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Constructive Journalism
Constructive Journalism an emerging domain within journalism that is slowly getting grounded within academia and involves the field of communication that is based around reporting positive and solution- focused news, instead of revolving around negative and conflict- based stories. . . Its approach avoids the negativity bias and incorporates findings from positive psychology research to produce novel frameworks for journalism. Therefore, instead of solely discussing the problems, constructive journalism aims to gain a more comprehensive portrayal of the issues at hand. . It digs deep to expose to core causes of problems and explores emerging ideas and developments to shift our society towards more impartial and sustainable paths. . Constructive journalism aims express how change is possible and highlights the role each member of society may play to foster it. Additionally, it strives to strengthen the ethics code of journalism by avoiding the distortion of information in order to provide a more real portrayal of the world. Constructive Journalism attempts to create an engaging narrative that is factually correct without exaggerating numbers or realities. . The worlds first ph.D. on constructive journalism is currently underway at the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, with an expected deadline of April 2015. .

Applications of Constructive Journalism
According to the Danish journalist Cathrine Gyldensted, the Canadian family systems therapist Karl Tomm's four types of therapeutic questioning can be adopted into an interview approach that can also be used by journalists. Tomm’s original framework provides four types of questions a therapist can use in psychotherapy sessions to bring about positive therapeutic outcomes from clients. By using the same model in journalism, similarly constructive answers could be obtained from the interviewee.

In what he named the "interventive interviewing" devised to facilitate positive changes in family dynamics, Tomm divides questions into four types based on two intersecting dimensions that make up four quadrants. The first dimension of intentionality differentiates between "orienting questions" that help interviewers (therapists) orient their views about the interviewees (clients) and "influencing questions" that challenge the interviewees' (clients') understanding of themselves. When used outside psychotherapy, such as in journalism, this dimension of intentionality is also interpreted as the temporal dichotomy between past-orientation and future-orientation. The second dimension of linear vs. circular assumptions, theoretically based on Gregory Bateson’s works on the nature of mind, differentiates between lineal assumptions that take a reductionist, deterministic approach and circular assumptions that take a holistic, systemic approach. The resulting four types of questions are:
 * 1) Linear Questions ("The Detective"): Basic investigative questions that deal with "Who did what?, Where?, When?, and Why?". This type of questions helps discover the factual aspect of the problem or issue.
 * 2) Circular Questions ("The Anthropologist"): This type of questions discovers relevant contextual perspective behind the facts. Examples: "How did this affect you (or other things/people/etc.)?" and "What is your explanation for A or B?".
 * 3) Reflexive Questions ("The Future Scientist"): In reflective questions, the interviewer suggests a new perspective on a given topic, thereby nudging the interviewee to reflect on a new possibility of constructive solutions to the problem or issue. Examples: "What do you think A believes, when he is in that situation?", "How would you approach this problem?", and "What action should be taken in order to do A or B?"
 * 4) Strategic Questions ("The Captain"): Directs the interviewee into commitment of the solution. Examples: "What should be done?", "Will you do it?", and "When will you do it?"

Gyldensted reports that conventional journalists tend to be past-oriented and hence leave out future-oriented questions, especially the “Future Scientist”. For example, in a four-hour press conference with a former Danish prime minister, the press asked 59% “Detective”, 19.4% “Captain”, 18.7% “Anthropologist”, and only 3% “Future Scientist” questions out of a total of more than 130 questions. “As a consequence,” she writes, “[journalists] miss out on asking questions that explore new perspectives, solutions and visions, and on triggering actions based on those perspectives.” An ideal, constructive interview requires a balance among all four types of questions, because “[a]n interview containing all four roles of questioning [...] reveals the problem and the involved parties (Detective), provides reflection on what has happened (Anthropologist), points towards a solution or maps a bigger vision (Future Scientist), and commits decision-makers (Captain).” These four types of questions, being grounded in family therapy, is especially effective in political journalism, because the interviewer can encourage “mediation in political debates” and hence facilitate constructive collaboration among politicians.

Media Corporations working with Constructive Journalism
In Scandinavia this domain has been evolving since 2007. In December 2007 the editor-in-chief and CEO of Danish Media corporation Berlingske Media, Lisbeth Knudsen, writes an editorial where she reflects on the natural but also detrimental effects of journalism's negativity bias and calls for ideas for more positive and constructive story ideas. .

Danish Broadcasting Corporation is working with constructive journalism in their news department, but not only there, also on regional stations like P4Fyn and DR Danmark. . Danish Broadcaster TV2 News has launched a special format they have coined Yes We Can -stories in their nighly news format. .

Swedens Televison/SVT and Swedens Radio/SR have implemented constructive journalism as part of their everyday method and framework. Dutch online media outlet De Correspondent in The Netherlands have named a correspondent for progress and a constructive correspondent as part of their newsroom staff. .

Huffington Post launched their special sections experimenting on constructive journalism in 2011 with Washington Post following in 2014 with a online section labelled "The Optimist" .