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Lithography‐based additive manufacturing, also known as LCM, is a form of 3D printing technology for creating models, prototypes and production parts by using a photocurable ceramic suspension that is hardened via a photolithographic process. The technology was invented in 2006 at the TU Vienna, where a digital light processing (DLP) system was developed for the fabrication of complex technical ceramics with defined geometries.

Technology
LCM is a layered manufacturing approach where liquid photopolymerizable resins are solidified with ultraviolet, visible, or infrared light. The photopolymer acts as binder between the ceramic particles and makes the precise shaping of the part possible. The shaped form is produced as a green body that has to be further processed to obtain a part with higher relative density (99.85%–99.95%). These post-processing steps include the debinding, i.e. the thermal decomposition of the binder and the sub-sequent sintering into a compact ceramic part.

Materials
Depending on the field of application, various formulations were developed for fabricating customized ceramic parts made of aluminum oxide, zirconia, silicon nitride , tricalcium phosphate, or bioactive glass. LMM enables production of ceramic parts for a range of new applications; like microreactors, auxetic structures or heat exchangers , as well as biomedical devices and personalized medical products.