undefined – undefined)703–700 BC) – Babylonian, Rab-bānî family. Assyrian puppet ruler.
 * Nergal-ushezib ((r. undefined – undefined)694–693 BC) – Babylonian, Gaḫal kin family. Rebel against Assyria.
 * Mushezib-Marduk ((r. undefined – undefined)693–689 BC) – Chaldean, Bit-Dakkuri tribe. Rebel against Assyria.

Web sources