User:ImSirLaserOwl/Persian

'''Considerations about the dialect of Alamut area from the northern dialects of Iran uptitle

Kinga Maciuszak
from the University of Krakow (Poland) Translated by Ahmad Sami (Gilani)

There are several dialect areas whose materials have not been recorded or their records are insignificant, such as the dialects of the mountainous region of Alborz from Azerbaijan to Khorasan. - G.L. Windfuhr (CLI, 1989, p. 295)

The desolate valley of Alamutuptitlein the Alborz mountain range, with a high altitude above the sea level, is famous due to its turbulent past. This valley fell into the hands of the Ismailis in 483 AH and became a separate government center that lasted for 166 years and remained in the midst of the Seljuk rule, until the Mongols destroyed that government in the middle of the 7th century. The name Alamut, the epitome of the power of the Ismailis, is usually associated with a strong and impregnable fortress where Hassan Sabah, the Sheikh of al-Jabal al-Hashashin, had his headquarters and planned "holy murders" that were carried out by his followers.


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Now, although there are large ruins, which the natives consider to be the remains of the seat of government of the "Old Mountain", the actual location of the fort is difficult to determine with certainty. Some researchers, such as W. Ivanov, believed that the fortress of Alamut and the present village of Gozer Khan were located nearby,up2 but today the name Alamut is applied to the whole of that area (the village).

Alamut valley includes Alamut and Rudbar villages, which are part of the Rudbar Alamut section of Qazvin city, the center of which is Moalem Kalaye. The valleys of Rudbar and Alamut are surrounded by the mountains on all sides, and the peaks of Siah Lan in the north and Qazvin mountains in the south overlook them.The section of the Alamut River includes six villages (1) Upper River (2) Lower River (Havank village) (3) Fashan (4) Aghaq (5) Four Districts and (6) End Jerud (its important districts are: Andaj, Dik, Kochnan, Vasang, Malakalayehup3).

The similarity of the dialects makes the relationship with the neighboring valleys easy. There are many differences in the details, because these dialects are intermediate forms between the languages ​​of the shores of the Caspian Sea and the colloquial Persian language of Tehran or Qazvin (Bazari), which not all residents of this area understood a hundred years ago.up4 The common native language of this region is Azeri Turkish. In all the villages of the Qazvin plain, the inhabitants are generally trilingual, that is, they speak the local dialect, market dialect, and Turkish. The name of each dialect is taken from the village where that dialect is spoken.

Determining the position of Almuti dialect in relation to other northwest dialects is a difficult task, as long as our knowledge about the quality of the general division of major dialect groups remains incomplete. Yar Shater's opinion is that the Al-Muti dialect is one of the five closely related northwest Iranian dialects that belong to the larger group known as Tati.up5 Tati is not the name of any particular dialect. This word is generally applied to the people of this region who speak Iranian languages. However, all of Tati's references to these dialects are general and vague.


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Yar Shater suggests that we call them Madi dialects, which in his opinion is a more correct name, because these dialects are apparently the survivors of the ancient Madi dialects of this region.up6 W. Ivanov claims that the Almuti dialect is an interesting form of linguistic exchange between the dialect groups of "the shores of the Caspian Sea" and "Central Iran". "There are apparently many material elements in the Guzerkhun dialect of Al-Muti, and this dialect is related to the language of Deh Tajrish (in the north of Tehran), which was described by Professor V. Zhukovski (Zhukovski 1922, pp. 395-432), and also to some dialects of the Semnani group, which are closely related to some of the common dialects in the neighboring areas of Isfahan and Kashan. On the other hand, the Al-Muti dialect has taken the rules related to addition, passive, passive or possessive forms of the pronoun and its exception from the dialects of the "Coast of the Caspian Sea" and mostly from Mazandarani."up7 According to Windfur, the Almuti dialect belongs to the group of ten related dialects that the speakers of Talshi and Tati, in the north and northwest, speak in a Turkish-speaking environment. up8 Lecoq suggests that the name "Azeri" be given to a group of dialects to which Almuti and Rudbari belong.up9 Morteza Nesfat, an Iranian researcher, considers these dialects to be part of the Caspian coast languages.up10 To solve the problem of correct classification and naming of these dialects, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that all of them have branched off from a number of Middle and Ancient Iranian Salaf languages. Therefore, the course of their historical development is far more complicated than it is often imagined. Another factor that should be considered is the process of rapid assimilation of local or "market" dialects due to the continuous mixing of the population and the increasing influence of trade centers. It is necessary to follow the gradual evolution of all these small dialects by studying the linguistic forms that are used in all the dialects of the Alamut River. A planned research is needed to identify the dialects that may still remain unknown and to clarify the details of the known dialects, such as Almuti, with which little familiarity has been achieved so far.


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